Bernardo Pasquini

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Bernardo Pasquini

Bernardo Pasquini (* 7. December 1637 in Massa in Val di Nievole (Tuscany); † 21 or 22. November 1710 in Rome ) was an Italian organist , harpsichordist , and composer of the Baroque .

Life

Bernardo Pasquini received his first lessons from Mariotto Bocciantini . From 1650 he lived with an uncle who was a priest in Ferrara and received further lessons from local musicians. From the beginning of 1654 to November 1655 he was organist at the Accademia della morte in Ferrara. Then he settled in Rome. He was organist at various Roman churches, including Santa Maria in Vallicella ( Chiesa Nuova , 1657–1664), Santa Maria Maggiore (1664 to 1704) and S. Maria in Aracoeli (1664–1710). In 1664 he traveled to France to the court of Louis XIV in the entourage of Cardinal Flavio Chigi .

From November 1667 Pasquini was in the service of Prince Giovan Battista Borghese, Principe di Sulmona, and from 1693 in the service of his son Marcantonio. He also lived in an apartment with three rooms and a kitchen on the third floor of the Palace of the Princely House in front of the Palazzo Borghese .

Between 1672 and 1694 Pasquini composed numerous operas , oratorios , serenatas and cantatas for other representatives of the Roman high nobility, including the princes Chigi, Colonna and Rospigliosi, and the cardinals Flavio Chigi , Benedetto Pamphilj and Pietro Ottoboni and Queen Christina of Sweden , in their honor his operas L'amor per vendetta ovvero l'Alcasta (1673) and Il Lisimaco (1681) were performed. On this and other occasions he worked with Arcangelo Corelli . Pasquini also worked for the oratorio Santissimo Crocifisso and for the Roman theaters of Capranica and Tordinona. His cantatas, oratorios and 14 operas were very successful: together with Alessandro Melani , Alessandro Stradella and Alessandro Scarlatti, he is considered the most important opera and oratorio composer of the 1670s to 1690s in Rome.

During Alessandro Scarlatti's second stay in Rome (1703 to 1708), Pasquini and Arcangelo Corelli often worked on performances with him, all three of them were accepted into the Accademia dell'Arcadia on April 26, 1706 .

Andrea Pozzo : Portrait of Bernardo Pasquinis, from the composer's former possession. Today in: Florence, Conservatorio Statale di Musica "Luigi Cherubini"

Pasquini was a famous harpsichordist and sought-after teacher. His students included Giuseppe Fabbrini , Floriano Arresti , Tommaso Bernardo Gaffi , Johann Philipp Krieger , Georg Muffat , Johann Georg Christian Störl , Franz Jakob Horneck, and probably Ferdinand Tobias Richter and Carlo Domenico Draghi; also his nephew Felice Bernardo Ricordati, with whom he lived during the last decades of his life.
Pasquini is considered the most important Italian composer of keyboard music between Girolamo Frescobaldi and Domenico Scarlatti . In addition to polyphonic works such as Ricercari , Canzonen, etc., he mainly composed toccatas , suites , variations and partitas . For a long time he was considered the first and only one to compose suites in Italy; However, as far as we know today, these stand in a line of tradition with Frescobaldi's Balletti (1637) and instrumental works by Maurizio Cazzati , Giovanni Battista Vitali , Giovanni Maria Bononcini and Arcangelo Corelli. His 28 sonatas for basso continuo are unique, 14 of which are for solo harpsichord and 14 for two keyboard instruments. Most of Pasquini's keyboard music has come down to us in manuscripts that were written between approx. 1690 and 1707 and are now in Berlin and London.

After his death in 1710, Pasquini owned five keyboard instruments: two harpsichords with two registers (presumably 8 ', 8'), a "spinetta" , a "spinettina piccola" (presumably a 4 '), and a "spinettone" (large spinet, possibly with 8 ', 4'). He also owned a portrait of Andrea Pozzo showing Pasquini in a canary-yellow robe with a turban playing on a spinet (today in: Florence, Conservatorio Statale di Musica “Luigi Cherubini”).

The composer was buried in the church of San Lorenzo in Lucina , in Rome. His grave monument with a marble bust (1713) was created by Pietro Papaleo on behalf of Pasquini's nephew Felice Bernardo Ricordati and has been preserved to this day.

