Geneva

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Geneva
Genève
Coat of arms of Geneva Genève
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Canton of GenevaCanton of Geneva Geneva (GE)
District : No district division
BFS no. : 6621i1 f3 f4
Postal code : 1201–1209 Genève
1215 Genève ( Aéroport )
1227 Les Acacias
UN / LOCODE : CH GVA
Coordinates : 500532  /  117325 coordinates: 46 ° 12 '0 "  N , 6 ° 9' 0"  O ; CH1903:  500532  /  117325
Height : 375  m above sea level M.
Height range : 368–458 m above sea level M.
Area : 15.93  km²
Resident: i203,951 (December 31, 2019)
Population density : 12,803 inhabitants per km²
Proportion of foreigners :
(residents without
Swiss citizenship ) 		47.9% (December 31, 2019)
Mayor : Frédérique Perler ( Greens ), 2021/2022
Website: www.geneve.ch
View of Geneva from Mont Salève

View of Geneva from Mont Salève
Location of the municipality
Genfersee Frankreich Céligny Kanton Waadt Aire-la-Ville Anières Avully Avusy Bardonnex Bellevue GE Bernex GE Carouge Cartigny GE Céligny Chancy Chêne-Bougeries Chêne-Bourg Choulex Collex-Bossy Collonge-Bellerive Cologny Confignon Corsier GE Dardagny Genf Genthod Gy GE Hermance Jussy GE Laconnex Lancy Le Grand-Saconnex Meinier Meyrin Onex Perly-Certoux Plan-les-Ouates Pregny-Chambésy Presinge Puplinge Russin Satigny Soral GE Thônex Troinex Vandœuvres Vernier Versoix Veyrier GEMap of Geneva Genève
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City of Geneva
Quarters of Geneva
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Official logo of the city of Geneva

Geneva ( Swiss German Gämf, Gänf, Geneva; French Genève [ ʒənɛv, ʒnɛv ]; Franco-Provencal Geneva [ ðəˈnɛva, ˈzɛnəva ]; Italian Ginevra ; Romansh Genevra ? / I ) is a city and political municipality and the capital of the canton of Geneva in Switzerland . Audio file / audio sample

The city is located on the southwestern tip of French-speaking Switzerland (Romandie) in the Lake Geneva region at the outflow of the Rhone from Lake Geneva . With its 203,951 inhabitants (December 31, 2019), Geneva is the second largest city in Switzerland after Zurich . 47.9 percent of the population do not have Swiss citizenship , making Geneva, along with Basel and Lausanne, one of the Swiss cities with a very high proportion of foreigners. The statistical population density of 12,835 inhabitants per square kilometer is extremely high by Swiss standards. The Geneva-Lausanne metropolitan region , with a population of 1.2 million, is an enlarged metropolitan area and the most important in French-speaking Switzerland.

In addition to New York City, the city ​​of Geneva is home to most of the world's international organizations , including the UN , CERN , ICRC , WHO , ILO , IOM , ISO , IEC , ITU , WIPO , WMO , WOSM and WTO . Together with Basel ( Bank for International Settlements ), New York City ( UN Headquarters ) and Strasbourg ( Council of Europe ), Geneva is one of the few cities in the world that functions as the seat of one of the most important international organizations, without the capital of a state to be. In addition, 175 states are diplomatically represented here, some of them maintain diplomatic representation in Switzerland not in the federal city of Bern , but in Geneva.

Geneva is the second largest financial center in Switzerland after Zurich , followed by Lugano . In 2018, Geneva ranks 26th in a ranking of the world's most important financial centers.

For years, Geneva has been listed alongside Zurich and Basel as part of the ten cities with the world's best quality of life and at the same time with the world's highest cost of living . In 2018, 18.6 percent of the population were millionaires (calculated in US dollars ). This makes Geneva, behind Monaco , the city with the second highest density of millionaires in the world.

geography

Historic aerial photo by Werner Friedli from 1966

Location and special features

Geneva lies between the foothills of the Alps and the Jura . The Mont Salève in the south of the city is considered to be their local mountain , but it is already on French territory. The city area is 15.89 square kilometers.

