Swedish calendar

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The Swedish calendar , which was in use from March 1, 1700 to February 30, 1712, corresponded to the Julian calendar with a difference of one day.

In November 1699, Charles XII decided . to introduce the Gregorian calendar in Sweden with the year 1700. However, they did not want to skip the entire difference of eleven days, as had already happened in some other countries, but rather skip the leap day in the next eleven leap years and thus use the Gregorian calendar on March 1, 1740.

30 days in February

Page from the Swedish calendar for the year 1712 - February 30th is recorded in the lower right corner

According to the plan, the leap day was omitted in 1700, but no days were skipped in the following leap years (1704 and 1708). In January 1711, Charles XII decided to abandon the Swedish calendar, as it was not used in any other nation, and reverted to the old calendar. In 1712, a leap year, another leap day was added to February 29th, so that February 1712 now had 30 days ( see: February 30th ).

Transition to the Gregorian calendar

From March 1, 1712, the Julian calendar was in effect again. As before, the date of Easter was determined using the Julian calendar. In 1740, at the suggestion of Celsius , Sweden introduced the astronomical determination of Easter as in the improved calendar by Weigel ( Rudolfinische Tafeln , reference longitude of the Tychonic observatory Uraniborg on the island of Ven ). In 1753 Sweden carried out another calendar reform, immediately following February 17th with March 1st. This meant that the Gregorian calendar was actually valid (except for the Easter calculation), but Sweden did not accept the Gregorian rules for calculating the Easter date until 1844 . Ginzel presents the complicated situation and the deviations in the Easter dates in detail.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Otto Haintz : King Karl XII. von Schweden, Volume 1. De Gruyter, Hamburg 1958. S. XI.
  2. ↑ a b Friedrich Karl Ginzel: Handbook of mathematical and technical chronology, Volume 3: Calculation of the time of the Macedonians, Asia Minor and Syrians, the Germanic peoples and Celts, the Middle Ages, the Byzantines (and Russians), Armenians, Copts, Abyssinians, time calculation of modern times , as well as supplements to the three volumes. Ed .: Hinrichs. tape 3 . Leipzig 1914, p. 275-276 .
  3. ↑ Friedrich Karl Ginzel: Volume 3: Calculation of the time of the Macedonians, Asia Minor and Syrians, the Teutons and Celts, the Middle Ages, the Byzantines (and Russians), Armenians, Copts, Abyssinians, the calculation of modern times, as well as additions to the three volumes. Ed .: Hinrichs. tape 3 . Hinrichs, Leipzig 1914, p. 272 .