Manfred Kyber

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Manfred Kyber (born February 18 July / March 1,  1880 greg. In Riga , then Russian Empire ; † March 10, 1933 in Löwenstein ) was a German writer , theater critic , playwright , poet and translator of German-Baltic origin, who was mainly through became famous for his unusual animal stories.

Life

Manfred Kyber Museum in Löwenstein

Manfred Kyber was the son of a Baltic landowner and grew up in Paltemal in Livonia . He fell out with his father because of his admiration for Heinrich Heine . After completing high school in Riga and Saint Petersburg (without a high school diploma), he began studying psychology and natural philosophy at the University of Leipzig in 1900 . Although he felt more drawn to poetry and the Leipzig art scene, where he made the acquaintance of Max Klinger , among other things , his father initially ordered that he graduate from a regular degree.

In 1902 the father died unexpectedly, whereupon Kyber had to drop out of his studies. In the same year his first volume of poetry was published. The (illegitimate) daughter Leonie emerged in 1904 from a love affair with the writer and composer Elisabeth Gerlach-Wintzer, who set some of his poems to music. He then moved to Berlin , where he first worked as an editor and later as a lecturer for a publishing house . He wrote songs for the Überbrettl stage run by Ernst von Wolhaben and Hanns Heinz Ewers .

Grave of Manfred Kybers

In 1909 he married the Baltic theosophist Elisabeth Boltho von Hohenbach. In 1911 he met Rudolf Steiner and joined his anthroposophical movement. During the First World War , Kyber was a civil prisoner because of his Russian passport ; his literary work was thus limited even during the war years. In 1918 he traveled to Riga, where he took over the management of the Deutsche Volksbühne.

In 1919 he moved with his wife to Stuttgart , where he worked as an employee for the company magazine of the Waldorf-Astoria-Zigarettenfabrik , as editor of the Unionsverlag, as a freelance theater critic for the Kunstführer , the Schwäbischer Merkur and the Walter Seifert Verlag and at the adult education center on occultism lectured; the lectures were then also published by him. In 1922 he divorced, then adopted his daughter Leonie and in 1923 finally went to Löwenstein with her , where he lived in modest circumstances and (self-chosen) loneliness.

During this time he began to take sides and donate for animal welfare . Animal experiments in particular , which he considered to be a "western cultural disgrace", attracted his attention. In his book Animal Welfare and Culture , published in 1925 , he made extensive comments on this topic. Kyber also did not shy away from the debate with high-ranking doctors: in 1932 he wrote a contribution to a collection of articles by the Swiss dentist Ludwig Fliegel . In it, Kyber and other authors, such as Theodor Lessing , attempted to refute a famous speech by the bacteriologist Paul Uhlenhuth , in which this opponent of animal experiments had described them as "ignorant and deluded". Kyber replied that the dispute over animal experiments was primarily a moral question and that he liked to count himself among the ignorant and blinded in the sense of Uhlenhuth: “I wish the fight against scientific animal torture as many ignorant and blinded people of this kind as were necessary to overthrow legal torture. "

In 1933 he was buried in Löwenstein in the forest cemetery next to the grave of Friederike Hauffe , the famous "Seer of Prevorst". The elementary school in Löwenstein bears his name. The Manfred Kyber Museum there documents the entire estate .