City structure

The urban area consists of the four districts ( French sections ) Cité, Plainpalais, Eaux-Vives and Petit-Saconnex . The last three correspond to the municipalities incorporated in 1930. The city districts are further subdivided into so-called city quarters :

Section Quarter No. BFS code Area
ha 		Population
(end of 2015) 		map
Cité Cité - Center 1 6621001 106 6,720
Quarters of Geneva
St-Gervais - Chantepoulet 2 6621002 47 4,474
Délices - Grottes - Montbrillant 3 6621003 68 13,806
Pâquis 4th 6621004 42 10,650
Plain Palace Champel 11 6621011 180 17,968
La Cluse 12th 6621012 46 16'050
Jonction 13th 6621013 97 15,704
Bâtie - Acacias 14th 6621014 139 4,835
Eaux-Vives Eaux-Vives - Lac 21 6621021 136 20,578
Florissant - Malagnou 22nd 6621022 118 15,018
Petit-Saconnex Sécheron 31 6621031 74 6,923
ONU 32 6621032 107 2,088
Grand-Pré - Vermont 33 6621033 62 10,617
Bouchet - Moillebeau 34 6621034 161 15,303
Charmilles - Châtelaine 35 6621035 115 23,537
St-Jean - Aire 36 6621036 94 9,529
and display information about the image
Panorama of the city with Jet d'eau (landmark), Mont Blanc and cathedral from the Rive Droite (Pâquis)
and display information about the image
Panorama of Geneva from Salève seen from

climate

The annual mean temperature is 10.5 ° C, with the coldest mean temperatures in January at 1.5 ° C and the warmest mean monthly temperatures measured at 20.2 ° C in July. On average, around 77 days of frost and nine days of ice are to be expected here. There are around 60 summer days on an annual average, while there are normally 15.0 hot days . The MeteoSwiss weather station is located at an altitude of 411  m above sea level. M. at Geneva Airport, approx. 6 km from the city center (as the crow flies ).

The highest temperature ever recorded in Geneva was 39.7 degrees Celsius (7 July 2015). The maximum value for the average duration of sunshine in January was reached in 2020 with 114.4 hours. This broke the previous record of 2008 (104.3 hours).

Geneva
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.
 
 
76
 
5
-2
 
 
68
 
6th
-1
 
 
70
 
11
2
 
 
72
 
15th
5
 
 
84
 
20th
9
 
 
92
 
24
12th
 
 
79
 
27
14th
 
 
82
 
26
14th
 
 
100
 
21
11
 
 
105
 
15th
7th
 
 
88
 
9
2
 
 
90
 
5
0
Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm
Source: Federal Office for Meteorology and Climatology (MeteoSwiss)
Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Geneva
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 4.5 6.3 11.2 14.9 19.7 23.5 26.5 25.8 20.9 15.4 8.8 5.3 O 15.3
Min. Temperature (° C) −1.5 −1.2 1.5 4.5 8.8 12.0 14.1 13.7 10.5 7.1 2.2 −0.1 O 6th
Temperature (° C) 1.5 2.5 6.2 9.7 14.2 17.7 20.2 19.5 15.4 11.1 5.5 2.6 O 10.6
Precipitation ( mm ) 76 68 70 72 84 92 79 82 100 105 88 90 Σ 1006
Hours of sunshine ( h / d ) 1.9 3.1 5.0 5.9 6.4 7.8 8.5 7.6 6.2 3.8 2.2 1.6 O 5
Rainy days ( d ) 9.5 8.1 9.0 8.9 10.6 9.3 7.6 7.9 8.1 10.1 9.9 10.0 Σ 109
Humidity ( % ) 81 76 69 67 69 66 64 67 73 79 81 81 O 72.7
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
4.5
−1.5
6.3
−1.2
11.2
1.5
14.9
4.5
19.7
8.8
23.5
12.0
26.5
14.1
25.8
13.7
20.9
10.5
15.4
7.1
8.8
2.2
5.3
−0.1
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g 		76
68
70
72
84
92
79
82
100
105
88
90
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

story

Origin and initial documentation

In the Celtic times, Geneva was a fortified border town between the Allobrogians and the Helvetii . The place name first attested to in Caesar's De bello Gallico (58 BC Genava ) is traditionally traced back to Celtic * exactlya ‹mouth› (cf. Welsh precisely , mouth ' ), like Genoa and Arguenon . Since Geneva is not located on an estuary, but on a drain, it was proposed as an alternative to derive the name from Indo-European * genu-, * gneu- ‹knee, corner, angle›.

