Tyumen Oblast

Subject of the Russian Federation Tyumen Oblast Тюменская область flag coat of arms Federal district Ural surface 160,122  km² population 1,340,608 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010) Population density 8.4 inhabitants / km² Administrative center Tyumen Official language Russian Ethnic composition Russians (82.3%) Tatars (8.1%) Ukrainians (1.7%) Germans (1.2%) (as of 2002) governor Vladimir Yakushev Founded August 14, 1944 Time zone UTC + 5 Telephone prefixes (+7) 345xx Postcodes 625000-627999 License Plate 72 OKATO 71 ISO 3166-2 RU-TYU Website www.admtyumen.ru

Coordinates: 57 ° 39 '  N , 69 ° 0'  E

The Tyumen Oblast ( Russian Тюменская область / Tjumenskaja oblast ) is an oblast in Russia . From an administrative point of view, the Khanty and Mansi / Yugra and Yamal-Nenets autonomous districts also belong to Tyumen Oblast, but they form independent federal subjects. The asteroid (2120) Tyumenia was named after the oblast.

geography

The oblast in the narrower sense is located in the south of the West Siberian lowlands and borders in the north on the Khanty and Mansi Autonomous District , in the east on the Tomsk and Omsk Oblast , in the southeast on Kazakhstan and in the west on the Kurgan Oblast and the Sverdlovsk Oblast . The most important rivers are the Irtysh and its tributaries Tobol and Ishim .

Without the autonomous districts of the Khanty and Mansi and the Yamal-Nenets, the oblast has an area of ​​159,870 km² and over 1.3 million inhabitants, with the autonomous districts just under 3.4 million inhabitants on 1,378,319 km².

history

The history of Russian settlement began at the end of the 16th century. The city of Tobolsk was even the capital of Siberia for a while. The Tyumen Oblast of the Russian SFSR was formed on August 14, 1944 from areas previously belonging to the Oblasts of Omsk and Kurgan .

population

In the last Russian censuses in 2002 and 2010, there were a population of 1,325,018 and 1,340,608 residents respectively. Thus, the population increased by 15,590 people (+1.18%) in these eight years. In 2010, 808,984 people lived in cities. This corresponds to 60.34% of the population (in Russia 73%). The distribution of the different ethnic groups was as follows:

The Tura River in Tyumen Raion

Population of the oblast by ethnic group

nationality	VZ 1989	percent	VZ 2002	percent	VZ 2010	percent
Russians	1,105,149	83.70	1,091,571	82.38	1,066 066	79.52
Tatars	103.303	7.82	106,954	8.07	102,587	7.65
Ukrainians	26,864	2.03	22,054	1.66	16,988	1.27
Kazakhs	11,170	0.85	12,977	0.98	13,232	0.99
German	17,452	1.32	16,320	1.23	12,048	0.90
Tschuwaschen	13,579	1.03	11,214	0.85	8,623	0.64
Azerbaijanis	3.191	0.24	8,918	0.67	8,282	0.62
Armenians	1,412	0.11	6,777	0.51	7,594	0.57
Belarusians	8,673	0.66	6,489	0.49	4,465	0.33
Tajiks	425	0.03	1,734	0.13	3053	0.23
Uzbeks	1,054	0.08	1,569	0.12	2,998	0.22
Bashkirs	3,078	0.23	2,836	0.21	2,680	0.20
Residents	1,320,417	100.00	1,325,018	100.00	1,340,608	100.00

Note: the proportions refer to the total number of inhabitants excluding the population of the Khanty-Mansi and Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Counties. Including the group of people who did not provide any information about their ethnic affiliation (2002 10,699 and 2010 68,148 people)

About 80% of the population of the area is Russian. The Tatars are the most important ethnic minority in Tyumen Oblast. The number of Ukrainians, Russian Germans (1959: 21,158 people), Chuvashes, Belarusians and Bashkirs is falling sharply. By contrast, thousands of people have immigrated from the North Caucasus, Transcaucasus and Central Asia since the end of the Soviet Union. In addition to the nationalities listed above, there are also many Kyrgyz people (1989: 560; 2010: 1,825 people) and Ingush (1989: 976; 2010: 1,673).

The peoples of the autonomous counties are only sparsely represented in the actual Tyumen Oblast. The censuses resulted in: Chanten (1989: 1,232; 2010: 720), Mansen (1989: 490; 2010: 471) and Nenzen (1989: 558; 2010: 411).

economy

The most important branches of industry are the petrochemical industry, wood processing and mechanical engineering. Due to the wealth of oil and natural gas, the area is one of the richest in Russia. If the Khanty and Mansi / Yugra and Yamalo-Nenets are included, Tyumen Oblast has the highest regional GDP per capita of any area in Russia. Broken down by federal subjects, the actual Tyumen Oblast is also in the forefront according to this parameter, but is exceeded many times over by the two autonomous districts, in particular that of the Khanty and Mansi.

partnership

The state of Lower Saxony has been a partner region of the Tyumen Oblast since 1992 .

Administrative division and largest localities

→ Main article : Administrative divisions of Tyumen Oblast

The Tyumen Oblast is divided into 22 Rajons and five urban districts . The city districts are made up of the five cities in the oblast; besides the administrative center of Tyumen, Tobolsk and Ishim are the most important.

Aerial view of the Tobolsk Kremlin

 Map with all coordinates: OSM | WikiMap

Cities

Surname	Russian	City district / Rajon	Residents (October 14, 2010)	coat of arms	location
Ishim	Ишим	Urban district	65,243		56 ° 7 '  N , 69 ° 30'  E
Yalutorovsk	Ялуторовск	Urban district	36,493		56 ° 39 '  N , 66 ° 18'  E
Zavodoukovsk	Заводоуковск	Urban district	25,647		56 ° 30 '  N , 66 ° 33'  E
Tyumen	Тюмень	Urban district	581.907		57 ° 9 '  N , 65 ° 32'  E
Tobolsk	Тобольск	Urban district	99,694		58 ° 12 '  N , 68 ° 15'  E

The previous five urban-type settlements were converted into rural settlements in 2009. Four of them had over 10,000 inhabitants at this point in time (as of January 1, 2009): Borowski (16,446), Winsili (12,739) and Bogandinski (10,374) in the Tyumen agglomeration ; also Golyschmanowo (14,582).

Web links

Commons : Tyumen Oblast  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Official website of Tyumen Oblast (Russian)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Administrativno-territorialʹnoe delenie po subʺektam Rossijskoj Federacii na 1 janvarja 2010 goda (administrative-territorial division according to subjects of the Russian Federation as of January 1, 2010). ( Download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
3. ↑ Ukas of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of August 14, 1944 (Russian)
4. ^ [1] Population of Tyumen Oblast 1989
5. ^ [2] Population of the Chanten and Mansen Autonomous District 1989
6. ^ [3] Population of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, 1989
7. ↑ Annual economic data from the Federal Service for State Statistics of Russia (Russian, partly English)
8. ^ Joint declaration of May 21, 1992 , accessed on September 1, 2015
9. ↑ Law of the Tyumen Oblast on changes to the administrative structure of February 12, 2009 (Russian; PDF  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Pp. 42–77)