Cramps
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Coordinates: 52 ° 46 ' N , 13 ° 2' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Brandenburg | |
| County : | Oberhavel | |
| Height : | 39 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 209.56 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 7734 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 37 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 16766 | |
| Area code : | 033055 | |
| License plate : | OHV | |
| Community key : | 12 0 65 165 | |
| LOCODE : | DE KMM | |
| City structure: | 7 districts | |
City administration address : |
Am Markt 1 16766 Kremmen |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Sebastian Busse ( CDU ) | |
| Location of the city of Kremmen in the Oberhavel district | ||
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Kremmen is a district town in the Oberhavel district in Brandenburg . Today's city was created in 2001 through the merger of the core city of Kremmen with six surrounding communities. She is a member of the working group "Cities with Historic Town Centers" .
geography
Kremmen is located in the southwest of the Oberhavel district. The westernmost point of the district is in the urban area. The core city emerged in the 13th century at a crossing ( Kremmer Damm ; also written Kremmener Damm ) over the Kremmener Luch . The forest area of the Krämer , whose name is also derived from the name of the city, extends south of the city . In the north lies the forest area Rüthnicker Heide , in the east the Zehdenick-Spandauer Havelniederung joins. The medieval roots can be seen in many of today's street names such as Alte Wallstraße , Schwedengasse , Burgweg etc. to this day.
City structure
According to its main statute, the city of Kremmen is divided into seven districts:
- Beetz with the inhabited parts of the municipality Ludwigsaue and Neu Ludwigsaue
- Flatow
- Groß-Ziethen
- Hohenbruch with the municipality parts Johannisthal and Verlorenort
- Kremmen with the parts of the municipality Amalienfelde, Linumhorst and Orion
- Summer field
- Relay with the districts of Charlottenau and Kuhsiedlung
There are the residential areas Alter Hof, Behrensbrück, Charlottenhof, Döringsbrück, Dorotheenhof, Karolinenhof, Kleinasien, Knödels Hof, Lange Horst, Moldenhauer Hof, Moorhof, Neukammer, Sana-Kliniken, Schleuener Luch, Schleuse Hohenbruch and Siemenshof.
history
History of Kremmens
The first written mention of the place as Cremmene dates back to December 28, 1216, when the Brandenburg Bishop Siegfried II confirmed his archdeaconate rights to the Brandenburg Cathedral Chapter when he took office . In 1298 he received city rights. The place name comes from Slavic and means pebble .
In Kremmen the Treaty of Kremmen between the Margraves Johann I and Otto III was signed on June 20, 1236 . von Brandenburg on the one hand and Duke Wartislaw III. completed by Pomerania on the other hand.
With the Treaty of Kremmen of January 29, 1318 , when the Johannitern received the goods of the Templar Order , which was dissolved in 1312, by the margravial bailiff , including Tempelhof, with all tenants (accessories to property in the form of rights and property) against payment of 1,250 marks for the appointment Margrave Woldemars were handed over to the patron and trustee of the interests of the Johanniter, the transition of the Brandenburg Templar property into the possession of the Johanniter could finally be realized.
On Kremmer dam in the Middle Ages two major battles took place. In the Pomeranian-Brandenburg War , the Brandenburg Margrave Ludwig of Brandenburg fought against the Dukes of Pomerania and lost. In 1412 the Brandenburgers again fought against the Pomeranians here. The traditions of both battles are partly contradicting and have probably mixed up over the long term. In 1845, more than 400 years later, Friedrich Wilhelm IV had a stone memorial cross erected on the roadside of the Kremmener Damm, which was to remind all passers-by of the battles of 1412 and above all to honor the Franconian knight Count Johann von Hohenlohe , who was at the Side of Brandenburg fought and died here.
Due to their loyalty in the Brandenburg-Pomeranian Wars, the von Bredow family came under the jurisdiction of the city and thus became aristocratic rulers.
Kremmen is located on the Berlin – Wilsnack pilgrimage route , which has been used since the end of the 14th century.
Like many other cities, Kremmen was ravaged by the plague in the 17th century . City fires are recorded from the years 1606, 1630 and 1680. The Elector of Brandenburg therefore issued an order in the middle of the 17th century that barns could only be built outside the city walls. This is how the Scheunenviertel on the outskirts of Kremmens came into being, which today is considered to be the largest historical Scheunenviertel still preserved in Germany.
