David Bruce

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Sir David Bruce

Sir David Bruce (born May 29, 1855 in Melbourne , † November 27, 1931 in London ) was an Australian-English doctor and microbiologist .

Life

He studied science and medicine in Edinburgh (Scotland) from 1876 to 1881 . Joined the British Army in 1883 as a military doctor , he was first transferred to Egypt and then to the then British possession of Malta . There he studied the day after him as brucellosis named Malta fever . Together with Themistocles Żammit in 1887 he discovered and described the pathogen ( Brucella melitensis ) of this zoonosis as the rod-shaped bacteria of the Brucella . In 1905 he described its transmission route.

Later he also succeeded in discovering the causative agent of the bovine disease Nagana , Trypanosoma brucei , and he also carried out epidemiological research on sleeping sickness transmitted by tsetse flies in Africa. His discovery, namely that of the aetiology of sleeping sickness (" The presence of trypanosoma in sleeping sickness "), he had to share with Aldo Castellani in 1903 after pronounced scientific disputes .

It was around 1894 that it was first discovered that an insect transmits pathological protozoa .

In 1908 he was knighted as a Knight Bachelor and in 1918 made Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath .

From 1914 to 1919 he was the commandant of the Royal Army Medical College .

In 1922 Bruce was awarded the Buchanan Medal of the Royal Society , of which he had been a member since 1899. In 1927 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh . Since December 16, 1931, he was a corresponding member of the Académie des sciences .

See also

literature

  • Ralf Vollmuth : Bruce, Sir David. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 214 f.
  • Paul de Kruif : David Bruce. On the trail of the tse-tse fly. In: Paul de Kruif: Microbe hunters. (Original edition: Microbe Hunters. Harcourt, Brace & Co., New York 1926) Orell Füssli Verlag, Zurich / Leipzig 1927; 8th edition ibid 1940, pp. 242-267.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Sir D. Bruce dies as wife is buried. In: The New York Times. November 28, 1931, p. 17.
  2. ^ Ralf Vollmuth: Bruce, Sir David. 2005, p. 214.
  3. ^ A b Wolfgang U. Eckart : Bruce, (Sir) David , in: Wolfgang U. Eckart and Christoph Gradmann (eds.): Ärztelexikon. From antiquity to the 20th century , 1st edition 1995 CH Beck Munich p. 80, medical dictionary. From antiquity to the present , 2nd edition 2001, p. 65, 3rd edition 2006 Springer Verlag Heidelberg, Berlin, New York p. 67., doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-540-29585-3 .
  4. ^ Ralf Vollmuth: Bruce, Sir David. 2005, p. 214.
  5. ↑ Knights and Dames: BED-BUG at Leigh Rayment's Peerage
  6. ^ Ralf Vollmuth: Bruces, Sir David. 2005, p. 214.
  7. ^ Fellows Directory. Biographical Index: Former RSE Fellows 1783–2002. Royal Society of Edinburgh, accessed October 13, 2019 .
  8. ↑ Directory of members since 1666: letter B. Académie der sciences, accessed on September 29, 2019 (French).

Web links

Commons : David Bruce  - album with pictures, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Bruce, David
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Australian-English doctor and parasitologist
DATE OF BIRTH May 29, 1855
PLACE OF BIRTH Melbourne
DATE OF DEATH November 27, 1931
Place of death London