Changing rulers until the 15th century

Geneva arrived around 120 BC. Under the rule of the Romans. At the time of the Roman Empire it served as a bridgehead , from 400 to 1536 it was a bishopric . In the fifth and ninth centuries it also served as the seat of the Burgundian kings. In 563 , many residents were killed in the Tauredunum event , a tsunami in Lake Geneva.

The Bishop of Geneva has had his own silver coins minted since the 10th century. From 1026 Geneva belonged to the Burgundian part of the Holy Roman Empire , within which it became an episcopal territory. On August 1, 1034, the acquisition of Burgundy by Conrad II (HRR) was celebrated in Geneva Cathedral. The legal district of the bishop was circumscribed against the claims of the Count of Geneva in the document Placitum de Seyssel of 1124. In 1162 Frederick I granted the diocese independence and imperial immediacy. In the 13th century, Geneva became an important trade fair city, which brought more influence to the urban bourgeoisie. In 1387, the Geneva bishop granted the city of Geneva various freedoms such as citizenship. In 1467, the Savoy granted the Geneva residents freedom of trade on their territory. Bishop Antoine Champion gathered around 500 priests in the church of St. Pierre in 1493 and denounced the vicious lifestyle of the clergy:

«People dedicated to the service of God must be distinguished by a pure life; but now our priests have surrendered to all vices and lead a more wicked life than the rest of the flock. Some wear open dresses, others put warrior helmets, pull red Cossacks or cuirasses to visit the markets, frequent the taverns and brothels, is behaving like comedians or itinerant actors, making false oaths, lend on pledges and sell shamefully perjurers and murderers Indulgences . "

- Antoine Champion , Bishop of Geneva, 7 May 1493, quoted in : Jean-Henri Merle d'Aubigné : From Huguenots and Mammelukes

Geneva between the 16th and 18th centuries

India factory from 1782 emigrated from Geneva to 1806 Austrian Constance

In 1526 Geneva joined a league of cities together with Bern and Friborg . After convincing sermons by Guillaume Farel , the Reformation was introduced in 1536 and the independent Republic of Geneva was proclaimed. Freiburg therefore dissolved its alliance with Geneva, whereupon the city tried several times in vain to be accepted as a location in the Swiss Confederation. Only the Protestant cities of Bern and Zurich concluded castle rights with Geneva in 1584 . The French reformer Johannes Calvin founded the Geneva Academy, now the University of Geneva , in 1559 . After the unsuccessful attempt to raid the city on a December night in 1602 ( Escalade de Genève ), Savoy recognized the independence of Geneva (Treaty of Saint Julien 1603). From 1540 to 1700, Geneva became an important refuge and new home for Italian and French evangelical refugees. The immigrant families were not only a burden for the city, but also a social and economic enrichment through their education and knowledge in silk production and trade and in the art of watchmaking, which they brought with them and settled in Geneva and the surrounding area.

In 1781, the bourgeoisie and workers gained supremacy, whereupon a representative democratic constitution was adopted, before the patriciate again seized power the following year with the help of Bernese-Savoyard troops and many industrialists emigrated as exponents of the bourgeoisie .

From city-state to Swiss canton 1798–1815

Map showing the creation of the Swiss canton of Geneva and the free zones from 1814 to 1860
1 sol from 1825
5 francs from 1848
Frances Elizabeth Wynne: View of Geneva from Rousseau Island, 1858

On April 15, 1798, Geneva was annexed by France . The Unification Treaty of April 26, 1798 regulated the transfer of the Republic of Geneva to the French state. In August 1798, the city became the capital of the newly created Léman department . During the French period, the civil code was introduced and the city became the administrative center of the whole region, which also brought it economic advantages. However, since 1802, troops for the Napoleonic wars have also been raised in Geneva .

On December 31, 1813, Geneva was occupied by Austrian troops. After the independence of the city republic had first been proclaimed, Geneva asked to join the Swiss Confederation. On June 1, 1814, in accordance with the resolutions of the Congress of Vienna, Swiss troops landed in Geneva, and on September 12, the Federal Diet officially confirmed the admission of Geneva as the 22nd canton into the Confederation. The Unification Treaty was signed on May 19, 1815. The city of Geneva thus became the capital of the newly formed canton of Geneva of the same name . This was extended to French and Sardinian territories in the Second Peace of Paris and in the Treaty of Turin , so that the Geneva area received a land connection to the rest of Switzerland. In order not to cut off Geneva economically from its environs, several duty-free zones were gradually created around Geneva, which by 1860 covered almost the entire former area of ​​the Léman department.

