Octavio Paz

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Octavio Paz

Octavio Paz Lozano Hear ? / i (born March 31, 1914 in Mixcoac , today Mexico City , † April 19, 1998 ibid) was a Mexican writer and diplomat . He received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1990 . Audio file / audio sample

Life

Octavio Paz was born in Mexico City in 1914 during the Mexican Revolution, the son of a lawyer and grandson of a novelist, and died there in 1998. Paz was a diplomat, committed intellectual, and writer. He studied law and literature in Mexico, lived abroad several times, and founded two influential magazines: Plural and Vuelta. In 1943 he traveled through the USA on a Guggenheim Foundation grant before entering the diplomatic service after the end of World War II. In the 1950s, his career as an ambassador took him first to Japan and then to India. At that time, he studied Taoist and Buddhist scriptures intensively. He worked in France until 1962 , where he worked with Pablo Neruda , among others . During this time, The Labyrinth of Solitude , an exploration of Mexican and Latin American identity, was created. A surrealist influence on his work resulted, among other things, from his collaboration with André Breton and Benjamin Péret . He resigned from his post as Mexican ambassador to India in protest against the Tlatelolco massacre , a student massacre that occurred in Mexico City in 1968. While Paz had shown solidarity with the left republicans during the Spanish civil war, he now denounced the human rights violations of the Soviet communists in his magazines and was then heavily criticized by the Latin American left.

In 1972 Paz was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters and in 1975 to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . In 1982 he opened the Horizonte Festival of World Cultures (No. 2, 1982) in West Berlin , together with the then Governing Mayor of Berlin, Richard von Weizsäcker . Paz was honored with numerous prizes, for example the Jerusalem Prize for the freedom of the individual in society (1977), the Premio Cervantes (1981), the Neustadt International Prize for Literature , the Peace Prize of the German Book Trade (1984) and the Nobel Prize for Literature (1990). In 2017 an asteroid was named after him: (58498) Octaviopaz .

plant

When he was nineteen, Paz published his first volume of poetry, Luna Silvestre . In 1950, El laberinto de la soledad ( The Labyrinth of Solitude ) was his first and most famous prose publication. The volume of essays has sold over a million copies in Mexico alone and, alongside Juan Rulfo's novel Pedro Páramo, is still one of the most successful Mexican publications. This was followed by El arco y la lira in 1956 and El mono gramático in 1974 . In 1990, Paz did not primarily receive the Nobel Prize for Literature for his essay writing, but for volumes of poetry such as Piedra de Sol ( Sonnenstein , 1957), a work that, in terms of its effect on Latin American literature, compared with the effect of T. S. Eliot's The waste land on English-language literature is compared to Blanco ( white ) from the 60s and Pasado en claro ( From the notebook to clarity ) from the 70s. These three works mentioned have also been published in German under the title Die Große Gedichte . Also: Libertad bajo palabra (1960) and Salamandra (1962).

Works

Poetry

  • 1933: Luna Silvestre
  • 1936: ¡No pasarán!
  • 1937: Raíz del hombre
  • 1937: Bajo tu clara sombra y otros poemas sobre España
  • 1942: A la orilla del mundo
  • 1949: Libertad bajo palabra (German freedom on word of honor , 1958)
  • 1951: ¿Aguila o sol? (German eagle or sun? poems, translated by Rudolf Wittkopf, Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1991, ISBN 3518220829 )
  • 1957: Piedra de sol
  • 1962: Salamandra
  • 1969: Ladera Este
  • 1976: Vuelta
  • 1987: Árbol Adentro ( Ger. In mir der Baum . Poems in Spanish and German, Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1990, ISBN 3518403109 )
  • 1998: Delta de cinco brazos (German: The five-armed Delta . Poems in Spanish and German, translated by Fritz Vogelgsang and Rudolf Wittkopf , Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2000, ISBN 3518411616 )

