Julius Pokorny

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Julius Pokorny (born June 12, 1887 in Prague , † April 8, 1970 in Zurich ) was a linguist and Celtologist of German-Jewish origin. He saw himself as a German throughout his life.

Life

Julius Pokorny studied at the University of Vienna , where he then taught between 1913 and 1920. From 1920 he held the chair for Celtic Philology at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin , until in 1933, despite his Catholic faith, he was released from teaching by the National Socialists because of his Jewish grandparents on the basis of the law to restore the civil service . The leave of absence was lifted on November 23, 1933. On August 27, 1934, Pokorny swore the oath on Hitler . Two months after the Reich Citizenship Law was passed, he was given a permanent leave of absence. However, his leave of absence was later converted into a retirement - in contrast to other compulsory leave of absence . Then he took up an extensive travel activity. In May 1936 he received a clearance certificate from the NSDAP local group, which secured him a state pension. He was warned about the “ Reichspogromnacht ” so that he could leave for Belgium in good time.

He was very fond of the Celtic languages ​​and cultures, supported the Irish independence movement and stood among others. a. in contact with Roger Casement . He was editor of the magazine for Celtic philology before the Second World War and was responsible for its resumption after the war. There are strong racial and ethnic tendencies in his work.

He did not emigrate to Switzerland until 1943 , where he taught at the universities of Bern and Zurich for a few years until his retirement in 1959. In 1954 he accepted an honorary professorship at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich , where he taught in 1956 and between 1960 and 1965. Pokorny is the author of the Indo-European Etymological Dictionary (1958), which has only found partial successors to this day. He died in Zurich three weeks after a tram accident.

Fonts

Books
  • The origin of the Arthurian legend . Anthropological Society, Vienna 1909.
  • A Concise Old Irish Grammar and Reader . Max Niemeyer, Halle on the Saale .; Hodges, Figgis, Dublin 1914.
  • Ireland . FA Perthes, Gotha 1916 (Perthes' little ethnology and regional studies 1).
  • The oldest lyric on the Emerald Isle . M. Niemeyer, Halle a. P. 1923.
  • A Historical Reader of Old Irish: Texts, Paradigms, Notes, and a Complete Glossary . M. Niemeyer, Halle a. S. 1923 (reprint: AMS, New York 1985).
  • Old Irish grammar . Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / Leipzig 1925.
  • Alois Walde : Comparative dictionary of the Indo-European languages. 3 volumes. Edited and edited by Julius Pokorny. de Gruyter, Berlin et al. 1927–1932 (Unchanged photomechanical reprint. ibid 1973, ISBN 3-11-004556-7 ).
  • On the prehistory of the Celts and Illyrians . M. Niemeyer, Halle a. P. 1938.
  • Old Celtic seals. Translated and introduced from Irish Gaelic and Cymric . A. Francke, Bern 1944.
  • with Vittore Pisani: General and comparative linguistics: Indo-European studies. Celtology . A. Francke, Bern 1953.
  • Indo-European etymological dictionary. 2 volumes. A. Francke, Tübingen / Bern / Munich 1957/1969 (1st edition), 2005 (5th edition). ISBN 3772009476
items
  • The Grail in Ireland and the mythical foundations of the Grail saga . In: Mitteilungen der Anthropologische Gesellschaft in Wien 62, 1912, pp. 1–15.
  • Published publications: Rudolf Thurneysen, On Irish manuscripts and literary monuments . In: ZCP 9, 1913, pp. 184-6.
  • English rule in Ireland . In: Petermanns Mitteilungen 62, 1916, pp. 361–65, 409–12.
  • The Irish uprising of 1798 . In: Georges Chatterton-Hill (Ed.): Irische Blätter 4, 1916, pp. 331-340.
  • Race and people of Ireland . In: Georges Chatterton-Hill (Ed.): Irische Blätter 7, 1917, pp. 524-528.
  • Contributions to the oldest history of Ireland. 1. The Fir Bolg, the indigenous people of Ireland . In: ZCP 11, 1916-17, pp 189-204.
  • Contributions to the oldest history of Ireland. 2. The gae bolga and the northern, non-Iberian indigenous people of the British Isles . In: ZCP 12, 1918, pp. 195-231.
  • Contributions to the oldest history of Ireland. 3. Érainn, Dárin (n) e and the Iverni and Darini of Ptolemy . In: ZCP 12, 1918, pp. 323-357.
  • To Morand's prince mirror . In: ZCP 13, 1921, pp. 43-6.
  • The non-Indo-European substrate in Irish . In: ZCP No. 16, 1927, pp. 95-144, 231-66, 363-94; No. 17, 1928, pp. 373-88; No. 18, 1930, pp. 233-48.
  • Substrate theory and original home of the Indo-Europeans . In: Mitteilungen der Anthropologische Gesellschaft in Wien 66, 1936, pp. 69–91.
  • To the non-Indo-European substrate in the island Celtic . In: Die Sprache 1, 1949, pp. 235–45.
  • The geography of Ireland with Ptolemy . In: ZCP 24, 1954, pp. 94-120.
  • The Pre-Celtic Inhabitants of Ireland . In: Celtica 5, 1960, pp. 229-40.
  • Editor of the Journal of Celtic Philology. Niemeyer, Tübingen 1. 1897 ff. ISSN  0084-5302

literature

  • Sabine Heinz: Prehistoric and early historical findings in the work of the Celtologist Julius Pokorny . In: Achim Leube, M. Hegewisch (Ed.): Prehistory and National Socialism. Central and Eastern European Prehistory and Early History Research in the years 1933–1945 . Heidelberg 2002, pp. 293-304.
  • Joachim Lerchenmueller: "Keltischer Sprengstoff": a study of the history of science on German Celtology from 1900 to 1945 . Niemeyer, Tübingen 1997, ISBN 3484401427
  • Pól Ó Dochartaigh: Julius Pokorny, 1887–1970. Germans, Celts and Nationalism. Four Courts Press, Dublin 2004. ISBN 1851827692
  • Pól Ó Dochartaigh: Julius Pokorny: An Oursider Between Nationalism and Anti-Semitism, Ethnicity and Celticism. In: Wallace, Ian (Ed.): Fractured biographies . German Monitor 57. Amsterdam / New York: Rodopi, pp. 87–118.
  • Rüdiger Schmitt:  Pokorny, Julius. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 20, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-428-00201-6 , p. 593 ( digitized version ).
  • Utz Maas : Persecution and emigration of German-speaking linguists 1933–1945. Entry on Julius Pokorny (accessed: April 15, 2018)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Pól Ó Dochartaigh: Julius Pokorny, 1887–1970. Germans, Celts and nationalism. ( Memento of May 8, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Four Courts Press, Dublin 2004. ISBN 1851827692
  2. ↑ Lerchenmueller 1997, p. 297; Heinz 2002: 296f.
  3. ↑ Heinz 2002: 300-303.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Pokorny, Julius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian-German linguist
DATE OF BIRTH June 12, 1887
PLACE OF BIRTH Prague
DATE OF DEATH April 8, 1970
Place of death Zurich