The city republic of Geneva minted its own coins until 1850. As was customary in France for a long time, these were divided into sols for a certain time , after which francs were minted.

In 1864 Geneva became the seat of the International Committee of the Red Cross . The University of Geneva was founded in 1873.

At the end of the 19th century, the development of the watch industry was promoted by the construction of a pressurized water network to supply the city with energy and drinking water. With the Usine des Forces Motrices , which went into operation in 1886 , the regulation of the water level for Lake Geneva was also introduced. The increasing energy demand of the industry made the construction of the Usine de Chèvres , the largest power station in Europe at the time, necessary.

20th century and territorial expansion

From 1920 to 1946 Geneva was the seat of the League of Nations .

In 1931, the former communes of Eaux-Vives , Le Petit-Saconnex and Plainpalais were merged with the city of Geneva. On November 9, 1932, there was a massacre (“ Blood Night of Geneva ”) when soldiers shot 13 anti-fascist demonstrators and seriously injured 60.

21st century

Geneva is one of ten Swiss and one of one hundred European cities that received the honorary title of “ Reformation City of Europe ” in 2015 from the Community of Evangelical Churches in Europe .

coat of arms

Geneva coat of arms
 Blazon : « Split , in front in gold a red crowned, tongued and armored black half eagle at the split; behind in red a golden key with a quatrefoil and with a straight dew-cross incision in the left-turned beard. »
Reasons for the coat of arms: The Geneva coat of arms represents the connection between the bishop (key of Saint Peter ) and the free imperial city ( imperial eagle ). It appeared for the first time in the 15th century.

population

Geneva was the most populous city in Switzerland until 1870. The city of Zurich then took over this place , although between 1910 and 1995 the city of Basel was also larger in terms of population. As of December 31, 2019, the city of Geneva had 203,951 inhabitants. The Geneva agglomeration is redefined every ten years on the occasion of the census and in 2007 had 471,314 inhabitants or 780,000 inhabitants across the country including France. The proportion of foreigners (registered residents without Swiss citizenship ) was 47.9 percent on December 31, 2019 (97,949 residents). This can be explained in particular by the number of international organizations in the city and the proximity to the border with France (the canton of Geneva is almost completely enclosed by France). Geneva's city area is 15.89 square kilometers. This results in a statistical population density of 12,835 inhabitants per square kilometer (December 31, 2019). The enlarged metropolitan area, the Geneva-Lausanne metropolitan region , has 1.2 million inhabitants.

Number of inhabitants
year 1650 1690 1710 1798 1814 1834 1850 1870 1888 1900 1910 1930 1950 2000 2010 2014 2017
resident 12,250 16'220 20,000 24,331 21,812 27,177 37,724 60,004 75,709 97,359 115,243 124,121 145,473 177,964 187,470 194,565 201,813

Religions

At 49.2 percent, almost half of the population over the age of 15 professes the Christian faith . 34.2 percent are members of the Roman Catholic Church , 8.8 percent belong to the Evangelical Reformed Church and thus the Église Protestante de Genève , and 6.2 percent belong to other Christian denominations. 38.0 percent are non-denominational , 6.1 percent belong to Islamic denominations and 1.6 percent belong to Jewish communities .

politics

Distribution of seats in the Municipal Council of Geneva 2020
7th
18th
19th
8th
14th
7th
7th
7th 18th 19th 8th 14th 7th 7th 
A total of 80 seats

Legislative - Local Council

The legislative power is exercised by the municipal council ( conseil municipal ) . It has 80 seats and is elected directly by the people every five years using proportional representation with a seven percent hurdle . The municipal council determines the city budget and votes on submissions from the city government ( conseil administratif ) . He can also launch initiatives himself. The graphic on the right shows the distribution of seats after the last municipal elections in March 2020. Earlier election results since 1914 can be found in the article Results of the municipal elections in Geneva .

