Sant'Andrea (Pistoia)
Sant'Andrea , also Pieve di Sant'Andrea , is a church in the Tuscan town of Pistoia . It is known for its Romanesque facade in the style of the Tuscan Pro-Renaissance and its pulpit by Giovanni Pisano from the turn of the 13th and 14th centuries. It was and is also the baptistery, hence the Italian addition Pieve . The patron saint is St. Andrew .
location
The church is located in the northern part of the old town of Pistoia on the Via di Sant'Andrea named after her , about 300 meters northwest of the central Piazza del Duomo .
Building history
The first church building at this point goes back to the 8th or 9th century. The building was rebuilt in the 12th century, around 1160 to 1170, and its length was considerably increased. This gave the church its Romanesque impression that is still visible today.
facade
The facade of the church is designed in three axes, corresponding to the interior. The area is supported by four columns with capitals Corinthian order divided, the glare arches of two different types of marble bear. The three-tiered diamond fields inserted below the arcades also follow this technique. In the two outer axes, blind arcades have again been drawn in above the doors, the facade is bordered on the outside by corner pilasters . Above the arcade arches, below the cornice, there is an area with marble rhombuses. The facade is unfinished and is closed at the top by a simple gable with a round window. Its design is based on models from Pisa .
Inserted into the facade are three bas-reliefs in the lintel of the main portal and below . These are the depiction of the procession of the Magi , the encounter with Herod and the adoration of the child .
inner space
The Church is the basic structure of a basilica , it accordingly has three naves with increased nave. The high walls of the central nave are supported by arcade arches on pillars, the capitals again follow the Corinthian order. The church has no transept. The central nave ends in a semicircular apse . The church is not vaulted , the roof structure can be seen freely. The design of the interior also corresponds to the Pisan construction method in the highest purity of style.
Pulpit by Giovanni Pisano
The magnificent Gothic pulpit by Giovanni Pisano, possibly with the help of Tino di Camaino , is a major work of medieval Italian sculpture. It was built between 1298 and 1301. In terms of structure, Pisano designed a hexagon with six columns made of porphyry , which he braced with three passes, and a central column. The structure corresponds to the pulpits that he made with his father Nicola Pisano in Pisa and Siena . The columns in turn sit alternately on plinths with a base or on atlases and lions , the middle column is supported by a group of eagles, griffins and lions. The capitals follow the Corinthian order, they are considered to be "excellent" chiseled. The spandrels of the three passes contain depictions of prophets , and sibyls are added to the corners . The pulpit consists of five reliefs, depicting the Annunciation and the birth , the adoration of the kings and the command to flee , child murder in Bethlehem , the crucifixion and the last judgment . The figures in the reliefs are almost completely sculpted, the representations are rated as having "expressive drama". In the corners of the pulpit, Pisano depicted Aaron , David , Jeremiah , Isaiah and angel figures.
More works of art
Also by Giovanni Pisano is a wooden crucifix on the first altar on the right-hand side; the baptismal font is still uncertainly attributed to him , it is in the left aisle, and again a crucifix on the first altar on the left.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Schomann: Art monuments in Tuscany. , P. 452.
- ↑ a b c d Zimmermanns: Toscana - The hill country and the historic city centers. , P. 145. ( online )
- ^ Dispute: Florence - Tuscany - Umbria, Land of the Etruscans , p. 86.
- ^ Dispute: Florence - Tuscany - Umbria, land of the Etruscans . P. 84
- ^ Schomann: Art monuments in Tuscany. , P. 453.
literature
- Heinz Schomann : Art monuments in Tuscany. Scientific Book Society , Darmstadt 1990, ISBN 3-534-06894-7 .
- Klaus Zimmermanns: Toscana - The hill country and the historic city centers. 9th edition, Du Mont Buchverlag, Cologne 1986, ISBN 3-7701-1050-1 .
- Conrad Streit: Florence - Tuscany - Umbria, Land of the Etruscans , Walter-Verlag, Olten and Freiburg im Breisgau 1972 (special edition for the Scientific Book Society Darmstadt)
Web links
Coordinates: 43 ° 56 ′ 7.9 ″ N , 10 ° 54 ′ 51.4 ″ E