The Thirty Years War devastated the city and the country. The von Bredows lost goods and money and separated from their possessions in Kremmen after the war. Since the family had split up into many parts, this process took several decades and the rule over Kremmen split up into several parts. In 1653 a part went to the Electress Luise Henriette von Oranien , other parts went to Major General Marcus von der Lütcke in 1649 .
Kremmen received a railway connection to Berlin in 1893 with the construction of the Kremmener Bahn .
At the time of the Nazi regime, there was a bunker in the Orion district that was used as an ammunition factory. It was damaged in the war and looted, filled in and removed from the year 2000 in the following years. During the Second World War, around Kremmen, roughly in the present-day districts of Groß-Ziethen, Sommerfeld and Verlorenort, spotlight positions of the anti-aircraft cartillery were stationed, which were manned by air force helpers from a secondary school from Zwickau in Saxony.
History of the districts (selection)
- Flatow was first mentioned in a document in 1355. Even then, the place had its current name. It means place where ears grow . The oldest owner of the place was the von Bredow family . In the Thirty Years' War was Dietrich von Hake owner of the goods Flatow as well as the good Kremmen.
- Hohenbruch was mentioned as a field name in 1595, founded in 1710 by decree of Frederick II at the request of descendants of Dutch farmers.
Administrative history
From 1815 to 1947 Kremmen belonged to the Osthavelland district of the Prussian province of Brandenburg , and from 1947–1952 to the state of Brandenburg in the SBZ / GDR . 1952–1993 the city was part of the Oranienburg district (until 1990 in the GDR district of Potsdam , 1990–1993 again in the state of Brandenburg). Since the district reform in Brandenburg in 1993, Kremmen has been part of the Oberhavel district .
In the course of the formation of offices in the state of Brandenburg in 1992, Beetz, Flatow, Groß-Ziethen, Sommerfeld, Staffelde and the city of Kremmen merged to form the Kremmen office . July 31, 1992 was set as the date of establishment of the office. The municipalities of Beetz, Flatow, Groß-Ziethen, Sommerfeld, Staffelde and the city of Kremmen (Kremmen Office) and the Hohenbruch municipality ( Oranienburg-Land Office ) merged on December 31, 2001 to form the new town of Kremmen. The Kremmen office was dissolved.
Population development
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Territory of the respective year, number of inhabitants: as of December 31 (from 1991), from 2011 based on the 2011 census
politics
City Council
The city council of Kremmen consists of 18 members and the full-time mayor. The result of the local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following distribution of seats:
| Party / list | CDU | UWG / LGU * | DUB ** | SPD | The left | GREEN | NPD |
| Seats | 5 | 4th | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
* Independent constituency / Agriculture, Horticulture, Environment ** The Independent Citizens
mayor
- 1998–2001: Christoph Brunner (Alliance 90 / The Greens)
- 2001–2017: Klaus-Jürgen Sasse (SPD)
- since 2017: Sebastian Busse (CDU)
Busse was elected in the mayoral election on November 27, 2016 with 56.9 percent of the valid votes for a term of eight years. He took office on March 21, 2017.
coat of arms
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Blazon : "In blue, turned left, a golden eagle with red fangs, which clings to a red-armed silver goose and hits its beak into its neck."
The coat of arms was designed by heraldist Frank Diemar and approved on October 2, 2002. |
| Reasons for the coat of arms: Coats of arms researchers interpret the coat of arms as an eloquent implementation of the place name and derive it from the Middle High German word "krimmen" (pack or choke). |
flag
The flag is three-striped yellow - blue - white in a ratio of 1: 4: 1 and shows the heraldic figures in the median.
Official seal
The official seal shows the city coat of arms with the inscription "STADT KREMMEN • LANDKREIS OBERHAVEL".
Partner municipality
Kremmen has entered into a partnership with the Polish town of Suchożebry .
Attractions
The list of architectural monuments in Kremmen contains all Kremmen soil and architectural monuments from the list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg.
