Ahmad al-Ahsā'ī

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Sheikh Ahmad al-Ahsa'i

Sheikh Ahmad al-Ahsa'i ( Arabic شيخ أحمد بن زين الدين بن إبراهيم الأحسائي Sheikh Ahmad ibn Zayn al-Dīn ibn Ibrāhīm al-Ahsā'ī , * 1753 in al-Hasa , Ottoman Empire ; † 1826 ) was the founder of Sheikhism , a subgroup of the Twelve Shia in the Ottoman Empire and Persia . He studied in Bahrain and the theological centers of Najaf and Karbala in Iraq . For the last twenty years of his life he was supported by the prince of the Persian Qajar dynasty.

Life

All that is known about al-Ahsa'i's early years and origins is that he came from a Sunni family with a Shiite background who lived in the northern Arab region of al-Hasa.

Al-Ahsa'is began studying at the age of about 40 in the religious centers of Najaf and Karbala , where he achieved sufficient recognition and was made a mujtahid , an interpreter of Islamic law . In discussions with Sufis and Neoplatonic scholars, he was able to assert himself and was thus recognized. He stated that these are all sciences within the framework of the Koran , and that the Koran contains all of human knowledge. For this purpose, he developed a system for interpreting the Koran and tried to find out more about current scientific topics in the Muslim world. His views were valued by some of the clerics with whom he debated prior to his trip to Yazd . During his stay in Yazd he wrote a large part of his books and letters.

As his successor he appointed Sayyid Kāzim Rashti , who led Sheikhism until shortly before his death.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Nabíl-i-Zarandí: The Dawn-Breakers: Nabíl's Narrative . Bahá'í Publishing Trust, Wilmette, Illinois, USA 1932, ISBN 0-900125-22-5 , pp. 2 ( online ).
  2. ↑ Nabíl-i-Zarandí: The Dawn-Breakers: Nabíl's Narrative . Bahá'í Publishing Trust, Wilmette, Illinois, USA 1932, ISBN 0-900125-22-5 , pp. 7 ( online ).

literature

From Ahmad al-Ahsa'i

  • Sharh al-Fawa'id . Lithograph. NP (Tabriz: 1856).
  • Jawami 'al-Kalim . Lithograph. NP (Tabriz: 1856-59).
  • Sharh al-Masha'ir . Lithograph. NP (Tehran: 1861).
  • Sharh al-'Arshiyya . Lithograph. NP (Tehran: 1861).
  • Sharh al-Ziyara al-Jami'a al-Kabira . Chapkhaneh Sa'adat (Kirman: 1972), 4 volumes.
  • Rasa'il al-Hikma . Al-Da'ira al-'Alamiyya (Beirut: 1993).

About Ahmad al-Ahsa'i

  • ALM Nicolas. Essai sur le cheikhisme . Paul Geuthner (Paris: 1910), 2nd edition.
  • Henry Corbin . L'ecole Shaykhie en Theologie Shi`ite . Taban (Tehran: 1967).
  • Henry Corbin. En islam irania . Galimard (Paris: 1972), 4th edition.
  • Vahid Rafati. The Development of Shaykhi Thought in Shi`i Islam . (Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, 1979).
  • Denis Maceoin. SV Ahsa'i, Shaikh Ahmad b. Zayn al-Din , in Encyclopaedia Iranica , 3rd edition. - (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1983 -).
  • Juan Cole. " The World as Text: Cosmologies of Shaykh Ahmad al-Ahsa'i ," in Studia Islamica , No. 80. (1994), pp. 145-163.
  • Idris Samawi Hamid. The Metaphysics and Cosmology of Process According to Shaykh Ahmad al-Ahsa'i . (Ph.D. dissertation: State University of New York at Buffalo, 1998).
  • Mohammad Ali Amir-Moezzi . " Une absence remplie de présences. Herméneutiques de l'occultation chez les Shaykhiyya (Aspects de l'imamologie duodécimaine VII) ," in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 64th edition, no. 1. (2001), pp. 1-18.
  • Henry Corbin: Spiritual Body and Celestial Earth: From Mazdean Iran to Shi'ite Iran . In: Bollingen Series XCI: 2. Princeton University Press (translated by Nancy Pearson).

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Ahmad al-Ahsā'ī
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sheikh Ahmad ibn Zayn al-Dīn ibn Ibrāhīm al-Ahsā'ī
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Founder of Sheikhism
DATE OF BIRTH 1753
PLACE OF BIRTH al-Hasa , Ottoman Empire
DATE OF DEATH 1826