Executive - city government

The city government ( conseil administratif, CA ) consists of five equal members who are elected  individually every four years by the people in a majority vote. The office of city president ( maire ) changes annually between the members of the government. For the period June 1, 2021 to May 31, 2022, the city government is composed as follows:

Government member Political party in office since department
Frédérique Perler , President (2021/2022) Green 2020 Département de l'aménagement, des constructions et de la mobilité
Marie Barbey-Chappuis , Vice President (2021/2022) CVP 2020 Department of Security and Sports
Sami Canaan SP 2007 Département de la culture et de la transition numérique
Alfonso Gomez Green 2020 Département des finances, de l'environnement et du logement
Christina Kitsos SP 2020 Département de la cohésion sociale et de la solidarité

National Council elections

In the Swiss parliamentary elections in 2019, the percentage of the vote in Geneva was:

Green SP FDP SVP POP / Sol CVP glp MCG EPP
26.0 17.9 15.1 12.6 10.0 5.4 5.0 4.9 0.7

Popular rights

The right to vote have all Swiss citizens residing in the City of Geneva as well as foreign citizens (residents without Swiss nationality ) who are resident for at least eight years in Switzerland. This regulation has been in effect since 2005, when a corresponding cantonal popular initiative was adopted. The passive right to vote is still reserved for Swiss citizens.

With the signatures of five percent of the electorate , a referendum on a resolution of the municipal council ( referendum ) can be forced or a separate proposal can be submitted (popular initiative).

business

Industry

As the home of luxury watch manufacturers such as Rolex (headquarters), Omega , Patek Philippe , Vacheron Constantin or Baume & Mercier , Geneva is one of the most important watch cities in the world. The quality features introduced by local handicrafts such as the Geneva seal (Poinçon de Genève) and Geneva stripes (Côtes de Genève, fillets) are well known. In addition, numerous multinational companies such as Procter & Gamble and Ralph Lauren have their (European) headquarters in Geneva. Over 28,000 people work directly for the Geneva-based 30 international organizations and 172 accredited missions; the contribution to the canton's economic output is 9.2 percent.

traffic

Genève-Cornavin station (1927 to 1933)
Geneva tram network

With the Genève-Cornavin train station , Geneva is well integrated into the European rail network. There was also a rail connection to Annemasse from the Gare des Eaux-Vives terminus . The new railway line Genève – Annemasse (CEVA), under construction from 1995, has been connecting the Swiss and French networks since December 15, 2019. Geneva had a loading point for motorail trains until 2012 ;

The second largest airport in Switzerland, the Aéroport International de Genève, is located in the Geneva suburb of Cointrin .

Geneva is on the Swiss A1 motorway and the French A40 and A41 motorways .

Local public transport in the city is handled by Transports publics genevois (TPG), which also operate the Geneva tram with four lines and the Geneva trolleybus with six lines. In addition, Geneva is connected to numerous shores of Lake Geneva by passenger shipping on Lake Geneva.

Because of the limited space and the steady growth of the city, the traffic routes are heavily congested. In addition to the housing shortage, mobility is one of the most pressing issues in the city and canton of Geneva. Attempts to remedy the impending traffic collapse, for example through a bridge or a tunnel to cross the lake, have so far failed, in particular due to the political disputes between the city and cantonal government.

The Hans-Wilsdorf-Brücke crosses the Arve.

Art trade

The Metropolitan Museum of Art set up a new office in the center of Geneva in 2006 to serve as a contact point for collectors and artists. In the city of the Rhone there are 120 galleries and a duty-free warehouse , which is considered the largest “museum” in the world because of the works of art stored there , but which is not open to the public.

Education, art, culture and sport

Old main building of the University of Geneva

Schools, colleges

Like every Swiss canton, the canton of Geneva has its own school system. There are primary schools, lower secondary schools ( Cycle d'Orientation, orientation school), eleven four-year high schools (eight of them in the urban area: Collège Calvin , Collège de Candolle, Collège Rousseau, Collège Sismondi, Collège Voltaire, Collège Nicolas-Bouvier, Collège Emilie-Gourd and Collège André-Chavannes) and other upper secondary schools .

The University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (Haute école spécialisée de Suisse occidentale) is represented here as a central university with the universities of art and design; Landscape planning, engineering and architecture; Business administration; Bless you; Social work and music .

The University of Geneva was founded in 1559. The University Institute for International Studies and Development was formed from autonomous university institutes in 2008 . There are also a number of smaller private universities such as the International University in Geneva and the Webster University Geneva.

Museums

The Ariana Museum
International Red Cross and Red Crescent Museum
The Jet d'eau

sightseeing features

In 2000, Geneva received the Wakker Prize from the Swiss Homeland Security for special services to the protection of the local image .