prose

  • 1950: El laberinto de la soledad (Eng. The Labyrinth of Solitude . Essay, trans. By Carl Heupel, Walter Verlag, Olten 1970)
  • 1956: El arco y la lira (German: The bow and the lyre , translated by Rudolf Wittkopf , Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1983, ISBN 3-518-04523-7 )
  • 1957: Las peras del olmo
  • 1965: Cuadrivio
  • 1966: Puertas al Campo
  • 1967: Corriente Alterna
  • 1967: Claude Levi-Strauss o el nuevo festín de Esopo
  • 1968: Marcel Duchamp o el castillo de la Pureza
  • 1969: Conjunciones y Disyunciones (German connections - separations , essay, translated by Elke Wehr and Rudolf Wittkopf, Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1984, ISBN 3-518-04561-X )
  • 1969: Postdata (continued from: The Labyrinth of Solitude )
  • 1973: El signo y el Garabato
  • 1973: Apariencia desnuda (extended edition by: Marcel Duchamp o el castillo de la Pureza ; German Nude Apparition , translated by Rudolf Wittkopf, Literarisches Colloquium Berliner Künstlerprogramm des DAAD 1987)
  • 1973: Solo a dos voces (together with Julián Ríos )
  • 1974: Los Hijos del Limo (German: The Other Time of Poetry , translated by Rudolf Wittkopf, Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1989, ISBN 3-518-40196-3 )
  • 1974: El mono gramático (German: the language-learned monkey , translated by Anselm Maler and Maria Antonia Alonso-Maler, Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1982, ISBN 9783518015308 )
  • 1979: El Ogro Filantrópico (German: The philanthropic man eater , Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1981, ISBN 3-518-11064-0 )
  • 1979: In-mediaciones
  • 1982: Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz o las trampas de la fe (German Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz or the pitfalls of faith , translated by Maria Bamberg, Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1991, ISBN 3-518-40339- 7 )
  • 1983: Tiempo Nublado
  • 1983: Sombras de Obras
  • 1984: Hombres en su Siglo
  • 1990: Pequeña Crónica de Grandes Días
  • 1990: La Otra Voz (German: The Other Voice , translated by Rudolf Wittkopf, Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1994, ISBN 3-518-40590-X )
  • 1991: Convergencias
  • 1992: Al Paso
  • 1993: La Llama Doble (German: The double flame. Love and eroticism , translated by Rudolf Wittkopf, Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1995, ISBN 9783518406984 )
  • 1994: Itinerario (German Itinerarium, small political autobiography , translated by Rudolf Wittkopf, Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1996, ISBN 3-518-40764-3 )
  • 1995: Vislumbres de la India (German In the Light of India , translated by Rudolf Wittkopf, Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1997, ISBN 3-518-40872-0 )

The years are based on the time of origin or the year of publication of the original editions.

Awards

Secondary literature

  • Alberto Ruy-Sánchez: Octavio Paz, Life and Work. An introduction . Suhrkamp Verlag, 1990, Frankfurt. Paperback 1984, ISBN 3-518-38394-9
  • Peter Sinnemann: The Influence of Buddhism on Octavio Paz 'Critique of Occidental Culture of Modernity. In: Iberoamericana. Latin America. Spain. Portugal. 20th year, 1996, No. 2 (62), pp. 62–87
  • Sinnemann, Peter. Octavio Paz: Vislumbres de la India. Un diálogo con la condición humana. Barcelona 1995. In: Iberoamericana. Latin America. Spain. Portugal. 20th year, 1996, No. 2 (62), pp. 88-90

Web links

Commons : Octavio Paz  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Wikiquote: Octavio Paz  - Quotes

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Honorary Members: Octavio Paz. American Academy of Arts and Letters, accessed March 18, 2019 .
  2. ^ Peace Prize of the German Book Trade - 1984 Octavio Paz ( Memento from October 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
personal data
SURNAME Paz, Octavio
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Paz Lozano, Octavio (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Mexican writer, diplomat and Nobel Prize winner
DATE OF BIRTH March 31, 1914
PLACE OF BIRTH Mixcoac , now Mexico City
DATE OF DEATH April 19, 1998
Place of death Mexico city