Jusepe de Ribera
Jusepe de Ribera (born January 12, 1591 in Játiva , Valencia province , † September 2, 1652 in Naples ) was a painter from Spain who worked in Naples during the Baroque period . Because of its origins, it was also called “lo Spagnoletto” (“the little Spaniard”) in Italian . His naturalistic style influenced the development of a renewed painting style in Naples, whose representatives such as Ribera and his students, as well as painters from other workshops in the city , are summarized as the Neapolitan School .
Life
Ribera first learned from Francesc Ribalta in Valencia , then went to Naples, studied the works of Raphael and Carracci in Rome and those of Antonio da Correggio for Parma and Modena . In Naples he trained according to Caravaggio's works.
His torture of St. Bartholomew earned him the position of court painter to the Duke of Osuna, viceroy of Naples. He became a member of the Accademia di San Luca in Rome in 1630 , and the Pope awarded him the Order of Christ in 1644 . Ribera died in Naples in 1652.
Along with Caravaggio, Ribera is the most important naturalist of the Neapolitan school of painting; he is even more energetic than this, and his chiaroscuro is of the highest power. However, because the shadows were too dark, many of his pictures have lost their originally great coloristic appeal. He was particularly drawn to the portrayal of the horrific and dreadful, the most effective are his images of torture and similar subjects. He also liked to paint half-length portraits of old, bony hermits, saints, philosophers, etc., in which he shone with anatomical accuracy (around 40 in the Prado Museum in Madrid). But he also succeeded in depicting the most lovable virginity in St. Agnes in the Dresden gallery .
Works (selection)
Jusepe de Ribera's main works are:
- The salvation. Januarius in the fiery furnace ( Naples Cathedral ),
- the Descent from the Cross (Naples, San Martino),
- a conception (Salamanca, Augustinian Church),
- Martyrdom of St. Bartholomew (Ribera painted the theme “ Apollo flags Marsyas ” in different versions for several private collections . In the Christian world, this myth corresponded to the torture of St. Bartholomew.)
- The apostle James ,
- the Jacob's ladder ,
- Ixion and Prometheus (Madrid, Prado),
- the Adoration of the Shepherds (Paris, Louvre),
- Mary Magdalene ,
- Martyrdom of salvation Laurentius and Diogenes with the lantern (Dresden, gallery),
- the repentance of Peter (Munich, Pinakothek)
- the salvation. Sebastian (Berlin, Gemäldegalerie).
St. Sebastian
St. Jerome
Penitent St. Jerome
St. Francis of Assisi
St. Francis of Assisi and the angel with the water bottle
St. Andrew
The penitent St. Mary Magdalene, fragment
Relief from St. Peter
The drunken Silenus
The clubfoot
Moses with the 10 commandments
Holy Communion , detail
His etchings are also excellent.
student
He has drawn on a large number of students and imitators, whose works, however, are usually very unpleasant; the most famous of these are Salvator Rosa and Luca Giordano . Bartolomeo Bassante , Aniello Falcone and Francesco Fracanzano are among the students who learned in Ribera's workshop and who continued his style .
literature
- Jonathan Brown: Jusepe de Ribera: prints and drawings. Catalog for the exhibition at the Art Museum, Princeton University, October – November 1973. Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 1973.
- Louis Gillet: Jusepe de Ribera . In: Catholic Encyclopedia , Volume 13, Robert Appleton Company, New York 1912.
- Alfonso E. Perez Sanchez, Nicola Spinosa: Jusepe De Ribera 1591-1652. Catalog of the exhibition in the Metropolitan Museum. Abrams, New York 1992, ISBN 0-8109-6416-3 .
- Michael Scholz-Hansel: Jusepe de Ribera, 1591–1652. Könemann, Cologne 2000, ISBN 3-8290-2872-5 .
- José de Ribera: bajo el signo de Caravaggio (1613–1633). Catalog of the exhibition in the Museo de Bellas Artes de Valencia June 16 - September 4, 2005, scientific director Nicola Spinosa. Museo de Bellas Artes, Valencia 2005, ISBN 84-482-4054-5 .
- Nicola Spinosa: Ribera: [l'opera completa]. 2nd expanded edition. Electa Napoli, Napoli 2006 [EA 2003].
Web links
- Works by Jusepe de Ribera at Zeno.org .
- Jusepe de Ribera. Pictures and biography
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Ribera, Jusepe de |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Spanish painter |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 12, 1591 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Játiva , Valencia Province |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 2, 1652 |
| Place of death | Naples |