Margaret of Italy
Margarethe Maria Therese Johanna (Italian: Margherita Maria Teresa Giovanna di Savoia; born November 20, 1851 in Turin , † January 4, 1926 in Bordighera ) was Queen of Italy .
Origin, marriage, politics, interests
Margarethe was the daughter of Prince Ferdinand of Savoy , 1st Duke of Genoa (1822–1855) and the Saxon royal princess Elisabeth (1830–1912).
She married her cousin , then Crown Prince of Italy, Umberto I , in Turin on April 22, 1868 , who ascended the throne in 1878. She was the mother of the Crown Prince and later King Viktor Emanuel III. from Italy . Umberto I fell victim to an assassination attempt by an anarchist in 1900 . After his death, she lived in the Palazzo Margherita in Rome.
Margarethe was nationalist, conservative and anti-parliamentary and deeply religious. She supported the rise of Benito Mussolini . However, she refused Italy's entry into the war on the side of the Allies in 1914, probably because her mother was a German princess.
She was a generous patroness of the arts. The Italian poet Giosuè Carducci dedicated a well-known ode to her in 1878. In Gressoney , where she had the Castel Savoia castle built for her summer stays , she - a half-German - promoted the interests of the local German-speaking residents.
Margarethe showed great interest in aviation . In 1908 she traveled to France to watch the first flight demonstrations in Europe by Wilbur Wright at Le Mans , who was there as a guest of Léon Bollée . Around the same time, she donated an allegorical airship prize that featured a baroque balloon .
Margarethe was related to St. Elisabeth of Thuringia . Since she spent the last three years of her life in Marburg after her marriage to the Landgrave of Thuringia , the Italian queen visited the region in 1897. Since she liked the soldiers of the Marburg garrison who came to greet her and she informed Kaiser Wilhelm II of this , the German Emperor appointed the Italian Queen to head the 11 Prussian Jagerbataalion in Marburg, the former 11th Kurhessian Jäger Battalion . Since then, the Marburg hunters have worn the Italian crown and a capital M for "Margarethe" on their epaulets as a special sign of appreciation .
Trivia
- The pizza margherita bears the name of the queen.
- A variant of the Panforte pastry was dedicated to Margarethe on the occasion of her visit to Siena; it is still called Panforte Margherita today.
- The alpine refuge Capanna Regina Margherita on the Signalkuppe and Punta Margherita, one of the peaks of the Grandes Jorasses in the Mont-Blanc group , are named after Queen Margherita .
- The highest peak of the Ruwenzori Mountains in Africa , Margherita Peak , also bears her name.
- There is a romantic theory for the name of the company color "celeste" of the bicycle manufacturer Bianchi . Edoardo Bianchi is said to have taught his queen to cycle. So he used the blue of her eye color as the basis of the celeste hue .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Margaret of Savoy (1851-1926), in: Anne Commire (Ed.): Women in World History, Vol. 10 (2001), p. 277.
- ^ Paul Zinsli : Walser Volkstum in Switzerland, Vorarlberg, Liechtenstein and Piedmont. Heritage, existence, essence. Huber, Fraufeld / Stuttgart 1968 (and several new editions), p. 280 f.
- ↑ Stanley W. Kandebo and Dawne Dewey: Wilbur Wright's Flights in France: Leon Bollee's Photographic Record 1908-1909. Editorial Review on Amazon.com , accessed September 24, 2017.
- ↑ An illustration of the price can be found in the book Wir Luftschiffer von Bröckelmann (Ullstein, Vienna 1909) on page 154.
| predecessor | Office | Successor |
|---|---|---|
| Adelheid of Austria | Queen of Italy 1878–1900 |
Elena of Montenegro |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Margaret of Italy |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Johanna, Margarethe Maria Therese; Savoia, Margherita Maria Teresa Giovanna di |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Queen of Italy |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 20, 1851 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Turin |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 4, 1926 |
| Place of death | Bordighera |