Works (selection)

Operas

  • La sincerità con la sincerità ovvero il Tirinto (1672)
  • L'amor per vendetta ovvero l'Alcasta (1673)
  • La donna ancora è fedele (1676)
  • Trespolo tutors (1677)
  • La forza dell'amore (before 1679)
  • Dov'è amore è pietà (Ipermestra) (1679)
  • Idalma ovvero chi la dura la vince (1680)
  • Il Sidonio ovvero il raro esempio di costanza e fede (1680)
  • Il Lisimaco (1681)
  • La Tessalonica (1683)
  • Arianna (1685)
  • Il silentio d'Arpocrate (1686)
  • Santa Dimna figlia del re d'Irlanda (1687, only act II; act I by Alessandro Melani; act III by Alessandro Scarlatti)
  • I giochi troiani (1688)
  • La caduta del regno delle Amazzoni (1690)
  • Alessio (1690)
  • Il Colombo overo l'India scoperta (1690)
  • Eudossia (1692)

Oratorios

  • Caino e Abele (1671)
  • Agar (1675)
  • Assuero (1675)
  • Sant'Alessio (1675)
  • Santa Agnese (1677)
  • Divae Clarae triumphus (1682)
  • L'idolatria di Salomone (1686)
  • I fatti di Mosè nel deserto (1687)
  • Il martirio dei santi Vito, Modesto e Crescenzia (1687)
  • La purità trionfante overo Martiniano il santo (1688, together with GL Lulier , TB Gaffi , G. Ercole, L. Amadori)
  • La sete di Cristo (1689)
  • La caduta di Salomone (1693)
  • Davide trionfante contro Goliath (1694)
  • S. Maria di Soria (1694)

Cantatas and Ä.

In addition there are about 70 handwritten cantatas; 50 of them for a part with basso continuo (41 for soprano, 2 for mezzo-soprano, one for tenor and 6 for bass); three cantatas "a 2 voci " and two "a 3 voci ". Two of the solo cantatas are " con strumenti " ("with instruments") and two are "a 2 voci con strumenti ". Some dialogue cantatas are of larger dimensions:

  • Erminia in riva del Giordano , for 4 voices with instruments (ca.1672, text by Benedetto Pamphilj)
  • the Serenata Applauso musicale per il giorno festivo della chiarissima reale maestà di Maria Luigia , for 5 voices with instruments (1688)
  • the Cantata a 5 in lode di san Filippo Neri ("Fermate onde del Tebro")
  • and the “cantata musicale” Il colosso della costanza for 4 voices and instruments (performed in the Roman Seminario in Rome, 1689; music lost).

Discography (selection)

  • Caino e Abele, “oratorio a 5 con strumenti” (1671). Andreana Galante, Nadia Ragni, Claudio Cavina, Gianpaolo Fagotto, Furio Zanasi, Il Teatro Armonico, direction: Alessandro De Marchi , 1990, Symphonia SY90S01
  • Santa Agnese, “oratorio” (1677). Consortium Carissimi, led by Vittorio Zanon, 2003, Pierre Verany PV703051
  • Sonata a due cimbali (1704). Attilio Cremonesi, Alessandro De Marchi, 1992, Symphonia SY91S06
  • Sonata per gravicembalo (1702). Rinaldo Alessandrini , 1991, Astrée E8726
  • Sonata per gravicembalo. Roberto Loreggian, 2003, Chandos
  • Bernardo Pasquini - Suites and Variations. Lydia Maria Blank (harpsichord), 2015, Etcetera (KTC 1532)
  • Variationi e Partite (1702). Silvia Rambaldi (harpsichord), 1998, Tactus TC 631801
  • Organ Works. Ennio Cominetti (organo storico di S. Maria delle Grazie a Montepulciano), 1997, MDG 6060646-2
  • Bernardo Pasquini, Opere per Organo e Clavicembalo. Lorenzo Ghielmi , 1990, Nuova Era 6890
  • Passion cantatas: Hor ch'il Ciel fra densi horrori; Padre, Signore e Dio. Sharon Rostorf-Zamir , Furio Zanasi , Capella Tiberina, direction: Giovanni Caruso, 2010, Brilliant Classics
  • Mottetti a voce sola e composizioni per organo , Ensemble Alea Musica, conductor and organ: Alexandra Nigito, 2009, Tactus TC 631802
  • La sete di Christo , "oratorio a 4 con strumenti", Concerto romano, conductor: Alessandro Quarta, 2015, Christophorus 77398

literature

  • Patrizio Barbieri: Harpsichords and spinets in late Baroque Rome. In: Early Music XL-1 , February 2012
  • Patrizio Barbieri: I cembalari della Roma di Bernardo Pasquini: un censimento, con aggiornamenti sui loro strumenti. In: Atti Pasquini Symposium 2010 ( Quaderni Trentino Cultura, Cultura per il territorio, Atti 17 ), a cura di Armando Carideo, Trento Giunta della Provincia autonoma di Trento, 2012, pp. 139–153 (here p. 139)
  • Alfred Baumgartner: Propylaea World of Music - The Composers - A lexicon in five volumes . tape 4 . Propylaen Verlag, Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-549-07830-7 , pp. 265-266 .
  • Brockhaus-Riemann music lexicon. Schott Music International. Digital Library, Volume 38, p. 7847 (see BRM Vol. 3, p. 274)
  • Armando Carideo (ed.): Atti Pasquini Symposium 2010 ( Quaderni Trentino Cultura, Cultura per il territorio, Atti 17 ), a cura di A. Carideo, Trento Giunta della Provincia autonoma di Trento, 2012
  • J. Harper / L. Lindgren: Pasquini, Bernardo. In: Stanley Sadie (Ed.): The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. London, 2001, pp. 187-190.
  • Arnaldo Morelli:  Pasquini, Bernardo. In: Ludwig Finscher (Hrsg.): The music in past and present . Second edition, personal section, volume 13 (Paladilhe - Ribera). Bärenreiter / Metzler, Kassel et al. 2005, ISBN 3-7618-1133-0 , Sp. 168–171 ( online edition , subscription required for full access).
  • Roberto Pancheri: Contributo all 'iconografia di Bernardo Pasquini. In: Atti Pasquini Symposium 2010 (see above under Carideo, Armando ), pp. 51–65
  • Arnaldo Morelli, Bernardo Pasquini and his portraits: from their origins to the present , in: Music in art XXXIX / 1–2, 2014, pp. 201–214
  • Arnaldo Morelli: La virtù in corte. Bernardo Pasquini (1637-1710) , Lucca, 2016.
  • Arnaldo Morelli:  Pasquini, Bernardo. In: Raffaele Romanelli (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 81:  Pansini – Pazienza. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 2014.