Sports

The city of Geneva gained national and international fame in sport, among other things, through the football club Servette FC Genève , which has won the Swiss championship 17 times, and through the Genève-Servette HC ice hockey team . A major local event is the annual Geneva Marathon .

In addition, Geneva is also the start and end point of the Bol d'Or sailing regatta and the Tour du Léman for rowing boats, which are held on Lake Geneva.

Regular events and trade fairs

Every year on December 12th, the Escalade de Genève celebrates the unsuccessful conquest by Savoy in 1602.

In the complex exhibition Palexpo numerous public exhibitions and trade fairs are organized. The most important international trade fairs are:

music

International music festivals take place regularly every year:

  • Fête de la musique, since 2010
  • Plein-les-Watts Festival, since 2006
  • Fête de l'Olivier, festival of Arabic music organized by ICAM since 1980
  • The Genevan Brass Festival, founder Christophe Sturzenegger, 2010

Prices

Every four years since 1947, the city of Geneva has awarded prizes to people who have contributed to the city's reputation in culture and science (Prix de la Ville de Genève) .

The city of Geneva has been awarding two prizes for comics every year since 1997, see: City of Geneva Prize for Comics .

kitchen

Geneva specialties are the Longeole (Geneva Saucisson ) and the Cardon épineux de Plainpalais , both of which have been certified by the Federal Office for Agriculture as AOC or Protected Designation of Origin ; also the Entrecôte Café de Paris .

To Escalade are traditionally made of chocolate shaped pots with marzipan filling the consumed Marmites d'Escalade .

Exterior view of the Palais des Nations

International organizations and represented states

Geneva is home to 34 international organizations (including 5 of the 15 specialized agencies of the United Nations), countless United Nations programs and funds, and other organizations.

In addition, 175 countries are represented in Geneva. There are a total of 256 permanent representations , representations and delegations in the city.

Town twinning

The city of Geneva does not have any explicit city ​​partnerships , but declares itself to be connected to the whole world. Independent of this, Geneva is the seat of various international organizations.

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Temporary residents

The following is an incomplete list of women and men in public life with reference to the city of Geneva:

  • Voltaire, philosopher and writer

  • Jean-Jacques Rousseau, writer

  • Vladimir I. Lenin, revolutionary and politician

  • Kofi Annan, former UN Secretary General

  • Ruth Dreifuss, Switzerland's first female President

Fixed terms associated with Geneva

reception

See also

Portal: Geneva  - Overview of Wikipedia content on Geneva

literature

  • Martine Piguet: Geneva (municipality). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . February 7, 2018 .
  • Jacques Barrelet: Eaux-Vives, Les. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . February 7, 2018 .
  • Collective of authors: Histoire de Genève. 3 volumes. Editions Alphil, Neuchâtel 2014.
  • Charles Bonnet: Les premiers monuments chrétiens de Genève (= Swiss art guides. No. 547). Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 1994.
  • Philippe Broillet, Isabelle Brunier and others: Les monuments d'art et d'histoire du Canton de Genève. La Genève sur l'eau (= The art monuments of Switzerland. Volume 89). Volume I. Ed. By the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Wiese Verlag, Basel 1997, ISBN 3-909164-61-7 .
  • Philippe Broillet, Isabelle Brunier and others: Les monuments d'art et d'histoire du Canton de Genève. Genève, Saint Gervais: du Bourg au Quartier (= The art monuments of Switzerland. Volume 97). Volume II. Ed. By the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Chêne – Bourg 2001, ISBN 3-906131-01-7 .
  • Matthieu de La Corbière, Isabelle Brunier and others: Les monuments d'art et d'histoire du Canton de Genève. Geneva, Ville forte. Volume III (= The Art Monuments of Switzerland. Volume 117). Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Marti Media AG, Hinterkappelen 2010, ISBN 978-3-906131-92-4 .

