Adolf Bach

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Adolf Bach (born January 31, 1890 in Ems , † April 19, 1972 in Bad Ems ) was a German German philologist and is regarded as the "old master" of German onomatology .

Life

Bach, son of a textile merchant, graduated from high school in Darmstadt in 1909 . He studied German and Romance Philology in Kiel, at the Paris Sorbonne and Oxford. In 1914 he became a PhD at the University of Giessen with Otto Behaghel with his dissertation The dialects in the area of ​​the Lahn and its neighborhood . PhD. During this time he also made contact with Ferdinand Wrede in neighboring Marburg, who was working there on the German Language Atlas .

After completing his studies, Bach worked as a teacher from 1921, from 1924 as a lecturer at the TH Darmstadt , and in 1927 as a teacher in Rinteln , and worked as managing director for the Association for Nassau Antiquities and Historical Research and as editor of the Nassau Annals . In 1924 he received his habilitation from Arnold Berger at the TH Darmstadt and in 1927 he was appointed to the Pedagogical Academy (from May 1933: University for Teacher Training ) in Bonn . From 1927 he was also a private lecturer at the University of Bonn, from 1931 ao. Professor. From 1927 he headed the department for dialect research and folklore at the Institute for historical regional studies of the Rhineland .

Bach joined the NSDAP in 1933 and later also belonged to the NS Lecturer Association . On November 11, 1933, he was one of the people calling for the professors at German universities to acknowledge Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist state . However, the SS rated him rather negatively: “Overall assessment: Bach is judged negatively in character and as opaque from an ideological point of view. (...) All in all, he does not belong to the positive Germanists and folklorists. ”In 1941, after the annexation of Alsace, he was given a chair at the University of Strasbourg .

As a professor in Bonn and Strasbourg and after losing his chair in Strasbourg, he published numerous treatises and monographs on German literature and linguistics , dialect research , folklore and, in particular, onenology and place name research, including some standard scientific works from the 1950s and 1960s. From 1954 to 1967 he had a teaching position at the University of Bonn despite an eye problem.

His work Deutsche Volkskunde ( Hirzel , Leipzig 1937) was placed on the list of literature to be segregated in the Soviet occupation zone . In 1960 he became an honorary citizen of Bad Ems . In 1971 he was awarded the Federal Cross of Merit with a star .

Bach was a member of the Academies of Sciences in Ghent , Uppsala and Helsinki . The Katholieke Universiteit Leuven awarded him an honorary doctorate and the city of Bad Ems the title of honorary citizen.

He was married to Lili born in 1921. Pfeiffer (born February 4, 1892 in Wiesbaden, † November 19, 1987 in Bad Ems), daughter of the Wiesbaden doctor August Pfeiffer. Lilli Pfeiffer had worked as a librarian at the Nassau State Library in Wiesbaden since 1911 and had become a member of the Association for Nassau Classical Studies and Historical Research. For decades she worked on the editing of his journal Nassauische Annalen. In 1986 the association made her an honorary member. Lili Bach later supported her husband in his scientific publications.

Fonts (selection)

Dialect, folklore and name studies

  • German dialect research, its ways, results and tasks. An introduction. 1934. 1950
  • German folklore. Your ways, results and tasks. An introduction. 1937. 3rd edition 1960
  • History of the German language. 1938. 9th edition 1970
  • German name customer. Heidelberg 1943–1956, 3rd edition 1978/1981
    • Volume 1: The German personal names. 1st edition 1943; the extended 2nd edition appeared in 2 volumes:
      • Part 1: Introduction. On the theory of sounds and forms, word order, word formation and meaning of German personal names. 2nd edition 1952
      • Part 2: The German personal names from a historical, geographical, sociological and psychological perspective. 2nd edition 1953
    • Volume 2: The German place names. Appeared in 2 volumes:
      • Part 1: Introduction. On the theory of sounds and forms, on the addition of sentences, word formation and meaning of German place names. 1st edition 1953
      • Part 2: The German place names from a historical, geographical, sociological and psychological perspective. Place name research in the service of other sciences. 1st edition 1954
    • Register tape. Edited by Dieter Berger, 1956
  • German historical studies. Collected Treatises. On the golden anniversary of the doctorate on February 27, 1964. Ed. Heinrich Matthias Heinrichs, Rudolf Schützeichel, 1964

Regional studies

  • The works of the author of the Battle of Göllheim (Master Zillies von Seine?) , Bonn 1930 (= Rheinisches Archiv, vol. 11)
  • Cultural currents in Nassau, discussed using the image of the Nassau language landscape. In: Nassauische Annalen 63, 1952, p. 192
  • The name Eltville. In: Nassauische Annalen 65, 1954, p. 234

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Ernst Klee : The culture lexicon for the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-10-039326-5 , p. 23.
  2. ↑ a b Ernst Klee: The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945 . Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, 2nd updated edition, Frankfurt am Main 2005, p. 22.
  3. ^ WDR: Folklorists looking for characters
  4. ^ Letter B, List of literature to be discarded. Published by the German Administration for Public Education in the Soviet Occupation Zone. Second addendum as of September 1, 1948 (Berlin: Deutscher Zentralverlag, 1948) . Polunbi.de. Retrieved July 13, 2010.
personal data
SURNAME Bach, Adolf
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Germanist
DATE OF BIRTH January 31, 1890
PLACE OF BIRTH Bad Ems , Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
DATE OF DEATH April 19, 1972
Place of death Bad Ems