Isidore Isaac Rabi

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Isidor Isaac Rabi (1944)

Isidor Isaac Rabi (born July 29, 1898 in Rymanów , Galicia , Austria-Hungary , † January 11, 1988 in New York ) was an American physicist .

Life

Rabi, who came to the United States at the age of four, studied chemistry at Cornell University and received his doctorate from Columbia University on magnetic properties of crystals in 1927. After a two-year stay in Europe , he returned to Columbia University as a teacher since 1937 he there professor at the Faculty of Physics. From 1930 he undertook investigations into the binding behavior of protons in the atomic nucleus , from which he derived the molecular beam magnetic resonance detection method (forerunner of NMR spectroscopy ), which led him to his later Nobel Prize thesis.

Isidor Isaac Rabi
(July 1963 in Copenhagen)

In 1940 he moved to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology , where he participated in the development of radar and the atomic bomb in the Los Alamos laboratories . After the war he returned to Columbia University, while working at the Brookhaven National Laboratory . He was also one of the organizers of the founding of CERN . He was scientific advisor to the American President Harry S. Truman . In 1964 he received the title of University Professor at Columbia University . In 1967 he retired, but continued to give lectures. Rabi published various works in the journal The Physical Review , of which he was temporarily co-editor.

Rabi won the physics - Nobel Prize in 1944 for developing the resonance method for the study of the magnetic properties of the atomic nucleus, where he had worked since 1930th

Rabi received honorary doctorates from several renowned universities (including Princeton, Harvard, Birmingham) and was a member of several academies. From 1946 to 1956 he was a member of the Advisory Board of the Atomic Energy Commission , and from 1952 he was its chairman, succeeding J. Robert Oppenheimer . He was a Fellow of the American Physical Society , and in 1950 he was its President. He was also a member of the National Academy of Sciences , the American Philosophical Society, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . As a foreign member, he was a member of the Japanese and Brazilian Academy of Sciences . He sat on the Advisory Board of the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency and was a member of the American Commission of UNESCO . He was the American delegate at the International Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy in Geneva in 1955 and Vice President of the first three conferences. He was also a member of the Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the scientific advisory board of the UN Secretary General . In 1959 he was admitted to the board of directors of the Weizmann Institute in Rehovot, Israel.

In 1939 he received the American Association for the Advancement of Science Award , and in 1942 the Elliott Cresson Medal of the Franklin Institute . In 1948 he received the Presidential Medal for Merit as the highest civilian American honor , as well as the King's Medal for Service in the Cause of Freedom , he was accepted as an officer in the Legion of Honor . In 1960 he was awarded the Barnard Medal . On November 14, 1967, he was awarded the Atoms for Peace Award together with Wilfrid Bennett Lewis and Bertrand L. Goldschmidt . The II Rabi Award (which he received for the first time in 1983) and the II Rabi Prize are named in his honor.

The oscillation of quantum mechanical two-level systems, the Rabioszillation, is named after him .

Isidor Isaac Rabi married Helen Newmark in 1926 and the couple have two daughters.

Quotes

  • "The world would be better without an Edward Teller ." ("The world would be better without someone like Edward Teller.")
  • “Who ordered that?” - Who ordered that ? (upon discovery of the muon )

membership

In 1931 Rabi became a Fellow of the American Physical Society . Since 1940 he was a member of the National Academy of Sciences . In 1941 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences .

Works

  • Isidor Isaac Rabi: My life and times as a physicist . Claremont College, 1960 (English).
  • Isidor Isaac Rabi: Science: The Center of Culture . World Publishing Co., New York 1970 (English).
  • Isidor Isaac Rabi, Robert Server, Victor F. Weisskopf, Abraham Pais, Glenn T. Seaborg: Oppenheimer: The Story of One of the Most Remarkable Personalities of the 20th Century . Scribner's, New York 1969 (English).

See also

Web links

Commons : Isidor Isaac Rabi  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikiquote: Isidor Isaac Rabi  - Quotes

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michael Krause: Where people and particles collide . Wiley-VCH, 2013, p. 1–63 ( wiley-vch.de [PDF; accessed July 19, 2019]).
  2. ↑ a b IAEA Bulletin 134  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF, English; 369 kB)@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.iaea.org  
  3. ^ Member Directory: II Rabi. National Academy of Sciences, accessed November 30, 2015 .
  4. ^ Members of the American Academy. Listed by election year, 1900-1949 ( PDF ). Retrieved September 27, 2015
personal data
SURNAME Rabi, Isidore Isaac
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American physicist
DATE OF BIRTH July 29, 1898
PLACE OF BIRTH Rymanów , Galicia , Austria-Hungary
DATE OF DEATH January 11, 1988
Place of death new York