Jarzewo

city Jarzewo Ярцево flag coat of arms Federal district Central Russia Oblast Smolensk Rajon Jarzewo mayor Yuri Pankow ( United Russia ) First mention 1779 City since 1926 surface 32  km² population 47,848 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 1495 inhabitants / km² Height of the center 190  m Time zone UTC + 3 Telephone code (+7) 48143 Post Code 215800-215807 License Plate 67 OKATO 66 258 501 Website admin.smolensk.ru/~yarcevo Geographical location Coordinates 55 ° 4 '  N , 32 ° 41'  E Coordinates: 55 ° 4 '0 "  N , 32 ° 41' 0"  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Smolensk Oblast

List of cities in Russia

Jarzewo ( Russian Ярцево ) is a city in the Smolensk Oblast ( Russia ) with 47,848 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).

geography

The city is located in western Russia, about 60 km northeast of the Oblast capital Smolensk on the river Vop , a right tributary of the Dnieper . It is located on the Moscow – Smolensk (- Brest - Berlin ) railway and the M1 trunk road .

Jarzewo is the administrative center of the Rajons of the same name .

history

A village Jarzowo was first mentioned in 1779. In 1859 it was known as Jarzewo-Perewos . After the railway line was opened in 1870/71, an economic boom began in the village with the establishment of a textile factory with an associated workers' settlement in 1873 by the Moscow merchant Alexei Chludow . As a result, a soap factory, a brick factory, a sawmill and a foundry were built. The strike of the Yarzewo weavers in September 1880 was one of the largest of this period in the Russian Empire.

A new residential area in Jarzewo

In 1926 Jarzewo received town charter with the simultaneous merging of several individual settlements.

During the Second World War , Jarzewo was the first city to be recaptured, at least temporarily, by the Red Army after Germany's attack on the Soviet Union during the Smolensk Kesselschlacht on July 19, 1941 . The city changed hands several times during the battle and was badly damaged. Eventually she remained under German occupation until she was finally liberated on September 19, 1943 as part of the Smolensk Operation .

In the 1970s, the Soviet government tried to turn Jarzewo into an important industrial location. The largest diesel engine factory in Europe was to be built here. Although these plans remained unrealized, Jarzewo got a large industrial area, which led to many people moving here from other parts of the Soviet Union. In the 1990s - during the post-Soviet transformation crisis after the collapse of the Soviet Union - industry in Yarzewo came to an almost complete standstill. Instead, retail trade flourished, stores and shopping centers were built, and more than 1,000 entrepreneurs settled in the city. Jarzewo's industry has been recovering since the late 2000s. Metallurgy and mechanical engineering are enjoying a higher priority again, which has also led to Jarzewo becoming a popular investment property for entrepreneurs from home and abroad.

Population development

year	Residents
1926	18,300
1939	36,706
1959	25,558
1970	36,662
1979	40,674
1989	52,304
2002	52,617
2010	47,848

Note: census data (1926 rounded)

Culture and sights

In Jarzewo, the Russian Orthodox Peter and Paul Church ( Zerkow Petra i Pawla ) from 1915 has been preserved. It was badly damaged, especially during World War II, reopened in 1986 and restored until 1995. In 1997 the newly built church was consecrated in honor of the icon of the Holy Mother of God "Joy to all mourners" . More new Orthodox churches were built in the 2000s.

On May 9, 2015, the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War , the church is to be opened in honor of George the Victory . The foundation stone was laid on May 6, 2007.

The city has a local history museum and, since 1975, a history museum focusing on the history of the 20th century.

One of the oldest Lenin monuments in Russia can be found in Yarzewo.

Camp for German prisoners of war

In the city there was a prisoner of war camp 401 for German prisoners of war of the Second World War.

economy

In addition to the textile industry ( Jarzewoer cotton combine , the city's largest company with 1,600 employees) there are companies for metal processing, mechanical engineering and the construction industry.

sons and daughters of the town

• Alexander Kurosch (1908–1971), mathematician
• Alexander Leonow (* 1960), General
• Swetlana Schkolina (* 1986), high jumper

Web links

Commons : Jarzewo  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• City administration website (Russian)
• Jarzewo on mojgorod.ru (Russian)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ Erich Maschke (ed.): On the history of the German prisoners of war of the Second World War. Verlag Ernst and Werner Gieseking, Bielefeld 1962–1977.
3. ↑ Щит над войсками , redstar.ru (Russian)