Anton Domenico Gabbiani

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Self-portrait by Anton Domenico Gabbiani, 1685 ( Corridoio Vasariano , Florence)

Anton (or Antonio ) Domenico Gabbiani (born February 13, 1652 in Florence - November 22, 1726 ibid) was an Italian painter and fresco artist , etcher and engraver of the Florentine Baroque .

Life

Anton Domenico was a son of Giovanni Gabbiani and Maria Simi. He received his first training in Florence with Vincenzo Spada and the portrait painter of the Medici, Justus Sustermans . After that he was part of Vincenzo Dandini's workshop for eight years.

Thanks to a grant from Cosimo III. de 'Medici he was able to go to Rome for three years in May 1673 with Giovanni Battista Foggini , C. Marcellini and Atanasio Bimbacci to study at the Accademia Fiorentina with Ciro Ferri and Ercole Ferrata . Through this stay in the Eternal City, he came under the influence of the art of Pietro da Cortona and the classicist Carlo Maratta . A stay in Venice followed at the end of the 1670s , where he was apprenticed to the portrait painter Sebastiano Bombelli .

In 1680 he returned to Florence. His first surviving oil painting is the altarpiece St. Francis de Sales in Glory from 1685 for the Church of SS. Apostoli in Florence.

Anton Domenico Gabbiani: Four servants and a little monkey from the Medici Court , approx. 1684, Palazzo Pitti

Gabbiani was a talented and sought-after portraitist of the Medici court under Grand Duke Cosimo III. and above all of his son Prince Ferdinando and painted official portraits of Vittoria della Rovere , Ferdinando and his sister Anna Maria Luisa in the 1680s , which are now in the Palazzo Pitti . During the same period a number of group portraits of musicians, castrati and instrumentalists from Ferdinando's court were created, which are not only artistically but also historically important (see gallery below); also portraits of hunters and servants (see illustration on the right).

From July to December 1690 the painter was temporarily in Vienna .

In 1690 and 1691 he and a few employees painted frescoes in the gallery of the Palazzo Medici-Riccardi and subsequently became the protagonist of baroque fresco art in the aristocratic palaces of Florence. His frescoes are characterized by a cool coloring and rich invention ( inventio ) and are influenced by Pietro da Cortona, and later also by Luca Giordano and Sebastiano Ricci . Gabbiani's main works include the decoration on the mezzanine floor of the Palazzo Pitti, which he executed for Prince Ferdinando from 1692–93, and the frescoes from 1696 in the gallery of the Palazzo Corsini . Further fresco decorations by the artist can be found in Florence in the Palazzo Strozzi-Ridolfi, in the Casa Gerini, and in the Palazzo Orlandini del Beccuto (1697). For his apotheosis Cosimos d. Ä. Gabbiani received 400 scudi at the Villa Medici in Poggio a Caiano .

He also painted a representation of Parnassus on the ceiling of the Teatro della Pergola , which, like some other works, is lost today.

Anton Domenico Gabbiani: Portrait of a Doctor , ca.1690, Museo civico di Montepulciano

In 1699 Gabbiani returned to Venice to keep up to date with the latest developments there. He received the commission from Prince Ferdinando for the dome fresco of the Assumption of St. Mary Magdalene in San Frediano in Castello (Florence), which was made between 1701 and 1718 and is counted among his most important works.

Ferdinando liked Gabbiani's rest on the Flight into Egypt from 1704 (in the depot in the Chiesa della Sacra Famiglia, in Marina di Carrara ) so much that, for its “perfection and beauty, during the octave of the Corpus Domini to the comfort of the people on the Had Domplatz publicly exhibited ”(Hugford, 1762, p. 10).

Even after the death of Ferdinando de 'Medici in 1713, Gabbiani continued to receive orders from Cosimo III. de 'Medici. Gabbiani's works in the 1710s already tend stylistically towards Rococo , but his last works after 1720 again show the clear influence of Roman classicism after Maratta.

While working on a ceiling frecko with the banquet of the gods in the Palazzo Incontri in Florence, Gabbiani fell from the scaffolding and died of the consequences on November 22, 1726. His grave monument in the church of San Felice in Piazza was made by the sculptor G. Ticciati created.

