Yuri Fedorowitsch Lapchinsky

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Cyrillic ( Ukrainian )
Юрій Федорович Лапчинський
Transl. : Jurij Fedorovyč Lapčynsʹkyj
Transcr. : Yuri Fedorovych Lapchynskyi
Cyrillic ( Russian )
Юрий Федорович Лапчинский
Transl .: Jurij Fedorovič Lapčinsky
Transcr .: Yuri Fedorowitsch Lapchinsky
Yuri F. Lapchinsky

Yuri Fedorowitsch Laptschinski ( Russian Юрий Федорович Лапчинский ; * 7 April July / 19 April  1887 greg. In Tsarskoje Selo , Saint Petersburg Governorate , Russian Empire ; † October 16, 1937 at the Kolyma , RSFSR ) was a Bolshevik politician the founder and leader of the Ukrainian national communism .

Life

Yuri Lapchinsky was born in Tsarskoye Selo, today's city of Pushkin near Saint Petersburg , as the son of a doctor. As a high school student, he became a member of the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party (RSDLP) in March 1905 . He graduated from the Law Faculty of Saint Petersburg University in 1911 . In 1910 and 1912 he was arrested for his political activities and in 1913 he was exiled to Estonia and in 1914 to the city of Novogeorgiyevsk in Cherson Governorate .

From 1916 he worked as a lawyer in Kremenchuk , where he joined the Bolsheviks and during the Kornilov - coup in 1917 led the Council of Workers 'and Soldiers' Deputies and by December 1917 Chief Secretary of the People's Secretariat and member of the All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee ( ВУЦВК ) was. From 20 to 25 March 1918, he was a "member of the board of the Ukrainian Soviet Republic" (Ukrainian Президія Центрального Виконавчого Комітету Рад України or Russian Президиум Центрального Исполнительного Комитета Советов Украины ), one of the leaders of the Ukrainian Soviet Republic .

During the hetman , he was the Provisional Workers 'and Peasants' Government of Ukraine authorized representative in Chernihiv and from 10 January 1919 to 13 April 1919 as chairman of the Soviet Revolutionary Committee ( "rewkom"; Russian комитет Революционный, ревком ), governor of the province Chernihiv .

On the national question, he criticized Leninism in 1919, together with Vasyl Shachraj ( Василь Матвійович Шахрай ; 1888–1920) . Between 1919 and 1920 he headed the so-called opposition faction of the Communist Party of Ukraine (KPU). Within the KPU, he was a member of the federalists who strived for an independent Communist Party in Ukraine and campaigned for an equal, federal relationship between the Ukrainian SSR and the RSFSR.

In November 1919, at the Gomel Congress, he defended the idea of ​​the existence of an independent Ukrainian Communist Party and the Soviet Ukrainian state. From 1920 to 1922 he was secretary of the All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee. In April 1920, he issued a statement accusing the leadership of the Communist Party of Russia (b) of instituting a military occupation regime and declaring that the RSFSR treats the Ukrainian SSR as an Asian or African colony of a Western European imperialist state . After he announced his move from the KP (b) U to the Ukrainian Communist Party in July 1920, he was arrested and taken to Moscow. After a brief detention, he returned to Ukraine and was immediately arrested again. Due to differences of opinion with the leadership of the UKP, he left the party and lived in 1922/23 as a representative of the Ukrainian Red Cross in Warsaw , Berlin and Italy . He then worked as a lawyer in Kiev until 1924 and then as director of a film studio in Odessa . In December 1926 he rejoined the KP (b) U and was the Soviet consul in Lemberg, Poland , from 1928 to 1930 . In 1931 he was in Kharkiv , the then capital of Ukraine, member and head of the Presidium of the State Planning Committee of the USSR.

In the spring of 1935 he was sent to Kazakhstan , where he became Deputy People's Commissar for Health and Chief Sanitary Inspector of the Kazakh SSR . In the autumn of the same year he was arrested in Alma-Ata for allegedly belonging to a Ukrainian military organization. After he was able to dismiss the allegations made against him, a special meeting of the NKVD of the USSR accused him of illegal weapons possession and sentenced him on April 21, 1936 to five years in a camp. After his imprisonment in the Nerega Kolyma gold mine in Magadan Oblast , he was charged again on September 8, 1937 and sentenced to death and executed by the NKVD troika in the Far East. He was posthumously rehabilitated after Stalin's death in 1956.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f ЛАПЧИНСЬКИЙ ЮРІЙ (Георгій) ФЕДОРОВИЧ on history.franko.lviv.ua ; accessed on August 5, 2019 (Ukrainian)
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g Entry on Jurij Lapchynskyj in the Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine ; accessed on August 5, 2019 (Ukrainian)
  3. ↑ Yuri Lapchinsky , chairman of the "Federalist Group" in the CP (b) U .; Retrieved August 5, 2019 (Ukrainian) from vpered.wordpress.com
  4. ↑ a b Entry on Lapchynsky, Yurii in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine ; accessed on August 5, 2019
  5. ↑ Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic: Heads of State: 1917-1918 on archontology.org ; accessed on August 5, 2019
  6. ^ List of Governors of the Chernigov Governorate ; accessed on August 5, 2019 (Ukrainian)
personal data
SURNAME Lapchinsky, Yuri Fedorovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Лапчинский, Юрий Федорович (Russian); Lapchynskyi, Jurij Fedorowytsch (transcribed in Ukrainian); Лапчинський, Юрій Федорович (Ukrainian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bolshevik politician and one of the founders and leaders of Ukrainian national communism
DATE OF BIRTH April 19, 1887
PLACE OF BIRTH Tsarskoye Selo , Saint Petersburg Governorate , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH October 16, 1937
Place of death at Kolyma , RSFSR