Canton school
Cantonal school (grammar school, middle school, college, lycée , liceo ) |
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Country | Switzerland |
Type of school (general) | secondary school |
ISCED level | 3A |
School board | Cantons |
requirement | Secondary school diploma , entrance examination |
Duration | 3–4 years (KZG) or 6 years (LZG) Levels : 11-14 . or 9.-13. School level Standard age 16–19 or 13–18 |
Graduation | Matura |
Focus | numerous focal points |
number | 170 (2003) |
student | 63,400 (2003) |
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The canton school is a Swiss grammar school or French college that is run as a secondary school by a canton . The graduation takes the form of a high school diploma and entitles you to study at Swiss universities and technical colleges , sometimes with a numerus clausus . During the compulsory school period , the canton school only includes the lower secondary school.
In Switzerland, the proportion of women has been greater than the proportion of men since 1993/1994 and in 2003/2004 was 56 percent. In 2004 around 16,000 Matura certificates were issued.
requirements
The so-called short-term high school follows on from the second or third secondary class and lasts four years. Some cantons also have a so-called long-term grammar school, which follows directly on from the 6th grade of primary school and accordingly lasts six years. Both variants lead to the maturity . Depending on the canton, an entrance examination is sometimes required for admission to the canton school. The conditions may vary depending on the chosen focus.
structure
The grammar school comprises the four or six years before the Matura. School leavers with a Matura are usually between 18 and 19 years old. The structure of the Swiss school system varies greatly between cantons.
Cantonal differences
Canton Zurich
In the canton of Zurich , the first two out of six years, unlike the last four, are not divided into directions:
- one direction entitles a transition to the focus on design, music, Greek, Latin, Spanish, Italian or other languages;
- another direction leads to the focus areas of physics and mathematics applications, biology and chemistry, economics, music or design;
- another one focusing on design, music, Spanish, Italian or Russian .
Canton of St. Gallen
In the canton of St. Gallen , the desired focus subject must be ticked when registering for the entrance exam. This is taught for the entire four years. It can be changed at most once during the entire school period. Usually the classes are put together according to the main subjects, but mostly there are also mixed classes (e.g. if there are only ten Latin students and only ten business students).
Focus
The new MAR maturity regulations have existed since 2004 and the following main subjects are offered at the grammar school, but not every grammar school offers all the main subjects and there are cantonal differences. The main subjects are:
- P: physics and applications of mathematics,
- N: biology and chemistry ,
- Q: French ,
- G: Greek ,
- I: Italian ,
- L: Latin ,
- M: music ,
- R: Russian ,
- S: Spanish ,
- W: economics and law ,
- PPP: Pedagogy , Psychology and Philosophy
- Z or G: artistic creation.
Depending on the canton, lessons are given in a supplementary subject in the last year or from the penultimate year before the Matura examination . This subject is, for example, psychology or philosophy , freely selectable and it counts for the Matura success as much as German, French, English, mathematics and the main subject.
Matura
In most cantons, in order to be admitted to the Matura examination , it is necessary to write a Matura thesis . As a rule, it is 20 pages long and, like the oral presentation of the “research results”, must be graded as at least sufficient .
The Matura examination usually includes the school material from the previous two years. Every focus is tested in German, English, French and mathematics, as well as the focus subject in written tests of varying duration. There are also short oral exams in German, English, French (literature in each case), mathematics and the main subject.
Both the mean of the grades of the last two semesters and the mean of the written and oral exams count for the success of the exam in each subject . The maturity grade is calculated from these two mean values (so-called experience and examination grades). In other subjects such as history or geography , only the experience grades count. Each candidate receives thirteen Matura grades, of which a maximum of four may be unsatisfactory, which must be compensated twice (3.5 is balanced with 5 once or 4.5 twice).
Further courses
Some canton schools also offer courses that do not lead to the Matura, such as the Fachmittelschule (FMS), which was called Diplommittelschule until 2005 . In addition to the technical secondary school, there is also the business secondary school (WMS). Therefore, the canton schools can usually not be described as pure grammar schools.
See also
- high school
- Progymnasium
- Matura school for adults
- Education system in Switzerland
- Swiss universities and technical colleges
Web links
- Ordinance of February 15, 1995 on the recognition of high school Matura certificates (Matura Recognition Ordinance, MAV)
- List of canton schools and grammar schools in Switzerland