Santa Maria in Vallicella
| Santa Maria in Vallicella
|
|
|---|---|
| Patronage : | St. Mary |
| Consecration day : | |
| Cardinal priest : | Ricardo Cardinal Blázquez Pérez |
| Address: | Piazza Chiesa Nuova 00186 Roma |
The Church of Santa Maria in Vallicella (commonly called Chiesa Nuova ; Latin Sanctae Mariae in Vallicella ) is a Baroque church in Rome from the late 16th century. It houses u. a. the burial place of St. Philip Neri and three early works by Peter Paul Rubens and is the title church of the Roman Catholic Church .
location
The church is located in the Centro Storico between the districts of Ponte and Parione on the Piazza della Chiesa Nuova of the same name, directly on Corso Vittorio Emanuele II . The main facade on the piazza faces south, while Via della Chiesa Nuova runs along the east . To the west it borders on the oratory of St. Philip Neri by Francesco Borromini .
Building history
In the 16th century, a dilapidated basilica from the 12th century stood in place of today's church. 1575 this was the same year by Pope Gregory XIII. recognized congregation of the oratory, which after its canonical establishment had looked for its own church. St. Philipp Neri, founder of the congregation, decided soon after the takeover for a spacious new building (hence the name "Chiesa Nuova", which is not official but is more common in Rome). Matteo da Città di Castello began construction that same year; his plans originally envisaged a single-nave, domed hall church modeled on Il Gesù . From 1586/88 Martino Longhi the Elder continued the work. He continued to build the church as a basilica; The model of its construction was the church of San Giovanni dei Fiorentini . The choir , transept and crossing were completed by 1588, the dome was completed by 1590. The building as such with the arching over the nave and transept was completed by 1593. In the same year, a competition for the facade design was held, and Fausto Rughesi emerged as the winner . According to the inscription, the facade was completed in 1605, in fact probably not until after 1606.
Exterior
The facade is a typical baroque facade, it is two-story and structured by Corinthian and composite pilasters . In addition to picture niches, cornices and the columns of the main portal further loosen up the wide and high facade. The other outer walls are not particularly noteworthy because they are covered by other buildings on the western and northern sides and are insignificant along Via della Chiesa Nuova .
Interior
_-_Interior.jpg)
Basic structure
The church was built as a three-aisled, cross-shaped pillar basilica, the high dome rises above the crossing. The arcade arches between the central and side aisles are laid out relatively low, probably to give space for the paintings executed in round oval frames. The narrow aisles contain further side chapels.
Interior
The church is designed in high baroque forms with the typical, abundant use of gold leaf and magnificent stucco. The plasterer was Ercole Ferrata . The colors white and gold predominate. The vaults of the nave, apse and sacristy as well as the dome were painted with monumental frescoes by Pietro da Cortona from 1633 to 1639.
The Capella Spada was built by Carlo Rainaldi . It houses the family crypt of the Spada family . The cardinal and former cardinal secretary of state Fabrizio Spada, who died in 1717, is also buried here . The Madonna on the main altar was painted by Carlo Maratta .
The Chapel of St. Philipp Neri is to the left of the church choir. Under the altar of the chapel the bones of St. Philipp Neri. The mosaic portrait of the saint above the altar is a copy of the original by Guido Reni .
The church choir contains three early works by Peter Paul Rubens . These are slates that Rubens painted in 1608. The three works of art are incorporated into the top of the high altar. It is a centrally mounted depiction of grace of Mary with angels, to the left of which St. Gregory between Saints Maurus and Papinianus and on the right St. Domitilla between the hll. Nereus and Achilles . The guidance of the light is supposed to reveal the study of the works of Caravaggio and Jacopo Tintoretto , and individual figures are supposed to show influences of mannerism .
In the left transept there is a representation of Mary in the temple , in the fourth chapel on the right side the painting Visitation , both done by Barocci in the Mannerist style.
View into the Capella Spada
Altar and tomb of St. Philipp Neri
High altar sheet by Peter Paul Rubens
See also
literature
- Johann M. Wiesel: “Rome. An art and travel guide ” , 4th edition, Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1966.
- Manfred Wundram (Ed.): “Reclams Art Guide, Italy. Volume V. Rome and Latium ” . Reclam, Stuttgart 1981. ISBN 3-15-008679-5
- Rolf Tomann (Red.): "The Art of the Baroque: Architecture, Sculpture, Painting" , Könemann, Cologne 1997. ISBN 3-89508-991-5
- Marco Bussagli (Ed.): "Rome - Art & Architecture" , Könemann, Cologne 1999. ISBN 3-8290-2258-1
- Stefan Grundmann (Ed.): Architectural Guide Rome. An architectural history in 400 individual representations. Menges, Stuttgart et al. 1997, ISBN 3-930698-59-5 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ cf. Gallonio, Antonio, The life of Saint Philip Neri, Oxford 2005, Rn. 107.
- ↑ Gallonio, para. 109. Türks, Paul, Philipp Neri, Freiburg 1986, p. 122 ff.
- ^ Grundmann, Architekturführer Rom , p. 184
- ^ Grundmann, Architekturführer Rom , p. 184
- ↑ Stefan Kummer : Architecture and fine arts from the beginnings of the Renaissance to the end of the Baroque. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes; Volume 2: From the Peasants' War in 1525 to the transition to the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1814. Theiss, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8062-1477-8 , pp. 576–678 and 942–952, here: p. 630.
- ↑ Tomann (Red.): The Art of the Baroque: Architecture, Sculpture, Painting , p. 375
Coordinates: 41 ° 53 '54.4 " N , 12 ° 28' 9.1" E