Claude Cohen-Tannoudji
Claude Nessim Cohen-Tannoudji (born April 1, 1933 in Constantine , Algeria ) is a French physicist . For cooling and trapping atoms with laser light, he received the 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics together with Steven Chu and William D. Phillips .
Life
Cohen-Tannoudji comes from a Jewish family who had lived in Algeria since the 16th century , as a French citizen since 1870 ( Décret Crémieux ). 1953-1957 he studied at the Paris Ecole Normale Supérieure first mathematics , but turned at the Nobel laureate to lecture Alfred Kastler of physics to. In 1957 he completed his studies with a diploma (Agrégation) and did 28 months of military service. From 1960 he worked as a scientist for the Center National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS). In 1962 he received his doctorate. Since 1962 he has taught at the University of Paris IV . In 1973 he became a professor at the Collège de France , where he holds the chair for atomic and molecular physics.
In 1976 he was Loeb Lecturer at Harvard University and in 1988 Lorentz Professor at Leiden University.
Services
The two-volume monograph Mécanique Quantique , published in 1977 , which Claude Cohen-Tannoudji wrote together with Bernard Diu and Franck Laloë, is still one of the standard works in the field of quantum mechanics .
Together with Steven Chu and William D. Phillips, Cohen-Tannoudji developed a process with which atoms can be cooled by spreading the atomic beam along the axis of an alternating magnetic field. With this technique, the atomic beam is slowed down and the atoms can be trapped in a trap . This method is used in the development of precise atomic clocks ; it can also be used for exact positioning and in space navigation.
Prices and memberships
- 1963 Paul Langevin Prize
- 1964 CNRS silver medal
- 1971 Great Physics Prize of the French Physical Society ( Prix Jean Ricard )
- 1979 Young Medal
- 1980 Ampère Prize from the French Academy of Sciences.
- 1985 Prix des trois physiciens of the Eugène Bloch Foundation, Paris
- 1990 Gay Lussac Humboldt Prize
- 1992 Julius Edgar Lilienfeld Prize of the American Physical Society , together with Alan Guth
- 1993 Charles Townes Award from the Optical Society of America
- 1995 Matteucci Medal
- 1996 Médaille d'or du CNRS
- 1996 Harvey Prize
- 1996 Quantum Electronics Prize of the European Physical Society
- 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics, together with Steven Chu and William D. Phillips "for their development of methods for cooling and trapping atoms with the help of laser light"
He is an external member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (since 1992) and the National Academy of Sciences and a member of the Academia Europaea , the Royal Belgian Academy of Sciences , the National Academy of Sciences in Allahabad, the Indian Academy of Sciences in Bangalore, the Australian Academy of Sciences , the Indian Science Academy in Bangalore, the Pontifical Academy of Sciences , the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Brazilian Academy of Sciences. Cohen-Tannoudji holds multiple honorary doctorates ( University of Uppsala , Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Bar-Ilan University , University of Sussex , Free University of Brussels , University of Recife, University of Liège , Peking University in China, Tel Aviv University , City University of Hong Kong , University of Strathclyde , Ben Gurion University of the Negev ).
He is an honorary member of the Optical Society of America and the European Physical Society. Cohen-Tannoudji is a Grand Officer in the Legion of Honor.
He is a fellow of the American Physical Society . In 1981 he became a member of the Académie des Sciences .
Fonts
- with Bernard Diu, Franck Laloë: Quantum Mechanics , 2 volumes, 2nd edition. De Gruyter , Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-11-016458-2
- French original first Herman, Paris 1973
- with J. Dupont-Roc et G. Grynberg Photons and Atoms. Introduction to Quantum Electrodynamics , Wiley 1989
- with J. Dupont-Roc et G. Grynberg Atom-Photon Interactions: Basic Processes and Applications , Wiley 1992
- Atoms in Electromagnetic Fields , World Scientific 1994, 2nd edition 2004
- with F. Bardou, JP Bouchaud, Alain Aspect Levy statistics and laser cooling. How rare events brign atoms to rest , Cambridge University Press 2002
- with D. Guéry-Odelin Advances in Atomic Physics - An overview , World Scientific, 2011
- Laser cooling and trapping of neutral atoms: theory , Physics Reports, Volume 219, 1992, pp. 153–164 (Proc. 20th Solvay Congress on Quantum Optics)
Web links
- Website at the ENS
- Literature by and about Claude Cohen-Tannoudji in the catalog of the German National Library
- Information from the Nobel Foundation on the 1997 award to Claude Cohen-Tannoudji
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Cohen-Tannoudji, Claude |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Cohen-Tannoudji, Claude Nessim |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French physicist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 1, 1933 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Constantine |