Gabbiani had numerous students, including Benedetto Luti , Ranieri del Pace , Tommaso Redi and his nephew Gaetano Gabbiani.

gallery

Works

Anton Domenico Gabbiani: The Holy Virgin gives the habit to the seven founders of the Servite Order , fresco in the Santuario di Montesenario, 1718

Frescoes:

  • in the gallery of the Palazzo Medici Riccardi , Florence, 1690–91
  • Decoration on the mezzanine floor of the Palazzo Pitti , Florence, 1692–93
  • in the gallery of the Palazzo Corsini, Florence, 1696
  • in the Palazzo Strozzi-Ridolfi, Florence
  • in the Casa Gerini, Florence
  • in the Palazzo Orlandini del Beccuto, Florence, 1697
  • Apotheosis Cosimos d. Ä. , Villa Medici in Poggio a Caiano , 1698
  • Assumption of St. Maria Maddalena , dome fresco of San Frediano in Castello (Florence), 1702–18
  • The Holy Virgin gives the habit to the seven founders of the Servite Order , fresco for the Santuario di Montesenario, 1718

Oil painting:

  • St. Francis de Sales in Glory , Church of SS.Aostoli , Florence, 1685
  • Portrait of Vittoria Della Rovere , Pitti Palace, Florence, 1680s
  • Portrait of Ferdinando de'Medici , Palazzo Pitti, Florence, 1680s
  • Portrait of Anna Maria Luisa de Medici , Pitti Palace, Florence, 1680s
  • Group portrait of musicians from the Medici Court , 1680s
  • Ferdinando de Medici with his musicians , 1680s
  • Three musicians and a Moor from the court of Ferdinandos de 'Medici , 1680s
  • The three castrati Vincenzo Olivicciani (Vincenzino), Antonio Rivani and Giulio Cavaletti , 1680s
  • Group portrait of hunters , 1680s
  • Family at the court of Prince Ferdinando , formerly in the Villa Medici di Castello , today Uffizi , 1680s
  • Self-portrait , Hugford Collection, 1680s
  • Abduction of Ganimed , Florence, Uffizi Gallery, 1700
  • Erminia with the Shepherds , Villa Medici in Poggio a Caiano, 1702
  • Rest on the Flight into Egypt , in the depot in the Chiesa della Sacra Famiglia, in Marina di Carrara , 1704
  • Descent of the Holy Spirit , main altar of the Benedictine Church of San Giorgio alla Costa, Florence, ca.1710
  • Christ distributes communion to St. Peter of Alcantara in the presence of St. Teresa of Avila , Bayerische Gemäldesammlungen: Schleissheim Palace , 1714
  • Self-portrait , Florence, Uffizi Gallery, 1715
  • Presentation in the temple , Museo civico, Pistoia , 1716
  • Martyrdom of St. Lawrence and the Assumption , Pescia ,
  • Death of St. Scholastica , Borgo a Buggiano
  • Assumption of the Virgin , Accademia , Florence, 1720–22
  • Madonna and Child and Symbols of the Passion , Accademia, Florence, 1720–22
  • Death of St. Joseph , Accademia, Florence, 1723
  • Apparition of the Virgin to Saint Filippo Neri , Church of San Firenze, Florence, 1724

There are numerous preparatory drawings in the Uffizi.

literature

  • Gabbiani, Antonio Domenico , in: Lexikon der Kunst , Vol. 4, Karl Müller Verlag, Erlangen 1994, p. 370.
  • Alessandro Serafini: Anton Domenico Gabbiani , in: Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani , Volume 51 (1998), online on Treccani (viewed January 6, 2020; Italian)

Web links

Commons : Anton Domenico Gabbiani  - collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Anton Domenico Gabbiani at www.rockwell-center.org (viewed January 6, 2020)
  • Anton Domenico Gabbiani on artnet (seen january 6th 2020)
  • Antonio Domenico Gabbiani on the Nederlands Institute for Art History RKD website (as of January 6, 2020)
  • Anton Domenico Gabbiani on artcyclopedia (seen January 6th 2020)

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e f Gabbiani, Antonio Domenico , in: Lexikon der Kunst , Vol. 4, Karl Müller Verlag, Erlangen 1994, p. 370.
  2. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Alessandro Serafini: Anton Domenico Gabbiani , in: Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani , Volume 51 (1998), online on Treccani (viewed January 6, 2020 ; Italian)
  3. ... perfezione e bellezza ... fu fatto esporre dal detto Gran Principe alla pubblica vista per consolazione del popolo sulla piazza del Duomo in congiuntura dell'Ottava del Corpus Domini ”. Alessandro Serafini: Anton Domenico Gabbiani , in: Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani , Volume 51 (1998), online on Treccani
  4. Antonio Domenico Gabbiani on the website of the Nederlands Institute for Art History RKD (accessed January 6, 2020)