Charles Plumier

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The engraving by J. Blanchouise is the only known portrait of Plumier

Charles Plumier (born April 20, 1646 in Marseille , † November 20, 1704 in Santa Maria near Cádiz ) was a French botanist . Its official botanical author abbreviation is “ Plum. "

Live and act

Plumier had been a member of the Paulaner religious order since he was 16 years old . In his function there, he not only got the opportunity to study mathematics and later botany in Rome , but also met people who at the time had extensive knowledge in the field of botany . Among the most influential of his acquaintances, whom he met on his return to France, was the botanist Joseph Pitton de Tournefort . In France he also published his first large herbarium . The French King Louis XIV commissioned him with the first three major research trips to Mexico and the Caribbean. He stayed there in 1689, 1693 and 1695. The third trip took him to Brazil and the islands of Guadeloupe , Martinique and Santo Domingo . The French explorer and botanist Louis Feuillée was one of his students.

Plumier brought back many new plants from over 100 new genera from his travels. For example, he discovered the fuchsia and the begonia on Santo Domingo and named them like the genera Bauhinia , Lobelia , Magnolia and others after well-known personalities.

He left 6,000 drawings, of which around 4,300 are depictions of plants.

Honors

Joseph Pitton de Tournefort named the genus Plumeria of the plant family of the dog poison plants (Apocynaceae) in his honor . Carl von Linné later took over this name.

Fonts

  • Description of the plantes de l'Amérique . Paris 1693.
  • L'Art de tourner . Lyon 1701.
  • Nova plantarum Americanarum genera . Paris 1703.
  • Traite de fougères de l'Amerique . Paris 1705.

literature

  • Georges Cremers, Cécile Aupic: Spécimens de Charles Plumier déposés à Paris dans les collections de ptéridophytes américains de Tournefort, Vaillant, Danty d'Isnard et Jussieu . In: Adansonia . Volume 29, number 2, 2007, pp. 159-193 ( PDF; 6.8 MB ).
  • Rosa Rankin Rodrigez, Werner Greuter: Charles Plumier's drawings of American plants and the nomenclatur of early Caribbean Aristolochia species (Aristolochiaceae) . In: Taxon . Volume 48, 1999, pp. 677-687 ( JSTOR ).
  • Ignaz Urban : Charles Plumier's life and writings, along with a key to his flowering plants . Verlag des Repertoriums, Dahlem 1920.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .
  2. ^ Joseph Pitton de Tournefort : Institutiones rei herbariae . Volume 1, p. 659
  3. ^ Carl von Linné: Critica Botanica Leiden 1737, p. 94
  4. ↑ Carl von Linné: Genera Plantarum . Leiden 1742, p. 94

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Plumier, Charles
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French botanist and explorer
DATE OF BIRTH April 20, 1646
PLACE OF BIRTH Marseille
DATE OF DEATH November 20, 1704
Place of death Santa Maria near Cádiz