- Church of St. Nikolai from around 1200 with baroque furnishings and a Schuke organ from 1961
- Market square with town hall (built in a neoclassical style in 1841 after a city fire ) and Kremmen clubhouse
- Scheunenviertel (40 of the original 70 barns are still preserved), a museum and a farm shop have been set up in one building
- Theater Deepest Province , has existed since April 2006
- Castle / Gut Staffelde, church from the 15th / 16th centuries Century and "Dorfkrug", a porch house from the 18th century
- Flatow Church, built by Matthias von Bredow in 1472, brick building with a slate-roofed tower
- Hereditary burial place northeast of the manor house in Beetz in the former manor park, built by Alexander Ferdinand Ludolf von Quast
- Sewing machine museum Sommerfeld
- Memorial plaques
- Memorial plaque from 1973 Am Markt No. 5 for the Jewish Borchardt family who were murdered in an extermination camp
- Memorial plaque on the corner of Raniesstrasse and Dammstrasse for the working-class athlete and anti-fascist Erich Paulig, who was murdered in 1941 in the Groß-Rosen concentration camp
- Commemorative plaque on the corner of the Straße der Einheit school and Ruppiner Chaussee for the prisoners of a concentration camp death march who were shot by SS men in April 1945
- Death march plaque on the enclosure wall of the church in the Sommerfeld district
- Death march sign at the exit of Sommerfeld in the direction of Hohenbruch
Manor in Staffelde
Vorlaubenhaus in Staffelde
Manor in Beetz
Economy and Infrastructure
Companies
Kremmen is characterized by agriculture , a large part of the population lives directly or indirectly from agriculture. Lidl Lagergesellschaft has been the largest non-agricultural employer in Kremmen since 1994. Around 120 order pickers work here . The Hellmuth-Ulrici-Klinik , a medical center for diseases of the musculoskeletal system, is located in the Sommerfeld district .
traffic
Kremmen is located on the state road L 170 between Nauen and Oranienburg (until 2014 federal road 273 ) and the L 19 to Herzberg (Mark) , which emerged in the 20th century from the medieval Kremmener Damm. The Kremmen junction on the A 24 is about 5 km southwest of the city center.
Kremmen station is the end point of the Kremmener Bahn, which begins in Berlin-Schönholz . This line is continued by the line to Meyenburg , which was operated by the Ruppiner Eisenbahn AG at the beginning of the 20th century . The Beetz-Sommerfeld stop in the Sommerfeld district is also located here . In addition, the Nauen – Oranienburg railway ran through Kremmen , on which passenger traffic was discontinued in 1967 and freight traffic in 1993. All of these routes meet at the Kremmen train station. There is a bicycle parking facility right at the train station, which is very well used by students and commuters.
Kremmen and Beetz-Sommerfeld are served by the regional express line RE 6 ( Prignitz-Express ) Berlin Gesundbrunnen - Wittenberge . The regional train line RB 55 runs between Kremmen and Hennigsdorf .
Personalities
Born in Kremmen
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- Johann Grüwel (1638–1710), mayor of the city and scholar
- Michael Friedrich Unruh (1714–1765), Protestant clergyman
- Karl Georg von Hake (1769–1835), Prussian infantry general and minister of war , born on Gut Flatow
- Friedrich von Brandenstein (1786–1857), Prussian Lieutenant General , born in Flatow
- Louis Neye (1863–1955), textbook author, born in Flatow
People associated with Kremmen
- Samuel Buchholtz (1717–1774), Lutheran theologian, pastor in Kremmen
- Theodor Billroth (1829-1894), surgeon, performed his first operation and an autopsy in Staffelde
- Richard Dehmel (1863–1920), poet and writer, spent his childhood in Kremmen
- Paul Luther (1868–1954), politician ( DVP ), pastor in Kremmen
- Charlie Mills (1888–1972), harness racing driver and landowner in Staffelde
- Rainer Oefelein (1935–2011), architect and university professor, lived in Kremmen
Trivia
The music videos for the Bosse songs “Ich warte auf dich” and “Hallo Hometown” were both shot in Kremmen.