Web links

Further content in the
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Individual evidence

  1. ↑ FSO Generalized Boundaries 2020 . For later parish mergers, heights are summarized based on January 1, 2020. Accessed May 17, 2021
  2. ↑ Generalized limits 2020 . In the case of later community mergers, areas will be combined based on January 1, 2020. Accessed May 17, 2021
  3. ↑ Regional portraits 2021: key figures for all municipalities . In the case of later municipal mergers, population figures are summarized based on 2019. Accessed May 17, 2021
  4. ↑ Regional portraits 2021: key figures for all municipalities . In the case of later municipal mergers, the percentage of foreigners summarized based on the 2019 status. Accessed May 17, 2021
  5. ↑ a b c Regional portraits 2021: key figures for all municipalities . In the case of later municipal mergers, population figures are summarized based on 2019. Accessed May 17, 2021
  6. ↑ a b Regional portraits 2021: key figures for all municipalities . In the case of later municipal mergers, the percentage of foreigners summarized based on the 2019 status. Accessed May 17, 2021
  7. ↑ Switzerland - Proportion of foreigners in major cities in 2018. Accessed on May 24, 2021 .
  8. ^ Strasbourg the European capital. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on December 11, 2019 ; accessed on August 4, 2020 .
  9. ↑ Mark Yeandle: The Global Financial Centers Index 23. (PDF; 2.9 MB) In: longfinance.net. Financial Center Futures, March 2018, accessed February 2, 2019 .
  10. ↑ Vienna tops the latest quality of living rankings. Mercer LLC , March 4, 2015, accessed April 16, 2016 .
  11. ↑ Switzerland, Africa, Asia: It is the most expensive here. Mercer LLC , June 17, 2015, accessed June 17, 2015 .
  12. ↑ Zurich is again the most expensive city in the world. Swiss Radio and Television (SRF), March 3, 2015, accessed on June 17, 2015 .
  13. ↑ Zurich and Geneva are now considered the most expensive cities in the world. Neue Zürcher Zeitung (NZZ), March 3, 2015, accessed on June 17, 2015 .
  14. ↑ Roger Aitken: Millionaire Density In Monaco Firms To '1 In 3' Topping Global Rankings, Hangzhou In Top 20 . In: Forbes . ( forbes.com [accessed October 5, 2018]).
  15. ↑ a b Municipal Tables: Land Use Statistics Standard (NOAS04). (No longer available online.) In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), December 4, 2014, archived from the original on May 14, 2015 ; Retrieved June 19, 2015 .
  16. ↑ District boundaries of Swiss cities in 2017
  17. ↑ New records before the end of the heat wave. Federal Office for Meteorology and Climatology (MeteoSchweiz), July 7, 2015, accessed on July 12, 2015 .
  18. ↑ Felix Blumer: Records in January - records for temperature and sunshine duration. In: srf.ch . February 1, 2020, accessed February 4, 2020 .
  19. ↑ Climate standard values ​​Genève / Cointrin. Standard period 1981-2010. (PDF; 295 kB) In: meteoschweiz.admin.ch, May 19, 2020, accessed on August 13, 2020.
  20. ↑ J. Caesar: De Bello Gallico I, 6: Extremum oppidum Allobrogum est proximumque Helvetiorum finibus Genava (‹The last [outermost] and closest to the Helvetian city of the Allobrogum is Geneva›).
  21. ^ For example, Xavier Delamarre : Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise. 2nd Edition. Errance, Paris 2003, p. 176.
  22. ↑ So already Julius Pokorny and Stefan Sonderegger ; see lexicon of Swiss municipality names . Edited by the Center de Dialectologie at the University of Neuchâtel under the direction of Andres Kristol. Frauenfeld / Lausanne 2005, p. 381 f., Where both etymologies are discussed.
  23. ^ Andrzei Henrik Kaminski: The decline of the urban sovereignty of the Bishop of Geneva. Imprimerie Franco-Suisse, Ambilly 1947, DNB 570417465 , p. 17 (Zugl .: Zürich, Univ., Diss., 1947).
  24. ^ Andrzei Henrik Kaminski: The decline of the urban sovereignty of the Bishop of Geneva. Imprimerie Franco-Suisse, Ambilly 1947, p. 43 (Zugl .: Zurich, Univ., Diss., 1947).
  25. ↑ JH Merle d'Aubigné: Of Huguenots and Mammelucken. The liberation of Geneva (= history of the Reformation in Europe at the time of Calvin. Volume 1). Reformatorischer Verlag Beese, Hamburg 1996, ISBN 3-928936-08-5 , p. 38.
  26. ^ Francis Higman: Farel, Guillaume. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . November 28, 2005 , accessed February 2, 2019 .
  27. ^ Norbert Domeisen: Geneva and the Confederates. In: Scribd , accessed June 28, 2021.
