20-N

The abbreviation 20-N is used as an abbreviation for November 20 in Spain to refer to two dates in Spanish history, with which the beginning and end of the Francoist system can be outlined:

• the execution of the leader of the Spanish fascist party Falange Española de las JONS , José Antonio Primo de Rivera , by the republican party in the Spanish Civil War , which took place on November 20, 1936. This date was followed on the Spanish national side by the synchronization of the Falange by Francisco Franco , who made Primo de Rivera a martyr of the regime. In French-speaking Spain, this day was celebrated annually as Día de Dolor , the day of pain. After the Spanish national side had always denied the legality of the proceedings leading to the death sentence, this side always spoke of the murder of Primo de Rivera.
• the official death of the Spanish dictator Francisco Franco on November 20, 1975. On this day, the life-support machines were switched off, while the electroencephalogram had not shown any life for days.

Franquist followers still celebrate 20-N today. A preferred place is the Valle de los Caídos , the burial place Primo de Riveras junior and, until October 24, 2019, Franco's as well.

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• El 20-N saca los símbolos a la calle , Javier Sanchez del Moral, El País , 23 November 2008, on clashes between supporters and opponents of Franco on November 20