Magadan Oblast

Subject of the Russian Federation Magadan Oblast Магаданская область flag coat of arms Federal district far East surface 462,464  km² population 156,996 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010) Population density 0.3 inhabitants / km² Administrative center Magadan Official language Russian Ethnic composition Russians (80.2%) Ukrainians (9.9%) Evens (1.4%) Belarusians (1.2%) Tatars (1.1%) (as of 2002) governor Wladimir Petscheny (acting) Founded 3rd December 1953 Time zone UTC + 11 Telephone prefixes (+7) 413xx Postcodes 685000-686999 License Plate 49 OKATO 44 ISO 3166-2 RU-MAG Website www.magadan.ru

Coordinates: 63 ° 0 '  N , 154 ° 0'  E

Nagayev Bay of the Sea of Okhotsk near Magadan

Valley of the Chassyn river north of Magadan

The Magadan Oblast ( Russian Магаданская область / Magadanskaja oblast ) is an administrative region ( oblast ) in Russia .

The oblast is located in the Far East of Russia on the Sea of ​​Okhotsk . It covers part of the East Siberian mountainous region , in particular the Kolyma Mountains . About half drains to the Sea of ​​Okhotsk, the other half belongs to the Kolyma catchment area . The oblast is extremely sparsely populated, and more than half of the population lives in the capital Magadan . At 462,464 km², the area is slightly larger than that of Sweden. The location ranges from the geographical latitude of Stockholm to just south of the Arctic Circle.

population

The Russian colonization of the area began in the 17th century. During the Soviet era , the region was notorious as the location of numerous “ gulags ”. The city of Magadan was only founded in 1939 as a transit city for the deportation of forced laborers to the mining areas. In the last censuses in 2002 and 2010, there were a population of 182,726 and 156,996 residents respectively. The number of inhabitants thus fell by 25,730 people (−14.08%) in these eight years. In 2010, 149,811 people lived in cities. This corresponds to 95.42% of the population (in Russia 73%). By January 1, 2014, the population decreased further to 150,312 people.

The area is remote and extremely sparsely populated. As a result of the decline in the extraction of raw materials, it has lost almost 60% (1989–2010: −59.92%) of its inhabitants, mainly Russians , due to emigration to central Russia. The previously well represented groups of immigrants, the Ukrainians , Belarusians and Tatars, have also moved away in droves.

Population development

The area was hardly populated until the Stalin era . In the first census of the Soviet Union in 1926, only around 7,000 people were counted. The population grew rapidly due to the deportations of forced laborers. The 1939 census already showed 149,712 inhabitants (27,313 in the city of Magadan, 21,887 in Ola district, 1,793 in Severo-Evenkia district and 98,719 in Srednekan district). On December 3, 1953, these areas were separated from Khabarovsk Krai and the Magadan Oblast, which still exists today, was formed.

Number of inhabitants

year	1926	1939	1959	1970	1979	1989	2002	2010	2014
Residents	7,000	149.712	188,889	251.297	336,951	391,687	182,726	156.996	150.312

Note : In 1926 and 1939 the later area of ​​the Oblast, founded in 1953, was part of the Khabarovsk region . The population figures do not include the residents of the national district, from 1980 the Chukchi Autonomous Okrug , which belonged to the oblast until 1992.

Urban and rural populations

Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, there has not only been an emigration to other regions of Russia. There has been a massive rural exodus since 1990. Whole villages lost most of their inhabitants. The urban population has also decreased since 1989. Nevertheless, the proportion of urban residents has grown steadily.

Urban and rural populations

	1989 census		2002 census		2010 census
	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of
city	328.293	83.82%	168,725	92.34%	149.811	95.42%
country	63,394	16.18%	14.001	7.66%	7.185	4.58%
Residents	391,687	100%	182,726	100%	156.996	100%

Ethnic groups

The indigenous peoples made up almost the entire population of the area until the early years of the Soviet Union, although at that time it had been part of the Russian Empire for over 200 years . After the deportations to the forced labor and penal camps under Stalin and the discovery of numerous minable raw materials, this changed. The indigenous ethnic groups are today, as in most areas of Siberia and the Far East, a small minority. They consist of almost 6000 people (2002: 5994, 2010: 5854) and make up around 4% of the population. Despite emigration, the majority of the area's population is still Russian.

The distribution of the different ethnic groups was as follows:

Population of the oblast by ethnic group

nationality	VZ 1989	percent	VZ 2002	percent	VZ 2010	percent
Russians	294,500	75.19	146,511	80.18	127.936	81.49
Ukrainians	58.172	14.85	18,068	9.89	9,857	6.28
Ewenen	2,433	0.62	2,527	1.38	2,635	1.68
Tatars	5,752	1.47	2.006	1.10	1,415	0.90
Belarusians	7,381	1.88	2,169	1.19	1,121	0.71
Koryaks	918	0.23	888	0.49	900	0.57
Ingush	717	0.18	808	0.44	743	0.47
Itelmenen	492	0.13	643	0.35	613	0.39
Azerbaijanis	946	0.24	563	0.31	572	0.36
Uzbeks	582	0.15	201	0.11	523	0.33
Residents	391,687	100.00	182,726	100.00	156.996	100.00

Note: the proportions relate to the total number of residents, i.e. including the group of people who did not provide information on their ethnic affiliation (2002 606 and 2010 4930 people)

Indigenous peoples

All ethnic groups who lived there before the Cossacks conquered the area are considered indigenous peoples . The Buryats as original inhabitants of another part of Asian Russia and the Kamchadals (mixed Russian-Itelmen population with Russian mother tongue, mainly in Kamchatka ) are also included.

