Smolensk Oblast

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Subject of the Russian Federation
Smolensk Oblast
Смоленская область
flag coat of arms
flag
coat of arms
Federal district Central Russia
surface 49,779  km²
population 985,537 inhabitants
(as of October 14, 2010)
Population density 20 inhabitants / km²
Administrative center Smolensk
Official language Russian
Ethnic
composition 		Russians (93.4%)
Ukrainians (1.7%)
Belarusians (1.5%)
(as of 2002)
governor Alexei Ostrowski
Founded September 27, 1937
Time zone UTC + 3
Telephone prefixes (+7) 481xx
Postcodes 214000-216999
License Plate 67
OKATO 66
ISO 3166-2 RU-SMO
Website admin.smolensk.ru
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Coordinates: 54 ° 44 '  N , 33 ° 4'  E

The Smolensk Oblast ( Russian Смоленская область , Smolenskaja oblast ) is an oblast in western Russia on the Belarusian border.

geography

The oblast consists mainly of the Smolensk hill country, the Dnieper flows through it from east to west. The region is conveniently located in terms of transport, the road and rail connections from Moscow to Belarus , the Kaliningrad Oblast and the countries of Eastern Central Europe run through it. The climate is temperate continental with warm summers and mild winters by Russian standards.

The oblast is heavily forested, the forests make up an important part of the economy: on the one hand, the hilly forests and lakes are popular local recreation areas, on the other hand, the wood industry is an important branch of industry. Diamond grinding, the metal industry and mechanical engineering are also important.

history

The oblast has existed under its current name since 1937. It emerged from the West Oblast that was newly formed in 1929 from the territories of several dissolved governorates .

The Smolensk Archive , captured by the Wehrmacht in 1941 during World War II , initially used Hitler's Germany and later the USA for propaganda purposes until it was returned in 2003.

population

In the last Russian censuses in 2002 and 2010, there were a population of 1,049,574 and 985,537 residents, respectively. The number of inhabitants thus fell by 64,037 people (−6.10%) in these eight years. 716,299 people lived in cities in 2010. This corresponds to 72.68% of the population (in Russia 73%). By January 1, 2014, the population decreased further to 967,896 people. The distribution of the different ethnic groups was as follows:

Population of the oblast by ethnic group
nationality VZ 1989 percent VZ 2002 percent VZ 2010 percent
Russians 1,085,161 94.07 980.073 93.38 893.675 90.68
Ukrainians 21,789 1.89 17,362 1.65 12,223 1.24
Belarusians 22,384 1.94 16,231 1.55 12,012 1.22
Armenians 1,094 0.09 3,893 0.37 4,776 0.48
Roma 3,316 0.29 3,011 0.29 2,805 0.28
Azerbaijanis 1,614 0.14 2,416 0.23 2,705 0.27
Tatars 2.163 0.19 2,424 0.23 2,239 0.23
Uzbeks 570 0.05 533 0.05 1,267 0.13
Moldovans 1,084 0.09 924 0.09 1,183 0.12
Jews 3,536 0.31 1,434 0.14 977 0.10
German 820 0.07 1,133 0.11 795 0.08
Tschuwaschen 1,194 0.10 735 0.07 581 0.06
Residents 1,153,569 100.00 1,049,574 100.00 985,537 100.00

Note: the proportions refer to the total number of inhabitants. Including the group of people who did not provide any information about their ethnic affiliation (2002 11,002 and 2010 41,457 people)

The area's population is more than 90% Russian. The Ukrainians and Belarusians are the most important ethnic minorities in Smolensk Oblast. Their number - like the number of Zigans (Roma), Jews and Russian Germans - is falling sharply, however. By contrast, thousands of people have immigrated from the North Caucasus, Transcaucasus and Central Asia since the end of the Soviet Union. In addition to the nationalities listed above, there are also many Tajiks (1989: 206; 2010: 938 people), Georgians (1989: 394; 2010: 752) and Ingush (1989: none; 2010: 660).

Administrative divisions and cities

The Smolensk Oblast is divided into 25 Rajons and two urban districts . There are 15 cities and 10 urban-type settlements . The most important cities besides the administrative center of Smolensk are Roslavl and Vyazma .

The Kopitenskaya Tower of the Smolensk Kremlin
Biggest cities
Surname Russian Residents
(October 14, 2010)
Smolensk Смоленск 326.861
Vyasma Вязьма 57.101
Roslavl Рославль 54,900
Jarzewo Ярцево 47,848
Safonovo Сафоново 46.116
Gagarin Гагарин 31,721
Desnogorsk Десногорск 29,677

Web links

Commons : Smolensk Oblast  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Administrativno-territorialʹnoe delenie po subʺektam Rossijskoj Federacii na 1 janvarja 2010 goda (administrative-territorial division according to subjects of the Russian Federation as of January 1, 2010). ( Download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
  2. ↑ a b Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)