Joseph Benedikt von Rost

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Joseph Benedikt von Rost (1698–1754), Prince-Bishop of Chur 1729–1754

Baron Joseph Benedikt von Rost (born February 17, 1696 in Vils , Tyrol , † November 12, 1754 in Chur ) was a Roman Catholic bishop of the diocese of Chur .

Life

origin

Joseph Benedict of rust was the son of the couple Maria Jakobea Felizitas contactor Burschitz (contactor to Purschütz, contactor Burschig) and Johann Anton Freiherr von Rost, Imperial Councilor, caregivers of Vils, who as imperial envoy at the three federations on Schloss Rhäzüns resided . His godparents were Count Julius Friedrich von Buccelini , court chancellor in Vienna, and Anna Jakobe von Rost zu Ramschwag.

Free Pürsch in Swabia, where the grandfather's estate in Geislingen was

His maternal grandfather, the imperial major general and commander of Freiburg im Breisgau ( Siege of Freiburg (1677) ), Georg von Schütz zu Purschütz on Geislingen in the Free Pürsch in Swabia, was married to Elisabeth Anna von Hohenberg. In 1686, as a widow, she notarized a contract for the Geislingen estate with her two sons-in-law, two brothers from Rost. One of them was Joseph Benedict's father. Elisabeth Anna Schütz von Purschütz, b. von Hohenberg, was a granddaughter of Margrave Karl von Burgau , son of Archduke Ferdinand II, Count Count of Tyrol , and the patrician Philippine Welser .

Training and work

Joseph Benedikt studied philosophy and theology at the Universities of Vienna and Dillingen an der Donau . His younger brother Leopold of rust (1704-1750) was from 1745 to 1750 Benedictine abbot in St. Mang's Abbey in feet .

Joseph Benedikt von Rost was ordained a priest on June 25, 1720 , before that he was Domsextar in 1713, Cathedral Curator in 1716 and Cathedral Cholaster in 1723 . Bishop Ulrich VII von Federspiel appointed him his vicar general in 1725 . The Gotteshausbund had in 1728 again that he much influence the defeated already in the last election in 1692 Franz Rudolf von Salis-Zizers , suggested now abbot of St. Cross Muren (Hungary) as the new bishop. The cathedral chapter , chaired by the Apostolic Nuncio in Switzerland , Archbishop Domenico Silvio Passionei , elected Joseph Benedikt von Rost as the new Bishop of Chur with eleven to eight votes. Again there were protests of the loser, Pope Benedict XIII. conceded the choice of the chapter and appointed, by virtue of his power of attorney, on March 23, 1729 Joseph Benedikt von Rost as Bishop of Chur. The episcopal ordination donated to him on June 9, 1729 in the Cattedrale San Vigilio , the cathedral of Trient , the Bishop of Trento Anton Dominikus von Wolkenstein-Trostburg . On March 3, 1731 he received from Emperor Charles VI. the imperial regalia. He was now the spiritual prince of the Holy Roman Empire of the German nation .

Bishop Joseph Benedikt von Rost led the negotiations with Emperor Karl VI that his predecessor, Bishop Ulrich von Federspiel had started. on the sale of episcopal sovereignty in Val Müstair comes to an end. This in turn led to tensions with the Three Leagues and the Münstertalers, which resulted in the Church of God not recognizing the bishop until 1733. In laborious renegotiations, the Münstertal were able to buy themselves off in installments, so that this legal transaction could not be completed until 1762. The bishop guaranteed to work for the "preservation of the Catholic faith in the valley" as set out in the contract.

Relations with the city of Chur also remained tense. A fugitive from prison thief granted the Episcopal church asylum . The city reacted by building the glasses gate in front of the gate tower (entrance to the episcopal residence) in order to be able to control access to the courtyard. The demolition of the Brillentor did not take place until 1854 after the court district was incorporated into the city of Chur.

The bishop visited his diocese regularly; only the Vorarlberg government put it off for more than twelve years. The bishop reacted indignantly to the objection of the cost of a pastoral trip; this expense, which he kept as low as possible, was borne by the church, the clergy and not the people. In 1743 he was able to visit Vorarlberg. In 1747 he issued strict rules for the administration of the diocese ( residence obligation for clergy, accounting of the local churches, episcopal consistories ) and the Proprium Curiense and the Rituale Curiense were reissued in 1731/32 .

Bishop Josef Benedikt von Rost had the episcopal residence renovated and the main building redesigned in the Rococo style. In 1739 he called a foundation for the school in Vils with a capital of 2000 guilders "for the preservation of an eternal shoe and a permanent shoe master in Vils".

He died at the age of 58 and was buried in the burial place of the bishops in the south aisle of the Cathedral of St. Mary of the Assumption in Chur.

Episcopal coat of arms

Coat of arms of Prince-Bishop Joseph Benedikt von Rost

The bishop's coat of arms, divided into four, shows in fields 1 and 4 on a white / silver background a black alpine ibex , placed on the right / left, the coat of arms of the Principality of Chur (Association of Gods ); In fields 2 and 3 the Rost family coat of arms is also placed on the right / left. Miter, crosier and sword, the insignia of spiritual and secular power, frame the escutcheon.

literature

Web links

Commons : Joseph Benedikt von Rost  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Karl Gustav von Schulthess-Rechberg, Taler-Cabinet , Volume 2, 1846, p. 43 , also European Genealogical Handbook , 1752, p. 176.
  2. ↑ Joseph S. Kögl, Geschistorisches-topographische Nachrichten , 1831, p. 78.
  3. ↑ Meeting reports of the Imperial Academy of Sciences , p. 199, archive.org
  4. ^ State Archives Sigmaringen, Dep. 38 T1 No. 865.
  5. ^ State Archives Sigmaringen, Dep. 38 T 1 No. 841.
  6. ^ State Archives Sigmaringen, Dep. 36 T3, volume 15 . Geislingen . In: Description of the Oberamt Balingen , Chapter 11.
  7. ^ Elisabeth Anna von Hohenberg. , see. Stammliste Haus Habsburg.
  8. ↑ Biographia Benedictina (Benedictine Biography), version of October 20, 2011
  9. ^ The bishops of the German-speaking countries.
  10. ↑ Josef Benedikt Freiherr von Rost - founder of the city school Vils ( Memento from September 8, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
  11. ^ Albert Fischer: Joseph Benedikt von Rost 1729–1754.
predecessor Office successor
Ulrich VII. Freiherr von Federspiel Bishop of Chur
1729–1754 		Johannes Baptist Anton Freiherr von Federspiel
personal data
SURNAME Rost, Joseph Benedikt von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bishop of Chur
DATE OF BIRTH February 17, 1696
PLACE OF BIRTH Vils , Tyrol
DATE OF DEATH November 12, 1754
Place of death Chur