October
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Historic anniversaries September · October · November |
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| Names for October | |
| earlier: | Gilbhart, Gilbhard, wine moon, wine month, second autumn moon |
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| Lat. Nom .: | October / 8ber / VIIIber |
| Lat. Gene. : | Octobris / 8bris / VIIIbris |
The October is the tenth month of the year in the Gregorian calendar . He has 31 days . In the Middle Ages, October was considered a holy month in which people preferred to marry; Kings also usually marry in October. In the countries in which the time is changed from summer time to standard time in October, October is the longest month of the year. Except in leap years , October begins on the same day of the week as January .
The name
The Romans called their eighth month of the year mensis october ( Latin octo = eight). Although the month after the Julian calendar reform 46 BC BC was moved to the tenth place, it stayed with its Roman name. This is sometimes overlooked when transferring previously used Latin dates (“ 10ber ” & “8ber”). During the reign of Emperor Tiberius , the Senate suggested that October be renamed Livy after his mother Livia Drusilla , but the emperor refused to avoid having to accept equality with his mother. During the reign of Emperor Domitian , the month was then renamed Domitianus , which, unlike July and August, did not prevail. At the beginning of the reign of Antoninus Pius , the Senate again proposed that October be renamed Faustinus after the name of his wife Annia Galeria Faustina , but the emperor refused. Under Emperor Commodus , the month was then called Hercule (u) s , after the Greek demigod Heracles , and this renaming was also reversed after the emperor's death.
Other old German names are wine month - this name should already by Charlemagne in the 8th century have been introduced and has the start of the vintage and the other wine processing through - or the old German name Gilbhart , composed gilb for the yellowing of the leaves and hard compounded for a lot. In general, it is often referred to as Golden October because of the beginning of the discoloration of the leaves . In the hunter's language , October is also called badger moon.
Special holidays and celebrations in German-speaking countries
- Light blue Monday was celebrated in Bavaria on the first Monday after Michaelis (29.9), as the craftsmen had to work in their rooms again when the light was on. Most of the time, the masters released the apprentices on that day.
- Oktoberfest On the first Sunday in October, the world's largest folk festival comes to an end on Munich's Theresienwiese. It was first celebrated on October 12, 1810. Crown Prince Ludwig, who later became King Ludwig I of Bavaria , married Therese von Sachsen-Hildburghausen on this day.
- Day of German Unity (October 3rd) This day commemorates the unification of the former GDR with the Federal Republic of Germany in 1990 and replaced June 17th as a day of remembrance.
- Thanksgiving (first Sunday in October) In the churches, the harvest income is blessed.
- Feast of the Rosary (October 7th) In 1573 Pope Gregory XIII. set up this festival as a reminder of the naval battle of Lepanto , where a Christian fleetdestroyedthe Ottoman ships- allegedly with the help of rosary prayers , but in truth more likely with the help of a new type of ship, the galeas , and the naval battle tactics made possible by them.
- Kirchweih There are also church days on the day of the consecration of the respective church or on the general (Bavarian) church day, which is the third Sunday in October.
- National holiday (Austria) (October 26th) October 26th, 1955, is commemorated when, for the first time after the signing of the State Treaty, no foreign troops were allowed to stand on Austrian soil.
- Reformation Day (October 31) It commemoratesthe posting ofthe 95 theses onthe church's indulgence practice on the cathedral gate in Wittenberg by Martin Luther and thus the beginning of the Reformation .
- Halloween (October 31st)
Zodiac signs
In October are the zodiac signs Libra (September 24th to October 23rd) and Scorpio (October 24th to November 22nd).
See also
Web links
- October, October. In: Jacob Grimm , Wilhelm Grimm (Hrsg.): German dictionary . tape 13 : N, O, P, Q - (VII). S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1889, Sp. 1141 ( woerterbuchnetz.de ).
Remarks
- ↑ Suetonius, Tiberius 26.2 .
- ↑ History of the Roman Empire: From Augustus to Constantine
- ↑ Manfred Clauss : Emperor and God: Rulers Cult in the Roman Empire . Munich: KG Saur Verlag GmbH, night printing of the 1st edition 2001, p. 241 restricted preview )
- ↑ Manfred Clauss : Emperor and God: Rulers Cult in the Roman Empire . Munich: KG Saur Verlag GmbH, night printing of the 1st edition 2001, p. 241 ( limited preview
- ↑ heiligenlexikon.de