Monastyrshchina (Smolensk)
Urban-type settlement
Monastyrshchina
Монастырщина
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Monastyrschtschina ( Russian Монасты́рщина ) is an urban-type settlement in the Smolensk Oblast in Russia with 4065 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).
geography
The place is about 50 km as the crow flies south-southwest of the Smolensk Oblast Administrative Center, a good 25 km from the state border with Belarus . It is located on the left bank of the right Sosch tributary Wichra .
Monastyrschtschina is the administrative center of the Monastyrschtschinski Rajons and the seat and only locality of the municipality Monastyrschtschinskoje gorodskoje posselenije.
history
The place goes back to a monastery (Russian monastyr ), which was there at the turn of the 14th century and gave it its name. From the end of the 18th century Monastyrschtschina belonged to the Ujesd Mstislavl of the Mogiljow governorate . In the course of the 19th century it developed into one of the larger shtetls in the region with a Jewish population of over 80% from the middle of the century.
In 1929 Monastyrschtschina became the administrative seat of a newly created Rajons named after him. During the Second World War , the place was occupied by the German Wehrmacht from July 16, 1941 to the end of September 1943 . In September 1942 a ghetto for the Jewish population was set up in the village . By February 1942, almost all Jews from Monastyrschina and the Rajon were shot, a total of about 4,000.
In 1965 the place received urban-type settlement status.
Monument to the Great Patriotic War "Avenue of Heroes"
Population development
year | Residents |
---|---|
1783 | 216 |
1897 | 2696 |
1939 | 2755 |
1959 | 2159 |
1970 | 3555 |
1979 | 4760 |
1989 | 5166 |
2002 | 4622 |
2010 | 4065 |
Note: from 1897 census data
traffic
Regional road 66K-23 leads to Monastyrschtschina, which branches off the federal highway R120 Oryol - Bryansk - Smolensk a good 35 km east of the neighboring district center Pochinok . To the southeast the 66K-25 leads to Chislavichi , to the north the 66K-22 leads directly to Smolensk.
The nearest train station on the Bryansk - Smolensk line is in Pochinok.
Sons and daughters of the place
- Peretz Smolenskin (1842–1885), Russian-Hebrew writer and publicist
literature
- Monastyrshchina , in: Guy Miron (Ed.): The Yad Vashem encyclopedia of the ghettos during the Holocaust . Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2009 ISBN 978-965-308-345-5 , p. 497
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)