Neuhof (Zehdenick)
Neuhof is a residential area in the district of Zehdenick in the Oberhavel district ( Brandenburg ). It was created around 1725 from a Vorwerk that had been set up by converting a fence post at the Großer Wildzaun in the Zehdenicker Heide.
Geographical location
Neuhof is located in the northern part of the district of the city of Zehdenick, about 3 km from the core city of Zehdenick. To the north, west and south-west, as a result of the clay mining, there is a so-called “clay landscape”.
history
Around 1660, the Great Elector began to rebuild the so-called "Great Wild Fence" from the Havel to the Oder, which was laid out in the middle of the 16th century and which was destroyed or dilapidated in the Thirty Years' War, to prevent the game from migrating to Mecklenburg or moving to the north to prevent lying cultivated land. To maintain this fence, a total of 12 fence-setting points were created along the game fence. Schulze von Ziethen took on one position for a fee, the rest were re-established by clearing the large forest area.
In 1706 the fence setter or the little yard of the fence setter on the "camp" was first mentioned. It is not known when the position was actually created. The "camp" belonged to the Zehdenick monastery . It is completely unclear whether a village originally stood here or a monastery farm. Probably the latter, because the name "Newenhoff" has been handed down as early as 1590. It is also not known when the “camp” came into the possession of the monastery and who was the previous owner. With the secularization of the Zehdenick monastery and the establishment of the Zehdenick office , the "camp" became sovereign again. Since 1715 Bernd Amerlahn has held the fence-setting position at the "camp". At that time he had 22 acres of fields, 10½ acres of meadow (1 acre of 400 square rods). He kept 10 cows. In 1721 the plan was made to expand the fence setters into outbuildings. In addition to the areas that have already been cleared, additional heathland should be cleared. This plan seems to have been implemented by 1723, because the Vorwerk was then leased to a man named Krause. At that time the Vorwerk comprised a total of 103 acres of land (one acre of 180 square rods), of which 83 acres were arable, 19 acres meadow and 1 acre garden. In 1755 the Vorwerk had 109 acres of land, including 6 acres of paddocks on which 12 cows and 6 head of cattle were kept. Pigs and poultry were kept. The Vorwerk was given a long lease between 1765 and 1775. In 1775, three Büdner or residents had already settled; In 1777 17 people lived here. By 1840 four residential buildings had already been built next to the Vorwerk, and 68 people were already living in Neuhof. In 1861 there were also two boatmen living in Neuhof, each of them owned a sailing ship. A carpenter had also settled. Neuhof was an independent "establishment" until 1884, before it was incorporated into the Forst Zehdenick estate. The railway line between Löwenberg and Templin was opened in 1888. A train station was built in Neuhof, including the so-called Kaiserbahnhof. There is also evidence of an innkeeper in 1907. During the bridge construction work for the railway line over the Havel, large clay deposits were discovered near Neuhof. A total of 23 brickworks were built in the Zehdenick area. By 1911, the Zehdenick area had become one of the largest brick production sites in Germany with an annual capacity of around 700 million clay blocks. In 1925 the place had 127 inhabitants. In 1929 the manor district of Forst Zehdenick was dissolved and incorporated into Zehdenick. In 1931 there were still three brick factories in Neuhof. Neuhof became a district of Zehdenick in the 1950s. Today Neuhof is a residential area in the (core) city of Zehdenick.
literature
- Matthias Asche: New settlers in the devastated country: Coping with the aftermath of the war, migration control and denominational politics in the context of the reconstruction of the country: the Mark Brandenburg after the wars of the 17th century. 874 S., Aschendorff, 2006
- Erwin Buchholz: The former large game fence from the Havel to the Oder: from the history of the Schorfheide. Journal of Forestry and Hunting, 1937 (1): 1-24, Berlin, 1937.
- Ulrich Drewin: Zehdenick: City on the Havel. 127 S., Erfurt, Sutton 2013 ISBN 978-3-95400-181-1 Preview on Google Books
- Lieselott Enders : Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg, Part VIII, Uckermark . 792 pp., Weimar 1986, ISBN 3-7400-0042-2
- Fritz Röhnisch: The large wild fence and the settlement of the Schorfheide. Templin district calendar, homeland yearbook for 1992: 50-52, Templin 1991.
Coordinates: 53 ° 0 ' N , 13 ° 21' E