Jacob Engelbert Teschemacher

Jacob Engelbert Teschemacher (born April 19, 1711 in Elberfeld (today a part of Wuppertal ), † October 26, 1782 there ) was a German organ builder .

Life

Jacob (also: Jakob) Engelbert Teschemacher came from an important bourgeois family that has been in Elberfeld (now part of Wuppertal ) since 1551 and provided many mayors there. His parents were Wilhelm Teschemacher (1654–1726) and Katharina Margaretha, b. Elscheid (1687-1760). Nothing certain is known about Teschemacher's training. It was assumed, however, that he learned the organ building trade from the Weidtman family of organ builders in Ratingen . Teschermacher's workshop was located in the Teschemacher Hof in Wuppertal-Elberfeld, built in 1640 and still preserved today .

Teschermacher's career choice was unusual in that Elberfeld was dominated by the ( Calvinist ) Reformed denomination and organs were rejected as "pagan" in the Reformed churches of the time. In addition to works for Lutheran and Catholic churches, he therefore concentrated on the production of pedalless, single-manual, cabinet-like chamber organs for private houses. This happened against the background that in the 18th century the organ was a "status-defining house instrument" for families of the upper middle class and, like a harmonium , piano or grand piano , was often part of the trousseau when a daughter married in the 19th century .

Teschemacher's organ building activity was not limited to the Bergisch area, but extended as far as the Netherlands. Teschemacher attached great importance to the careful and solid quality of his work. In a letter from 1766 to the Protestant congregation in Wevelinghoven , he distanced himself from organ builders who made "screeching" registers that were not very durable out of cheap lead and wrote that he was thinking a hundred and more years ahead of his instruments.

From a religious point of view, Teschemacher was a pietist and belonged to the circle around the mystic Gerhard Tersteegen . Teschemacher's striving for internalized piety is also reflected in his organ building style, as he likes "meditative" solo parts such as the string violin 8 'in the treble, a transverse flute 4' overblowing in the treble, or in some later works (from 1762) the Schwebung Unda Maris 8 'in the treble. Correspondingly, the intonation of the Teschemacher organs was warm and geared towards a calm melodious sound. Teschemacher's earlier organs still have a manual range of CD - c '' ', the later ones already have a range of C - f' ''.

A portrait of Teschemacher has not survived. There is a description of his person in Heinrich Jung-Stilling's work “Domestic Life”. After that, Teschemacher had a round, lively face full of gentle features and wore a round wig. Teschemacher's character described Jung-Stilling as very friendly, serious, extremely delicate in his choice of behavior, weighing his words like on a gold scales and only obstinate in the respect that he could be intolerant of those who think differently. Teschemacher was unmarried. In the letters he received he complained about rheumatism from 1760, and from 1775 about increasing weakness. After his death in 1782, his organ building workshop was taken over by his colleague Johann Gerhard Schrey .

List of works

year	place	building	image	Manuals	register	Remarks
1743	Rondorf	Emmanuel Church (ev.)		I / pedal attached	10	Originally in Kaldenkirchen (1760–1905). Was stored in the depot of the Museum Schnütgen for a long time and was restored by Johannes Klais Orgelbau in 2014. Permanent loan from the museum.
1750	Amsterdam	House organ for Pastor Deknatel				now Bethel College, North Newton, Kansas; four continuous and three half registers - preserved; 2007 by Noack Organ Comp. restored
1750	Eat -Be	Evangelical church, choir organ				originally from the possession of the Teschemacher family, four continuous and three half registers - preserved.
1751						today Brussels , Instrument Museum: four continuous and three half registers, wind pressure 45 mm water column, tuning 435 Hertz a 'tempered - preserved;
around 1751	Gronau	Anthony's Hospital				originally four continuous and three half registers - rebuilt preserved;
around 1755	Wassenberg	Protestant church				originally perhaps a house organ from Kaldenkirchen or from the property of the Beselich monastery : case and two registers preserved;
around 1755	Krefeld	Kaiser Wilhelm Museum				three continuous and three half registers - preserved;
1760	Wuppertal-Elberfeld	Lutheran Church in Kolk		II / P		Canceled in 1895;
1762	Oosterland / Wieringen (Netherlands)	Michaelskerk				originally perhaps a house organ for Zacharias Hope, Rotterdam: eight continuous and five half stops - preserved;
1766	Dusseldorf	Lutheran Church Berger-Strasse,		II / P	24	two stops added in 1863 for the originally only attached pedal - destroyed in World War II;
1767	Wuppertal	St. Laurentius, choir organ				originally planned for the Protestant community of Wevelinghoven, but then set up in Schwelm ; 1869–1967 in Wuppertal-Dönberg, Ev. Church, originally eight continuous and five half registers - rebuilt preserved;
1770	Mönchengladbach- Wickrathberg	Protestant church				Housing and prospect pipes (principal 4 ') preserved;
around 1770	Antwerp	Vleeshuis Museum				one continuous and six half registers - rebuilt preserved;
around 1770	Wuppertal-Elberfeld	Philip Church				originally from private ownership: two continuous and four half registers, today in the New Reformed Church in Elberfeld - preserved;
1771	Chapels (Moers)	Protestant church				restored and supplemented;
1772	Vaals (Netherlands)	Hervormde Kerk				ten continuous and seven half registers, pedal attached - preserved;
around 1775	Kirchrarbach	Catholic Church				1869 five full and four half registers after reconstruction - broken off in 1885;
around 1780	Wuppertal- Elberfeld	Michaelskirche		I.	9	six continuous and three half registers - preserved;
around 1782	Alps	Protestant church				First manual from Teschemacher with five continuous and nine half registers received, second manual and independent pedal added in 1958.
about 1779–1785		Old church Wupperfeld		II / P	37	Concept and design by Teschemacher ; Completion by his student Gerhard Schrey; later rebuilt by Richard Ibach (1878/40 registers) and Paul Faust (1914/48 registers), completely destroyed in the Second World War

References

1. ↑ H.-J. Oehm: Jacob Engelbert Teschemacher. 1981, p. 21.

literature

• Joachim Dorfmüller: 300 years of organ building in Wuppertal (=  contributions to the history and local history of the Wuppertal . Volume 28 ; Contributions to Rhenish music history. tape 127 ). Wuppertal 1980, ISBN 3-87093-028-4 , p. 16-20 .
• Hans-Joachim Oehm: Jacob Engelbert Teschemacher, a Pietist organ builder in Wuppertal in the 18th century . In: Joachim Dorfmüller (Hrsg.): New contributions to the music history of the city of Wuppertal (=  contributions to the Rhenish music history ). tape 131 . Kassel 1981, ISBN 3-87537-184-4 , p. 3-81 .
• Thomas Hübner: Jacob Engelbert Teschemacher (1711–1782), Tersteegen's biographer and organ builder. A representation of faith and gifts - word and work with an edition of his letters and his biography of Tersteegen as well as the first appreciation of Johann Peter Brögelmann's "Conversation in the Realm of the Dead". Ceremony on the occasion of the commissioning of the fully restored Teschemacher organ from the Museum Schnütgen Cologne, built in 1743 in the Emmanuelkirche in Cologne-Rondorf . CMZ, Rheinbach 2014, ISBN 978-3-87062-156-8 .

Web links

• Hans-Joachim Oehm: Jacob Engelbert Teschemacher, a Pietist organ builder in Wuppertal in the 18th century . Extended version 2013 of the article from 1981. (PDF; 937 kB).