Southeast Asia Treaty Organization

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Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
SEATO

Flag of the SEATO

Member states of SEATO
German name Organization of the Southeast Asia Treaty
English name Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
Organization type Military cooperation
Seat of the organs Bangkok
founding

September 8, 1954

resolution

June 30, 1977

holiday September 8th (SEATO Day)
 

The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization ( SEATO for short ; German about 'Organization of the Southeast Asia Treaty ', also Manila Pact ) was an international organization that existed from 1954 to 1977 .

history

After the Geneva Indochina Conference of 1954, which resulted in France's withdrawal from Indochina and the partition of Vietnam , SEATO was founded on September 8, 1954 in Manila under the leadership of the United States as the “Pacific counterpart to NATO ”, with the aim in mind by domino theory and containment policy the spread of communism in Southeast Asia curb. Thailand and the Philippines joined the alliance because the governments of these two countries felt most threatened by the growing influence of communism. France, the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand wanted to protect their interests in Southeast Asia by joining SEATO.

Cambodia , Laos and South Vietnam were under the protection of SEATO without being members themselves. They could not join SEATO because they were forbidden to do so under the agreements of the Indochina Conference.

The alliance therefore supported the USA in the Vietnam War ; smaller troop contingents from Australia, New Zealand, Thailand and the Philippines were stationed in Vietnam. The alliance barely lived up to the expectations cherished by the US, as only Thailand supported the US intervention in Indochina to the extent desired. After the US withdrawal from Vietnam in 1973, SEATO was viewed as superfluous and dissolved by mutual agreement on June 30, 1977.

Member states

Meeting of the heads of state and government of the SEATO countries in Manila 1966

Protocol states

General Secretaries

See also

literature

  • Alexandr Location: NATO, CENTO, SEATO, OAS. Imperialist pact systems . Dietz, Berlin 1964.
  • Kai Dreisbach: USA and ASEAN. American Foreign Policy and Regional Cooperation in Southeast Asia from the Vietnam War to the Asian Crisis . WVT Wissenschaftlicher Verlag Trier, Trier 2004, ISBN 3-88476-656-2 .
  • Leszek Buszynski. SEATO. The Failure of an Alliance Strategy . Singapore University Press, Singapore 1983, ISBN 978-9971-69-061-8 .
  • John K. Franklin: The Hollow Pact. Pacific Security and the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization . ProQuest, Fort Worth 2006, ISBN 978-0-542-91563-5 ( PDF file; 0.6 MB ).
  • John Grenville, Bernard Wasserstein: The Major International Treaties of the Twentieth Century. A History and Guide with Texts. Routledge, London / New York 2001, ISBN 978-0-415-14125-3 .
  • Christoph Seidler: The SEATO . Term paper, Dresden 2004 ( PDF file; 0.3 MB ( memento from October 26, 2009 on WebCite )).

Web links

Commons : Southeast Asia Treaty Organization  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c worldstatesmen.org
  2. ↑ Friedrich Ruge: Alliances in the past and present with special consideration of the UN, NATO, the EEC and the Warsaw Pact. Bernard & Graefe Publishing House for Defense, Frankfurt a. M. 1971, p. 153.
  3. ^ A b Arno Kohl: Domino theory and American policy on Vietnam 1954–1961. A case study on the role of models in international politics . Freiburg im Breisgau 2001, p. 91 ( PDF file; 3.9 MB - inaugural dissertation to obtain a doctorate from the Philosophical Faculties of the Albert Ludwig University ).
  4. ↑ a b c Karl Julius Ploetz (Ed.): The great Ploetz. The data encyclopedia of world history. Data, facts, connections . Herder, Freiburg 1998, ISBN 978-3-87640-384-7 , p. 1755.
  5. ↑ Additional protocol to the Manila Pact