Indigenous Asian ethnic groups

ethnicities	1989		2002		2010
Ewenen	2,433	0.62%	2,527	1.39%	2,635	1.73%
Koryaks	918	0.23%	888	0.49%	900	0.59%
Itelmenen	492	0.13%	643	0.35%	613	0.40%
Buryats	1,345	0.34%	466	0.26%	412	0.27%
Yakuts	643	0.16%	469	0.26%	407	0.27%
Chukchi	649	0.17%	248	0.14%	285	0.19%
Kamchadals	k.Ang.	? %	314	0.17%	280	0.18%
Oroch	36	0.01%	126	0.07%	76	0.05%
Jukagiren	68	0.02%	79	0.04%	71	0.05%

Note: The Kamchadals were not counted as a separate ethnic group in 1989. Because of their Russian-Itelmen origins, they probably passed themselves off as Russians or Itelmen at the time

economy

The most important industry is mining; especially gold, silver and tin are mined. Fishing and energy generation are also important.

Administrative division

Magadan Oblast is divided into eight Rajons and one urban district . A total of 24 urban and 15 rural communities are subordinate to the Rajons (as of 2010).

	Rajon / urban district	Residents	Area (km²)	Population density (inh / km²)	Urban population	Rural population	Administrative headquarters	More places	Number of urban communities	Number of rural communities
I.	Magadan	106,338	2,950	36	106,338	-		Sokol , Uptar	3	-
7th	Hasynsky	7,716	19,200	0.40	7,346	370	Palatka	Atka , Karamken , Stekolny , Talaja	5	-
8th	Jagodinsky	10,285	29,500	0.35	10.155	130	Jagodnoye	Burchala , Debin , Orotukan , Sinegorje	5	-
1	Olski	10,610	75,900	0.14	7,410	3,200	Ola	Poor in	2	7th
2	Omsukchansky	5,469	60,400	0.09	5,449	20th	Omsukhan	Ducat	2	-
3	Severo-Evensky	2,573	102,000	0.03	1,403	1,170	Evensk		1	5
4th	Srednekanski	3.176	91,800	0.03	2,506	670	Seimchan		1	3
5	Sussumanski	9,513	46,800	0.20	9,505	8th	Sussuman	Cholodny , Kadyktschan , Mjaundscha , Shiroki	4th	-
6th	Tenkinski	5,568	35,600	0.16	4.012	1,556	Ust-Omtschug	imeni Gastello , Madaun , Omtschak	4th	-

Remarks:

1. ↑ Number of the Rajons / District (in alphabetical order of the names in Russian )
2. ↑ The information on urban and rural populations is only partially meaningful, since with the population dropping sharply, a number of small towns, some of which have fewer than 1000 inhabitants, still have the status of urban-type settlements, the residents of which are considered urban populations in Russian statistics as well as the nomadic or semi-nomadic members of the indigenous peoples who are registered in these places.
3. ↑ partly in community-free area
4. ^ Urban-type settlements or municipalities
5. ↑ rural settlements, which are, however, centers of urban communities; In the 2010 population data, the inhabitants are included in the rural population

places

In addition to the administrative center of Magadan, Magadan Oblast has only one other city , Sussuman , and 28 urban-type settlements (according to the census according to Rosstat ; according to the Oblast Administration, six of the settlements - Belitschan , Bolshevik , Galimy , Kadyktschan , Spornoje and Verkhny) have At-Urjach - this status has now been lost and are now formally rural settlements, but were largely given up completely).

Biggest places

City * / City settlement	Russian	Residents (October 14, 2010)
Magadan *	Магадан	95,982
Ola	Ола	6.215
Sussuman *	Сусуман	5,855
Sokol	Сокол	4,685
Palatka	Палатка	4,244
Jagodnoye	Ягодное	4.210
Omsukhan	Омсукчан	4.157
Ust-Omtschug	Усть-Омчуг	3,914

See also : List of cities in Magadan Oblast

Web links

Commons : Magadan Oblast  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Official website of Magadan Oblast

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Administrativno-territorialʹnoe delenie po subʺektam Rossijskoj Federacii na 1 janvarja 2010 goda (administrative-territorial division according to subjects of the Russian Federation as of January 1, 2010). ( Download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
3. ↑ 2010 population figures from the Federal Service for State Statistics of Russia (calculation as of January 1; Excel file; 562 kB)