Treaty of Kremmen

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The Treaty of Kremmen was signed on June 20, 1236 between the Margraves Johann I and Otto III. von Brandenburg on the one hand and Duke Wartislaw III. completed by Pomerania on the other hand. With him, Wartislaw III recognized. the Brandenburg feudal sovereignty and ceded areas to Brandenburg.

prehistory

In the 1230s, the two Pomeranian dukes from the Greifenhaus , Wartislaw III. and his cousin Barnim I , in a difficult foreign policy situation. In the previous decades, Pomerania had found protection through an alliance with Denmark. But the capture of King Waldemar II of Denmark in 1223 and the Danish defeat in the Battle of Bornhöved in 1227 broke Denmark's supremacy in the southern Baltic region.

Pomerania was under pressure from all sides: In 1231 Emperor Friedrich II had the feudal sovereignty of the Brandenburg margraves Johann I and Otto III. confirmed over Pomerania. In the west, around 1230, the Mecklenburg princes took most of Zirzipanien . In the east, the disputed countries Schlawe and Stolp were taken in 1235/36 by Duke Swantopolk the Great of Pomerania. Denmark also tried to gain a foothold in Pomerania again, but was repulsed in 1235.

Content of the contract

Duke Wartislaw III. decided to go far towards Brandenburg. The Kremmen Treaty determined:

  • Duke Wartislaw III. took its part of Pomerania from the Brandenburg margraves Johann I and Otto III. to fiefdom.
  • In the event that Duke Wartislaw III. would die without leaving sons, should his part of the country fall back to the margraves as feudal lords .
  • Duke Wartislaw III. ceded the states of Stargard , Beseritz and Wustrow to Brandenburg.

Progress

The right of the Brandenburger to revert to the part of Wartislaw III. was eliminated in time in 1250 by the Treaty of Landin . With the Treaty of Landin the Pomeranian dukes Wartislaw III. and Barnim I. jointly the enfeoffment with Pomerania (for the whole hand). As Wartislaw III. then died childless in 1264, his part of the country fell to Barnim I, who ruled as the sole Duke of Pomerania until his death in 1278.

The Brandenburg fiefdom was not able to shake off Pomerania until late. Under Duke Barnim III. Pomerania was confirmed as a direct imperial duchy by King Charles IV in 1348 . However, it was not until 1529 that Brandenburg accepted the imperial immediacy of Pomerania, but in return received the right of succession in the event that the Greifenhaus died out .

The countries of Stargard, Beseritz and Wustrow were permanently lost to Pomerania.

See also

literature