Johann Philipp Krieger

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Memorial plaque at Neu-Augustusburg Castle

Johann Philipp Krieger (* February 26 jul. / 8. March  1649 greg. In Nuremberg , † 6. February 1725 in Weissenfels ) was a German composer , organist and conductor.

Life

Krieger grew up as the son of a carpet maker and yarn dyer and received musical lessons on keyboard instruments at an early age . From the age of eight he received lessons from the Nuremberg musician and Froberger student Johann Drechsel (Dretzel). He received further lessons on wind and string instruments from the viol player Gabriel Schütz (1633–1710). During his training, however, he was primarily influenced by the organist Paul Hainlein , especially with regard to his later turn to organ playing.

Warrior later went to Denmark, where he became a student of the Royal Danish organist Johannes Schröder in Copenhagen. At the same time he represented them as organist at St. Peter's Church . At the same time he received lessons in composition from Kaspar Förster jun., Royal Danish Kapellmeister. A short time after starting his studies, Krieger was employed on the organ in the main church in Copenhagen. Around 1667 he received an appointment to Christiania in Norway as organist, which he did not take up at the request of his parents.

Returned to Germany, he entered the service of Margrave Christian Ernst in Bayreuth , where he later held the position of Kapellmeister. Due to the ensuing acts of war against France and the resulting courtly pressure to limit the musical activities, Krieger asked for his release.

He then went on a study trip to Italy to visit the local music venues and study there. Studies followed in Venice with Johann Rosenmüller for composition and with Giovanni Battista Volpe , also known as Rovettino, for harpsichord. In Venice he made friends with Francesco Cavalli , Giovanni Llimi and Pietro Andrea Ziani . He studied the harpsichord in Rome with Antonio Maria Abbatini and composition with Bernardo Pasquini . In Rome he met the polymath Athanasius Kircher . This was followed by another trip to Venice to study opera . The nobility letter dates from October 10, 1675, in which Krieger and all his siblings were raised to the nobility after having made music before Emperor Leopold I in Vienna. One of these siblings was the composer Johann Krieger , who mainly worked in Zittau . Another brother is Albrecht Krieger , who worked in Leipzig as a medalist and die cutter.

After a short stay in Bayreuth as well as in Frankfurt am Main and Kassel, he took over the position of chamber musician and organist at the court of Duke August von Sachsen-Weißenfels in Halle in 1677 . After a short time he was appointed vice conductor and changed residence together with the new Duke Johann Adolf I in 1680. Eight polyphonic instrumental works were written on Neu-Augustusburg between 1685 and 1717, which are considered examples of the early German Concerto grosso . Krieger meticulously kept records of all works performed at court under his direction. As a result, it is recorded that he composed around 2500 cantatas, 2200 of which are considered lost.

His first son, Johann Gotthilf Krieger (1687–1751), born in Weißenfels, succeeded him as court conductor in 1725. The second-born son, who was also called Johann Philipp Krieger (1693–1775), became a bookseller and publisher in Gießen .

His marriage to Rosine Helene, daughter of Johann Nicolai from Halle, resulted in a relationship with the Georg Friedrich Handel family . Johann Philipp Krieger died in Weissenfels in 1725. Today, however, his musical work has almost been forgotten.

Works

  • Operas and Singspiele (all but individual arias have been lost)
    • The fortune telling miracle fountain
    • Contest of loyalty, shepherd game (1693)
    • Hercules among the Amazons, Singe-Spiel (1693)
    • The generous Scipio Africanus (1694)
    • The Libyan Thalestris (1696)
    • The returning Phoebus
    • Phoebus and Iris
  • Table music
    • Mars and Irene
    • Humility
    • Ganymedes and Juventas
  • Evening music
    • The unchanged Daphne ... at the wedding festival (1684)
  • Chamber music
    • 12 Sonata à due Violini [e B. c. ] (Nuremberg, 1688)
    • 12 Sonata à doi, Violino e Viola da Gamba [e B. c.] (Nuremberg, 1693)
    • 6 suites : Funny field music for four wind instruments (Nuremberg, 1704) ( modeled after works by Lully )

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johann Gotthilf Krieger in the Bavarian Music Dictionary online
  2. ↑ Peter Albrecht, Hans Erich Bödeker, Ernst Hinrichs (ed.): Forms of sociability in Northwest Germany 1750-1820. Niemeyer, Tübingen, 2003, p. 26ff.
personal data
SURNAME Krieger, Johann Philipp
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German composer, organist and Kapellmeister
DATE OF BIRTH March 8, 1649
PLACE OF BIRTH Nuremberg
DATE OF DEATH February 6, 1725
Place of death Weissenfels