  28. ^ Rolf Strasser: Notes on the history of Geneva. (No longer available online.) In: calvin.efb.ch. 2007, archived from the original on October 31, 2016 ; accessed on February 2, 2019 .
  29. ↑ Thomas Straumann: Geneva bankers, highly qualified religious refugees and silk traders: How the Reformation affected the Swiss economy. While the Reformation was in progress, the foundation stone for the later globalized economy and an internationally networked Switzerland was laid. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung (NZZ). April 27, 2017.
  30. ↑ Christophe Büchi: Geneva - a canton without a denomination. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung . February 2, 2019, accessed February 2, 2019.
  31. ↑ Simon Hehli: Tour de Suisse of the Reformation. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung (NZZ). November 4, 2016, p. 15.
  32. ↑ Geneva, the city of the Reformation. Switzerland. "Send us wood - we will send you arrows". In: reformation-cities.org/cities, accessed June 12, 2018.
  33. ↑ Permanent resident population aged 15 and over according to religious affiliation, 2012. (XLS) Federal Statistical Office, January 1, 2012, archived from the original on January 6, 2012 ; Retrieved April 6, 2014 .
  34. ↑ Élection des conseils municipaux du 15 mars 2020. (No longer available online.) In: ge.ch. March 15, 2020, formerly in the original ; accessed on March 15, 2020 (French).  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.ge.ch
  35. ↑ Presentation of the membres du Conseil administratif. Composition et fonctions pour l'année 2021–2022 (from 1st June 2021 to 31st May 2022). In: geneve.ch. City of Geneva, May 31, 2020, accessed May 31, 2021 (French).
  36. ↑ Federal elections 2019 | opendata.swiss. Retrieved December 4, 2019 .
  37. ^ Conditions pour voter. In: ge.ch. Retrieved May 4, 2016 (French).
  38. ^ History of Geneva as a watch city (Watch Wiki).
  39. ↑ Markus Häfliger: Over 300 million for UN Geneva. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung . June 29, 2013, p. 30.
  40. ↑ Terminal descriptions for the SNCF motorail train. (PDF; 4.0 MB) (No longer available online.) In: voyages-sncf.com. Archived from the original on January 19, 2012 ; accessed on February 2, 2019 .
  41. ↑ Matthias Chapman: "Geneva staggers from one nonsense to the next". In: The Bund . January 23, 2012 (the quote is from the Swiss-German journalist Peter Rothenbühler ).
  42. ^ Ghania Adamo: Metropolitan Museum New York opens office in Geneva. Translated from the French by Susanne Schanda. In: swissinfo. April 10, 2006, accessed June 12, 2018.
  43. ^ Business School Geneva - International University in Geneva. In: iun.ch. Retrieved July 11, 2012 (English, French).
  44. ^ David Ripoll: Des Châteaux en Espagne. Projet pour un hôtel municipal à Genève (XIX – XX siècles). In: Art + Architecture in Switzerland. Society for Swiss Art History GSK, No. 4, Bern 2014, pp. 20–27.
  45. ↑ Music Festival of Geneva 2019. In: geneve.com. Accessed January 17, 2020 .
  46. ↑ Plein-les-Watts - Site officiel. In: pleinleswatts.ch. Retrieved January 17, 2020 (French).
  47. ↑ ICAM: 40 ans de l'Olivier - Fête de l'Olivier 2019 - 4th festival des musiques arabes et méditerranéennes. In: Institut des cultures arabes et méditerranéennes (ICAM). June 7, 2019, accessed January 17, 2020 (French).
  48. ↑ International organizations, programs, funds, institutes and other institutions | Geneva Internationale. In: geneve-int.ch. Retrieved December 16, 2016 .
  49. ↑ Service des relations extérieures. Service des relations extérieures SRE, la Ville de Genève, October 23, 2014, accessed on October 21, 2019 (French): "Ville international et multiculturelle, Genève noue depuis plusieurs siècles des contacts privilégiés avec le monde entier."
  50. ↑ Genève, du partenaire rapprochement entre villes. (No longer available online.) Service des relations extérieures SRE, Genève ville internationales, November 17, 2011, archived from the original on February 8, 2015 ; accessed on January 27, 2015 (French): "La Ville de Genève entretient des relations multilatérales et bilatérales avec de nombreuses villes dans le monde"
  51. ↑ Overview on geneve-int.ch , accessed on June 13, 2021 (German)
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  53. ^ Jean-François Bergier: Giovanni Benci. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . June 29, 2002 , accessed March 10, 2020 .
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