Adam Joseph Onymus

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Adam Joseph Onymus (born March 29, 1754 in Würzburg , † September 9, 1836 in Oberdürrbach ) was a German Catholic clergyman and university professor .

Life

Adam Joseph Onymus attended grammar school in his hometown (today: Wirsberg grammar school ) and was accepted into the Würzburg clerical seminary in 1770 and ordained a priest on March 29, 1777 ; in the same year he obtained his doctorate phil. and Dr. theol.

He first worked as a chaplain in Hausen and then as a cooperator in Fahr . In 1778 he became chaplain at the Juliusspital in Würzburg and then came to Mainz as court master in the house of Baron von Frankenstein .

In 1782 the prince-bishop of Würzburg Franz Ludwig von Erthal appointed him as subregens to the Würzburg spiritual seminary and he retained this position, although the following year he was extraordinary on May 9, 1783, after Thomas Holtzclaus death, and on October 11, 1783 had been appointed full professor of exegesis and clergyman ; in addition, in 1786 he was awarded the canonical at Neumünster Abbey .

Like the prince abbot , he was a supporter of the Enlightenment and, in the Würzburg scholarly advertisements, came out harshly against the old church school and especially against the cathedral preacher Alois Merz in Augsburg .

The prince-bishop, who placed great trust in him, let him review his pastoral letters , two of which, dealing with education and work, were included in Ludwig Gerhard Wagemann's (1747–1804) Göttingisches Magazin für Industrie und Armenpflege .

On October 11, 1789 he became a real spiritual counselor, rain of the seminary and director of the two grammar schools in Würzburg and Münnerstadt as well as a member of the school commission; As director, he demanded the introduction of gymnastic exercises for the recreation of the students and was thus far ahead of his time.

After 1802, as a result of the secularization , the Bishopric of Würzburg fell to the Electoral Palatinate of Bavaria , and the new government tried to limit the spiritual influence, Onymus these measures were not yet sufficient. As dean he arbitrarily tightened the proposals of the theological faculty and suspected the spiritual seminary of having developed a corps spirit and of being hostile towards the professors. He demanded that the clergy only enter the theological faculty after completing their theological studies, and then only be allowed to remain there for a year; the state should also exercise its influence in the entrance examination. During this time he was appointed to the state board of directors, to which the department for schools and studies in the Lower Main district was entrusted.

When the university was divided into eight sections, of which only the Catholic theological section was not represented in the Senate, he and Franz Berg were allowed to remain in office, while the other professors in the faculty had to resign.

In 1804 he was appointed commissioner for the art treasures that had fallen to the Bavarian state.

When he and Franz Berg then awarded a Protestant theological doctorate in 1805 , this was accepted by the subsequent government of Grand Duke Ferdinand III. from Tuscany the next occasion as an opportunity to carry out a reform in the opposite sense, so that in 1809 the theological faculty was transferred to the spiritual seminary and the previous professors were retired; Only after the return of Bavarian rule was Adam Joseph Onymus reactivated by Maximilian von Montgelas in 1816 and received the chair of dogmatics , but has now already returned to more ecclesiastical paths by publishing two programs in 1818 and 1819 in which he stated the incompatibility explained the Kantian philosophy with religion.

From 1821 to 1824 he was rector of the university.

In 1823 he sent his writings on the conditions of the Catholic Church and the doctrine of the Catholic Church to the newly elected Pope Leo XII. with the request for papal approbation . This was refused as not usual, but as an answer on behalf of the Pope he received a very appreciative letter from the Munich Nunciature dated November 25, 1823, which was printed in the Tübingen Theologische Quartalsschrift (p. 179).

In 1824 he was appointed cathedral dean by King Maximilian I Joseph and then took his leave of his academic teaching post; In 1825 he became vicar general of Bishop Adam Friedrich Groß zu Trockau .

His body was buried in the local cemetery in Oberdürrbach and there is a stele in his honor there.

Parish Church of St. Josef in Oberdürrbach

Through his appointment as commissioner for art treasures, Adam Joseph Onymus was also responsible for the Unterzell monastery . At this point in time he was already considering building a new church after the population of Oberdürrbach asked for it to be held in their town, and therefore kept the interior of the Unterzell monastery church for this church. Even today it is a mystery how he managed to hide the art treasures for so long from the new Bavarian state government in Munich, which would have been very interested in selling them. In 1816/1817 he commissioned the Würzburg state master builder Johann Michael Büttner with the construction of a classicist hall church in Oberdürrbach, into which the magnificent interior of the former Unterzell monastery church was fitted to the centimeter, as well as with the construction of a parsonage belonging to it . In addition, a cemetery was set up. In 1831 he received the parish for Oberdürrbach.

Act as a donor

During his lifetime he set up a foundation worth 11,000 guilders , the interest of which was to support poor children and foster mothers. To support the pastor in Oberdürrbach, he set up a fund and decreed in his will that 3,840 guilders should be used there, and he bequeathed a capital of 421 guilders to the school, from which the teacher's salary should be improved. Half of the proceeds from his library were to be used for the spiritual seminar so that the interest would support the poor students who excel in preaching. The foundation of 11,000 guilders already set up during his lifetime was to be topped up by a further 3,940 guilders. He also decreed that 8,500 guilders should be used for various charitable purposes after the death of his sister.

honors and awards

  • In 1783 he was appointed Spiritual Councilor and in 1789 he was appointed Real Spiritual Councilor.
  • In 1833 Adam Joseph Onymus received the Knight's Cross of the Order of Ludwig .
  • The Dr.-Onymus-Straße in Oberdürrbach was named after him.

Fonts (selection)

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Upper Palatinate (administrative district): Churfürstl. Oberpfälzisches Wochenblat: 1803 . Schleiß, 1803, p. 367 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  2. ↑ Rector's Speeches in the 19th and 20th Centuries - Online Bibliography - Adam Joseph Onymus. Retrieved November 23, 2019 .
  3. ↑ Jochen Kothe: 178-192 intelligence sheet . In: Theological quarterly publication: ThQ . tape 6 , 1824, pp. 178-192 ( digizeitschriften.de [accessed on 23 November 2019]).
  4. ^ City of Wuerzburg: Town Hall | Cemetery management - cemeteries in Würzburg. Retrieved November 23, 2019 .
  5. ↑ The old parish church in Oberdürrbach is 200 years old. June 7, 2017. Retrieved November 23, 2019 .
  6. ↑ General friend of religion and church and church correspondent: a theol. u. churchhist. Zeitschrift . Stahel, 1836 ( google.de [accessed November 23, 2019]).
  7. ↑ Würzburg death note. Retrieved November 23, 2019 .
personal data
SURNAME Onymus, Adam Joseph
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Onymus, Adam Jos .; Onymus, J. Adam; Onymus, Joseph Adam; Onymus, Adam J .; Onymus, Adamus J .; Onymus, Adam Joseph; Onymvs, Adamvs Iosephvs; Onymus, Adamus Josephus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Catholic clergyman and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH March 29, 1754
PLACE OF BIRTH Wurzburg
DATE OF DEATH September 9, 1836
Place of death Oberdürrbach