Pistoia

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pistoia
coat of arms
Pistoia (Italy)
Pistoia
Country Italy
region Tuscany
province Pistoia  (PT)
Coordinates 43 ° 56 '  N , 10 ° 55'  E Coordinates: 43 ° 56 '0 "  N , 10 ° 55' 0"  E
height 67  m slm
surface 236 km²
Residents 90,677 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 384 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 51100
prefix 0573
ISTAT number 047014
Popular name Pistoiesi
Patron saint San Jacopo (July 25th)
Website Pistoia
Dom Sankt Zeno on Domplatz
Dom Sankt Zeno on Domplatz

Pistoia is the capital of the Tuscan province of Pistoia in Italy . It has 90,677 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) and is located about 35 km from Florence on the Ombrone Pistoiese river . In 2017 Pistoia was the Capitale Italiana della Cultura , Italy's cultural capital, which was initiated with a ceremony in the town hall on March 15th.

Pistoia is an industrial city known for metal products and the largest concentration of tree nurseries in Europe.

Pistoia is the seat of the Roman Catholic diocese of Pistoia , which dates back to the 3rd century.

history

Under the name Pistorium, a Roman oppidum was founded in the 2nd century BC , which primarily served to supply the troops who were fighting against the Ligurians . The city is also mentioned by Sallust : he tells of the battle of Pistoria in 62 BC. In which the conspirator Catilina perished ( De coniuratione Catilinae ). In 406 Pistorium was destroyed by the Visigoths . After the reconstruction, the city came under Byzantine rule. In the 8th century it flourished briefly under the Longobards .

In the 12th century, Pistoia was an independent comune with a vibrant economy and rapid urban expansion. The second city wall was built during this time. This quadrupled the walled city area compared to the first wall from the 7th to 8th centuries. However, the city's development was then hampered by the internal struggles between Ghibellines and Guelphs and the rivalry between the neighboring cities of Florence and Lucca . The 14th century was marked by many wars in which Pistoia was finally subject to Florentine power. This did not end the internal feuds, and fighting between the Panciatichi and Cancellieri families continued in the 15th century. With the establishment of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany , Pistoia finally became part of the Medicean sphere of power. Cosimo I de 'Medici had the third city wall built, which still exists today. In the early modern period , Pistoia was politically insignificant. Only the election of the Pistoian Giulio Rospigliosi as Pope Clement IX is to be recorded. in 1667.

Pistoia began to grow again in the middle of the 19th century and expanded beyond the third city wall. In 1927, Benito Mussolini made Pistoia the capital of the province of the same name.

Sights and events

The city center offers significant historical buildings:

  • Dome of the Basilica della Madonna dell'Umiltà

  • Church of Sant'Andrea

  • Baptistery on Cathedral Square

  • Ospedale del Ceppo

Twin cities

sons and daughters of the town

literature

history

  • Natale Rauty: Storia di Pistoia. Vol. 1: Dall'alto Medioevo all'età precomunale (406-1105). Firenze 1988, ISBN 88-00-85542-3 .
  • Giovanni Cherubini: Storia di Pistoia. Vol. 2: L'età del libero comune. Dall'inizio del XII alla metà del XIV secolo. Firenze 1998, ISBN 88-00-85708-6 .
  • Giuliano Pinto, Francesco Neri: Storia di Pistoia. Vol. 3: Dentro lo stato Fiorentino dalla metà del XIV alla fine del XVIII secolo. Firenze 1999, ISBN 88-00-85710-8 .
  • Giorgio Peracchi, Alessandro Andreini: Storia di Pistoia. Vol. 4: Nell'età delle rivoluzioni (1777–1940). Firenze 2000, ISBN 88-00-85709-4 .
  • Peter Lütke Westhues: Observations on the character and the dating of the oldest statutes of the municipality of Pistoia from the 12th century , in: Sources and research from Italian archives and libraries 77 (1997) 51–83. ( online )
  • Giampaolo Francesconi: "La città era ben murata e merlata". Crescita urbana e costruzione delle mura nella Pistoia comunale , in: Bullettino Storico Pistoiese CXVII (2015) 37–66.

geography

Web links

Commons : Pistoia  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
  2. ^ Report on the ceremony on the website of the Italian Prime Minister of March 15, 2017 [1] , accessed on March 16, 2017
  3. ↑ Pistoia | City of Reutlingen. Retrieved September 8, 2019 .