literature
- 700 years of the city of Kremmen. Walk through town and history with Gerhard Henniger accompanied by Petra Born and Heiko Hohenhaus , 1998
- Fred Sobik: More than swamp and sand. The places around Kremmen and Fehrbellin. 2000
- Friedrich Werwach: The Kremmen students at the German universities until 1700. In: "Brandenburgia". Monthly newspaper of the Society for Local Studies of the Province of Brandenburg in Berlin, 9th year 1900/1901. Berlin: Stankiewicz 1901, pp. 144–159 ( digitized in the Google Book Search USA )
- Hermann Wille: Home book for Kremmen and the surrounding area. 1971
- Ulrich Koerth: The peasant inheritance habits in the district court district of Kremmen. Along with theses. 1939
- Hermann Wille: Home book for Kremmen and the surrounding area. 1930-1937
- Kremmen Regional Forest District, Potsdam District , 1932
- Hermann Wille: Historical home book for the city of Kremmen. 1925
- Hermann Wille: Pictures from the history of the city of Kremmen. 1922
- Head forester Kremmen in the administrative district of Potsdam , 1910
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population in the State of Brandenburg according to municipalities, offices and municipalities not subject to official registration on December 31, 2019 (XLSX file; 223 KB) (updated official population figures) ( help on this ).
- ↑ Main statutes of the city of Kremmen (from May 13, 2004, PDF; 126 kB)
- ^ Service portal of the state administration Brandenburg - City of Kremmen
- ↑ City fires of yore - a stroke of luck for today. In: Christa and Johannes Jankowiak: Brandenburg. Not just sand and heather. Stapp Verlag Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-87776-573-9 , p. 17 ff.
- ↑ a b Jürgen Splett: Grüwel, Johann . In: Lothar Noack, Jürgen Splett (Eds.): Bio-Bibliographien. Brandenburg scholars of the early modern period . Margraviate of Brandenburg 1640-1713. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-05-003570-6 , pp. 236-238 .
- ↑ Formation of the offices of Nordwestuckermark, Kremmen, Spreenhagen, Oder-Welse, Prenzlau-Land, Am Senftenberger See, Schipkau and Werder. Announcement of the Minister of the Interior of July 20, 1992. Official Gazette for Brandenburg - Joint Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 3, Number 58, August 12, 1992, pp. 1015-1017.
- ↑ Change of the Oranienburg-Land Office Announcement by the Ministry of the Interior of December 14, 2001. Official Gazette for Brandenburg Common Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 12, 2001, Number 52, Potsdam, December 27, 2001, p. 906 (PDF )
- ↑ a b Formation of a new city Kremmen, announcement of the Ministry of the Interior of December 14, 2001. Official Journal for Brandenburg, Joint Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 12, 2001, Number 52, Potsdam, December 27, 2001, p. 905 (PDF)
- ^ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. Oberhavel district . Pp. 14-17
- ↑ Population in the state of Brandenburg from 1991 to 2015 according to independent cities, districts and municipalities , Table 7
- ^ Office for Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg (Ed.): Statistical report AI 7, A II 3, A III 3. Population development and population status in the state of Brandenburg (respective editions of the month of December)
- ↑ Result of the local elections on May 26, 2019. Accessed July 10, 2017 .
- ^ First round in the mayor election campaign. In: Märkische Allgemeine , September 17, 2016.
- ↑ Brandenburg Local Election Act, Section 74
- ^ Result of the mayoral election on November 27, 2016
- ↑ Mayor: Sebastian Busse is in office . In: Märkische Allgemeine , March 22, 2017.
- ↑ Coat of arms information on the service portal of the state administration of Brandenburg
- ↑ a b main statute § 2 (PDF).
- ↑ Märkische Oderzeitung, August 10, 2006, p. 9.
- ^ Robert Tiesler: Bicycle parking spaces at the train station are not enough. Märkische Allgemeine, October 12, 2017, accessed on November 1, 2017 .
- ↑ Ernst Kern : Seeing - Thinking - Acting of a surgeon in the 20th century. ecomed, Landsberg am Lech 2000. ISBN 3-609-20149-5 , p. 125.
- ↑ BosseAxel: Bosse - I'm waiting for you (Official Video). February 12, 2019, accessed March 18, 2020 .
- ↑ BosseAxel: Bosse - Hallo Hometown (Official Video). May 23, 2019, accessed May 25, 2019 .
- ↑ Sebastian Morgner: Why Bosse shot his video for the home song in Brandenburg. In: maz-online.de. May 23, 2019, accessed March 18, 2020 .