Sheet music editions

  • Bernardo Pasquini, Opere per tastiera - Vol. I - VII (7 vols.), A cura di (ed. By) Armando Carideo, Colledara: Andromeda Editrice, 2002–2004; and Latina: Il Levante Libreria Editrice, 2006.
  • Bernardo Pasquini, Le cantate , a cura di (ed. By) Alexandra Nigito, Turnhout, Brepols, 2012.

Web links

Commons : Bernardo Pasquini  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Arnaldo Morelli:  Pasquini, Bernardo. In: Raffaele Romanelli (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 81:  Pansini – Pazienza. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 2014.
  2. ^ A b c Arnaldo Morelli:  Pasquini, Bernardo. In: Ludwig Finscher (Hrsg.): The music in past and present . Second edition, personal section, volume 13 (Paladilhe - Ribera). Bärenreiter / Metzler, Kassel et al. 2005, ISBN 3-7618-1133-0 , Sp. 168–171 ( online edition , subscription required for full access).
  3. ↑ John Harper, Lowell Lindgren:  Pasquini, Bernardo. In: Grove Music Online (English; subscription required).
  4. ^ A. Morelli, La virtu in corte. Bernardo Pasquini (1637-1710) , Lucca, 2016, pp. 97-98, 333.
  5. ^ J. Harper, L. Lindgren: Pasquini, Bernardo . In: Stanley Sadie (Ed.): The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians . Stainer and Bell, London 2001, pp. 188 .
  6. ↑ Since the Italian baroque nomenclature was not completely unambiguous, it could have been both a cross spinet and a virginal . At the beginning of the 18th century, virginals were a bit old-fashioned, but Pasquini was already over 70 and could have had such an instrument from his youth.
  7. ↑ So an octave spinet or Ottavino.
  8. ↑ Patrizio Barbieri: I cembalari della Roma di Bernardo Pasquini: un censimento, con aggiornamenti sui loro strumenti . In: Armando Carideo (Ed.): Atti Pasquini Symposium 2010 . Giunta della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento 2012, p. 139 .
  9. ↑ "The sincerity with the sincerity (!?) Or the Tirinto"
  10. ↑ "Love for vengeance or: Alcasta"
  11. ↑ "The woman is still loyal"
  12. ↑ "The Tutor Trespolo"
  13. ↑ "The Power of Love"
  14. ↑ "Where there is love, there is compassion" (Ipermestra)
  15. ↑ "Idalma or whoever perseveres wins"
  16. ↑ "Sidonio or a rare example of constancy and loyalty"
  17. ↑ "The Silence of Arpocrates"
  18. ↑ "Saint Dimna, daughter of the King of Ireland"
  19. ↑ "The Trojan Games"
  20. ↑ "The fall (= decline) of the realm of the Amazons"
  21. ↑ "Columbus or the discovered India" (sic!)
  22. ↑ "Cain and Abel"
  23. ↑ "The Triumph of Saint Clara"
  24. ↑ "The Worship of Solomon" (or "The Idolatry of Solomon"?)
  25. ↑ "The Deeds of Moses in the Desert"
  26. ↑ "The Martyrdom of Saints Vitus, Modestus and Crescentia"
  27. ↑ "Triumphant Purity or Martinianus the Saint"
  28. ↑ "The Thirst of Christ"
  29. ↑ "The Fall of Solomon"
  30. ↑ "The Triumphant David Against Goliath"
  31. ↑ "Erminia on the Bank of the Jordan"
  32. ↑ "Musical applause for the feast day of the most radiant royal majesty Maria Luigia (Maria Ludovica?)"
  33. ^ "Cantata a 5 (parts) in praise of San Filippo Neri"
  34. ↑ "The Colossus of Persistence"
personal data
SURNAME Pasquini, Bernardo
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian Baroque composer
DATE OF BIRTH December 7, 1637
PLACE OF BIRTH Massa e Cozzile
DATE OF DEATH November 21, 1710 or November 22, 1710
Place of death Rome