Johann Lorenz Bausch

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Johann Lorenz Bausch. Line engraving, 1688. Wellcome V0000413.jpg

Johann Lorenz Bausch (occasionally also partially latinized Johann (es) Laurentius Bausch ; born September 30, 1605 in Schweinfurt ; † November 17, 1665 ibid) was a German physician ( Stadtphysicus ) and co-founder and first president of the Leopoldina , today's National Academy of Sciences .

Life

Bausch comes from a family from Kaltennordheim in the Franconian Thuringia, who have lived in Schweinfurt since 1567 . He was the son of the Schweinfurt city physician and city councilor Leonhard Bausch (1574-1636) and his first wife Barbara Büttner († 1612).

From 1615 to 1621 he attended the Hennebergisches Gymnasium "Georg Ernst" in Schleusingen . After taking private lessons in his father's house with his younger brother Johann Heinrich, Johann Lorenz studied medicine from 1623 at the universities of Jena, Marburg (from 1626) and from 1628 in Padua, where he successfully completed his studies. He then undertook his Grand Tour through Italy from 1626 to 1628 .

Back in Germany he studied at the University of Altdorf and received his doctorate there in 1630. On November 9, 1630, he married the fifteen-year-old Anna Margaretha Prückner, a daughter of the Schweinfurt counselor Paulus Prückner. Four years later, Bausch established himself as a general practitioner in Schweinfurt. A little later he was appointed to the city medicus and as such he was also elected to the city council.

Together with his colleagues Johann Michael Fehr , Georg Balthasar Metzger and Georg Balthasar Wohlfahrt , Bausch founded the Academia Naturae Curiosorum , today's German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina, on January 1, 1652 ( matriculation no. 1 ) with the nickname Jason I in Schweinfurt . It is one of the first scientific associations in Europe and the oldest academy in the world that still exists today. From the day it was founded until the end of his life, Bausch headed the company as its first president. In his capacity as a member of society, Bausch called himself Jason I. Such company names were common at the time and only went out of fashion in the mid-19th century.

In 1668 von Bausch (with the participation of Johann Michael Fehr, Philipp Jakob Sachs von Löwenheim and others) published Schediasma Posthumum De Coeruleo & Chrysocolia in Jena near Trescher (Bibliopolae Vratislav).

His scholarly library , founded by his father and donated by his heirs to the city of Schweinfurt in 1813, is now in the Otto Schäfer library .

literature

  • Andreas Elias Büchner : Academiae Sacri Romani Imperii Leopoldino-Carolinae Natvrae Cvriosorvm Historia. Litteris et impensis Ioannis Iustini Gebaueri, Halae Magdebvrgicae 1755, De Collegis, p. 463 digitized
  • August Hirsch :  Bausch, Johann Laurentius . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, p. 182.
  • Helmut Keller: Dr. Johann Laurentius Bausch, 1605–1665, founder of the Academia Naturae Curiosorum . Würzburg 1955 (medical dissertation, University of Würzburg, 1955).
  • Helmut Schmitt:  Bausch, Johann Laurentius. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1953, ISBN 3-428-00182-6 , p. 673 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Heinz Schott : Medicine, Natural Philosophy and Magic. Johann Laurentius Bausch from a medical-historical perspective. In: Richard Toellner , Uwe Müller, Benno Parthier , Wieland Berg (eds.): The foundation of the Leopoldina - Academia Naturae Curiosorum - in a historical context. Johann Laurentius Bausch on his 400th birthday (= Acta Historica Leopoldina. Vol. 49). Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, Stuttgart 2008, pp. 191–214.
  • Uwe Müller: On the 400th birthday of the founder of the Academia Naturae Curiosorum (German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina) Johann Laurentius Bausch (1605–1665). In: Tempora mutantur et nos? Festschrift for Walter M. Brod on his 95th birthday. With contributions from friends, companions and contemporaries. Edited by Andreas Mettenleiter , Akamedon, Pfaffenhofen 2007, pp. 368–372.
  • Johann Daniel Ferdinand Neigebaur : History of the imperial Leopoldino-Carolinische German academy of natural scientists during the second century of its existence. Friedrich Frommann, Jena 1860, p. 188 .
  • Willi Ule : History of the Imperial Leopoldine-Carolinian German Academy of Natural Scientists during the years 1852–1887 . With a look back at the earlier times of its existence. In commission at Wilh. Engelmann in Leipzig, Halle 1889, supplements and additions to Neigebaur's history, p. 147 ( archive.org ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Helmut Keller showed in his dissertation (1955) that Johann Lorenz Bausch was not related to Burkard Bausch , although both were connected to the Münsterschwarzach Abbey .
  2. ↑ Uwe Müller: On the 400th birthday of the founder of the Academia Naturae Curiosorum (German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina) Johann Laurentius Bausch (1605–1665). In: Tempora mutantur et nos? Festschrift for Walter M. Brod on his 95th birthday. With contributions from friends, companions and contemporaries. Edited by Andreas Mettenleiter , Akamedon, Pfaffenhofen 2007, pp. 368–372, here: p. 368
  3. ↑ Uwe Müller, p. 369
  4. ↑ Uwe Müller, p. 369 f.
  5. ^ Member entry of Johann Laurentius Bausch (with picture) at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on March 25, 2016.
  6. ↑ Helmut Keller: Dr. Johann Laurentius Bausch (1605–1665), founder of the Academia Naturae Curiosorum. Medical dissertation in Würzburg 1955.
  7. ↑ Entry in the manual of the historical book inventory online
personal data
SURNAME Bausch, Johann Lorenz
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bausch, Johann Laurentius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German medic
DATE OF BIRTH September 30, 1605
PLACE OF BIRTH Schweinfurt
DATE OF DEATH November 17, 1665
Place of death Schweinfurt