Seimchan

Urban-type settlement Seimchan Seymchan Federal district far East Oblast Magadan Rajon Srednekanski Founded 17th century Urban-type settlement since 1953 population 2818 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Height of the center 210  m Time zone UTC + 11 Telephone code (+7) 41347 Post Code 686162 License Plate 49 OKATO 44 210 551 Geographical location Coordinates 62 ° 56 '  N , 152 ° 23'  E Coordinates: 62 ° 56 '0 "  N , 152 ° 23' 0"  E

Situation in Russia

Location in Magadan Oblast

Seimtschan ( Russian Сеймча́н ) is an urban-type settlement in the Magadan Oblast ( Russia ) with 2818 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).

geography

The settlement is located on the northeastern edge of the Seimtschan-Bujunda Depression (Seimtschano-Bujundinskaja wpadina) , an extensive lowland that stretches on the central reaches of the Kolyma and its right tributary Bujunda between the Tscherski Mountains , the southeastern foothills of the Moma Mountains and the northern foothills of the Kolyma Mountains . Seimtschan is located about 380 kilometers as the crow flies north-northeast of the Magadan Oblast Administrative Center on the right bank of the Seimtschan River, not far from its confluence from the left with the Kolyma.

Seimtschan administrative center is the Rajons Srednekanski .

In 1967 a meteorite was found in the northwest of the area in a tributary of the left Kolyma tributary Jassachnaja , which was named Seymchan (according to the English transcription ) after the place and the river Seimtschan .

history

The village was founded by Yakuts towards the end of the 17th century . Its current name is derived from the Yakut word chejymtschen for polynya . Later a church was built, and in the 19th century the trade route from the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk to Kolyma, the Ola - Kolyma tract , passed through the village.

The economic development of the area began with the opening of the first gold mines in 1931, the discovery and subsequent use of the Elgen lignite deposit in 1932, tin deposits in 1937 and cobalt ores at the beginning of the 1940s. The construction of today's Seimtschan settlement began in 1940. During the Second World War , an airfield was built there that was used to transfer aircraft from the United States to the Soviet Union as part of the lend lease program . On the way from Alaska Seimtschan station was between the neighboring stage destinations Syrjanka further below on the Kolyma and Oimjakon in East Yakutia.

From 1949 to 1955 Nizhny Seimtschan (most recently the Kolymskoje district , a few kilometers south of the center directly on the Kolyma, abandoned in 2005) was the administration of the Southwest Penal Camp (JusLag) of the Dalstroi administration in the Gulag system with up to 5,700 prisoners, were used in tin and gold mining as well as construction and forestry.

In 1953 the status of urban-type settlement was given.

Population development

year	Residents
1939	279
1959	4087
1970	6786
1979	8234
1989	9963
2002	3725
2010	2818

Note: census data

Culture and sights

Seimtschan has a local museum.

Economy and Infrastructure

The settlement is the logistic center for the economic activities in the Rajon, mainly the mining (gold and silver) that remained after the economic crisis of the 1990s. Agriculture is practiced in the area for local supplies.

There is an airport ( ICAO code UHMS ) on the south-eastern edge of the town . A 200-kilometer route that crosses the Kolyma on a new bridge above the Ust-Srednekan settlement connects to the M56 trunk road (formerly Kolyma ), which leads to Magadan, a good 500 kilometers from Seimtschan.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ ^{a b} Srednekanski Rajon in the regional information portal kolyma.ru (Russian)
3. ↑ Documentation about Seimtschan and the airport from World War II (Russian)
4. ↑ Southwestern ITL in the GULAG website of Memorial Deutschland e. V.
5. ↑ ^{a b} Seimtschan on the website of the Geographical Institute of the RAN (Russian)
6. ↑ Information about the museum at museum.ru (Russian)