Prizes and awards

Works

Stories and fairy tales
  • Three forest fairy tales . Seemann, Leipzig 1903.
  • Among animals . Vita Deutsches Verlagshaus, Berlin 1912.
  • Fairy tale . Vita, Stuttgart 1920.
  • In the course of the clock. Cœur-As. Two novels . Union Deutsche VG, Stuttgart 1922.
  • Half-mast flagged. Nordic stories. Seifert Verlag, Heilbronn 1921.
  • The king entertainer. An Indian fairy tale. Datterer, Freising 1921. Reprint: Drei Eichen Verlag, Hammelburg 2007, ISBN 3-7699-0604-7 .
  • New animal stories . Grethlein, Leipzig 1926.
  • Grotesques. Seifert Verlag, Stuttgart 1922.
  • The mouse ball and other animal tales . Union Deutsche VG, Stuttgart 1927.
  • Puppet show. New fairy tales . Grethlein, Leipzig 1928.
Poetry
Novels
  • Little Veronica's three lights. The novel of a child's soul in this and that world , Grethlein, Leipzig / Zurich 1929. Reprint: Heyne, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-453-40130-1 .
Plays
  • Master Mathias. Dramatic poem. Walter Seifert Verlag, Stuttgart / Heilbronn [UA 1908], 2nd edition 1923.
  • Three mysteries. The star of Judah. The ninth hour. The chalice of Avalon. Dramas , Vita, Berlin 1913.
  • The Wandering Soul • Death and the Little Girl. Two fairy tale games. Seifert Verlag, Stuttgart 1920.
  • Coastal fire. Drama. Seifert Verlag, Stuttgart 1923.
Non-fiction
  • Introduction to the entire field of occultism from antiquity to the present , Union Deutsche Verlagsgesellschaft, Stuttgart 1923 (Reprint: Verlag Aurinia, Hamburg 2007, ISBN 978-3-937392-91-2 ).
  • Animal protection and culture , Grethlein, Leipzig / Zurich 1925 (reprint: Artha, Haslach 1994, ISBN 3-89575-081-6 ).
  • New humanity. Reflections in the twelfth hour , Hesse & Becker, Leipzig 1931 (reprint: New human being. Spirituality in politics, culture and society , Aurinia, Hamburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-937392-94-3 ).
Work editions
  • Collected animal stories , Hesse & Becker, Leipzig 1926.
  • Collected fairy tales , Hesse & Becker, Leipzig 1928.
  • Manfred Kyber series. A work edition , Aurinia-Verlag, Hamburg 2009.
  1. All the dramas. Master Mathias. The three mysteries. The wandering soul. Death and the Little Girl , ISBN 978-3-937392-41-7 .
  2. All the poems. Poems. The blacksmith from the island. Quiet Land , ISBN 978-3-937392-42-4 .
  3. Fairy tales and grotesques. Puppet show. Three forest fairy tales. Grotesques. The Königsgaukler , ISBN 978-3-937392-43-1 .
  4. Novellas and short stories. In the course of the clock. Cœur-As. Nordic Stories , ISBN 978-3-937392-44-8 .
Posthumous editions
  • The Manfred Kyber book. Animal stories and fairy tales. Wegner, Hamburg 1969; Reprint: Rowohlt, Reinbek 2003, ISBN 3-498-03420-0 .
  • Elmenor Castle and other fairy tales . Rowohlt, Reinbek 1983; Reprint: Drei Eichen Verlag, Hammelburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-7699-0620-2 .
  • The bright night of the mythological figures. Stories from a world in which mysterious and grotesque things happen. Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, Munich 1987, ISBN 3-453-00319-5
  • The Congress of Earthworms. Animal stories. Fairy tales and grotesques . Verlag der Morgen, Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-371-00210-1 .
  • The Keys to Heaven and Other Short Stories . Drei Eichen Verlag, Hammelburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-7699-0617-2 .
  • Our legacy. First publication from the estate , Aurinia Verlag, Hamburg 2010, ISBN 978-3937392-45-5 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Paul Uhlenhuth: The importance of animal experiments for medicine, especially for recognizing the essence, recognizing and fighting epidemics. Freiburg 1929.
  2. ↑ Ludwig Fliegel: The failure of animal experiments in medicine, especially in combating epidemics (with contributions by Gennaro Ciaburri , Manfred Kyber, F. Landmann, Theodor Lessing, Oehninger, E. Schlegel). Association against Vivisection Basel, Bern and Zurich / International Association for Combating Scientific Animal Torture, Dresden / Association of Swiss Vaccination Opponents, Zurich 1931, pp. 74–75.

literature

  • Adolf von Keussler: Carl Manfred Kyber. In: German Monthly Journal for Russia , 5 (1913), pp. 402–416 ( digitized version in the Latvian National Library )
  • Reichs Handbuch der Deutschen Gesellschaft - The handbook of personalities in words and pictures . First volume, Deutscher Wirtschaftsverlag, Berlin 1930, ISBN 3-598-30664-4
  • Gertrud Karger: Manfred Kyber. Poet and animal lover , Hesse & Becker, Leipzig undated (1936)
  • Ingeborg Günther: Manfred Kyber 1880–1933. Attempted a monograph , dissertation, Vienna 1954
  • Anton Brieger: In the twelfth hour. Manfred Kyber, seer and poet , Rudolf Fischer, Pforzheim 1973
  • Franz Menges :  Kyber, Manfred. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1982, ISBN 3-428-00194-X , p. 354 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Gisela Ullrich: Banished to a strange world - the poet Manfred Kyber and Karl-Heinz Dähn : Manfred Kyber. Poet and fighter in the first third of the 20th century. Attempt at a life outline . In: "Yearbook of the Heilbronn Historical Society", 30 (1983)
  • Karl-Heinz Dähn : Manfred Kyber - a place of longing. Biographical stations in the life and work of the poet and fighter , Aurinia, Hamburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-937392-11-0
  • Andreas Butz: Manfred Kyber. In: Maria Magdalena Rückert (Ed.): Württembergische biographies including Hohenzollern personalities. Volume II. On behalf of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-17-021530-6 , pp. 171-172.
  • Carola L. Gottzmann; Petra Hörner: Lexicon of German-Language Literature from the Baltic States and St. Petersburg , Vol. 2, Verlag Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, pp. 803–808, ISBN 978-3-11019338-1

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Kyber, Manfred
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer of German Baltic origin
DATE OF BIRTH March 1, 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH Riga
DATE OF DEATH March 10, 1933
Place of death Lion's Arch