Serge Haroche

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Serge Haroche (2012).

Serge Haroche (born September 11, 1944 in Casablanca ) is a French physicist and Nobel Prize winner , known for experiments on the fundamentals of quantum mechanics .

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Serge Haroche after his Nobel Lecture

Haroche was born into a Jewish family. His father was a lawyer of Moroccan Jewish descent and his mother was a teacher of Russian Jewish descent. The family left Morocco in 1956 when the French protectorate over the country came to an end and emigrated to France.

Haroche studied physics from 1963 to 1967 at the École normal supérieure (ENS) and the Faculté des Sciences of the University of Paris . In 1967 he received his doctorate ( Doctorat de 3e cycle ) and in 1971 he received his second doctorate (in the then two-stage French system Doctorat ès sciences physiques ). His doctoral supervisor was the later Nobel Prize winner Claude Cohen-Tannoudji . In 1967 he became Professeur Agrégé for physics and at the same time Attaché de Recherche of the CNRS ; There he was promoted to Chargé de Recherche in 1971 and Maître de Recherche in 1973 . From 1973 he was also Maître de conférence of the École polytechnique and from 1974 professor at the University of Pierre and Marie Curie (Paris VI, UPMC), which he remained until 2001. From 1991 to 2001 he was a senior member of the Institut universitaire de France .

From 2001 to 2015 he was professor at the Collège de France and holder of the chair for quantum physics , since then he has been professor emeritus. He was visiting professor at Yale University (1983 to 1993), the Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Harvard University (1981), Stanford University , the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro and headed the physics faculty of the ENS for five years. He heads the group for electrodynamics of simple systems at Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB), which is supported by the ENS, the UPMC and the CNRS .

On October 9, 2012, he and the American David Wineland were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for research into the interaction between light and matter.

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Haroche is known for the experimental observation of decoherence in quantum mechanics. He succeeded in doing this with colleagues at the École normal supérieure in Paris in 1996. It can be seen as an experimental realization of the thought experiment of Schrödinger's cat and shows the formation of macroscopically distinguishable “classical” states from quantum mechanical superposition states.

For his experiments, he examined atoms (or a single atom) in small cavities with almost perfectly reflecting walls, where the interaction of the atom with only a few photons could be observed under controlled conditions, which enabled the verification of fundamental laws of quantum mechanics ( cavity quantum electrodynamics , Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics)

He also examines the application of these systems in quantum information theory .

Publications (selection)

  • with Jean-Michel Raimond : Exploring the Quantum - Atoms, Cavities and Photons. Oxford University Press, September 2006, ISBN 978-0-19-850914-1 .
  • with M. Brune, E. Hagley, J. Dreyer, X. Maître, A. Maali, C. Wunderlich, JM Raimond: Observing the Progressive Decoherence of the “Meter” in a Quantum Measurement . In: Physical Review Letters . tape 77 , no. 24 , December 9, 1996, pp. 4887-4890 , doi : 10.1103 / PhysRevLett.77.4887 .
  • with Jean-Michel Raimond: Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics . In: Scientific American . tape 268 , no. 4 , April 1993, pp. 54-62 , doi : 10.1038 / scientificamerican0493-54 .
  • S. Haroche: Fifty Years of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics in Physical Review Letters . In: Phys. Rev. Letters . tape 101 , 2008, p. 160001 , doi : 10.1103 / PhysRevLett.101.160001 (English, aps.org ).

Awards and memberships

Web links

Commons : Serge Haroche  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ French-Jewish Physicist Wins Nobel Prize Along With American Colleague. In: Haaretz. October 9, 2012, accessed November 21, 2018 .
  2. ^ Jean-Louis Beaucarnot: Origines et généalogie de Serge Haroche, prix Nobel de physique . La Revue française de Généalogie. October 9, 2012. Retrieved January 12, 2013.
  3. ↑ Serge Haroche: Biographical Note. nobel.org, 2012, accessed on November 21, 2018 .
  4. ↑ CNRS 2009 Gold Medal: Serge Haroche, physicist and explorer of the quantum world. CNRS, June 3, 2009, accessed November 21, 2018 .
  5. ↑ together with David Wineland . Both succeeded in fixing light particles or ions and bombarding them with atoms
  6. ↑ Doctorats honoris causa 2014: Serge HAROCHE. Retrieved November 21, 2018 (French).
  7. ^ Doctors of Philosophy Honoris Causa. Retrieved November 21, 2018 .
  8. ↑ BIU's 2016 Honorary Doctorate Ceremony. June 2016, accessed on November 21, 2018 .
  9. ↑ CityU to confer honorary doctorates on three distinguished persons. CityU NewsCentre, July 26, 2017, accessed November 21, 2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Haroche, Serge
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French physicist
DATE OF BIRTH September 11, 1944
PLACE OF BIRTH Casablanca