Manne Siegbahn

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Manne Siegbahn (1924)

Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn (born December 3, 1886 in Örebro , Sweden , † September 26, 1978 in Stockholm ) was a Swedish physicist and Nobel Prize winner.

Life

Manne Siegbahn was the son of the station master of the Swedish railway in Örebro Nils Reinhold Georg Siegbahn and his wife Emma Sofia Mathilda Zetterberg. He went to Lund University in 1906 and graduated in 1911 with a doctorate in magnetic field measurement . After working as an assistant to Johannes Rydberg from 1907 to 1911 , he became a lecturer after completing his doctorate and in 1915 an assistant professor. After Rydberg's death in 1919, he was appointed professor and took over his chair. In 1922 he was elected a corresponding member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences . In 1923 Siegbahn moved to Uppsala University and in 1937 was appointed research professor at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences . Between 1938 and 1947 he was President of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP).

Manne Siegbahn married Karin Högbom in 1914 and had two sons. His son Bo (1915-2008) went into the diplomatic service and was, among other things, ambassador to Morocco . His son Kai (1918–2007), like his father a physicist, was also awarded the Nobel Prize in 1981.

plant

After Siegbahn had dealt with problems of electricity and magnetism from 1908 to 1912 , he turned his interest to X-ray spectroscopy . His improvements in the structure and methodology of the experiments led to a significant increase in measurement accuracy and, together with the quantum mechanics developed at the same time, to a complete understanding of the shell structure of the atoms . He summarized his results in the book Spectroscopy of X-rays , published in 1923 , a classic of scientific literature. In 1924 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics “for his X-ray spectroscopic discoveries and research”.

After moving to the academy, he directed its activities towards nuclear physics and initiated the construction of a cyclotron to accelerate deuterons , a high-voltage generator, several new types of β-spectrometers and an electron microscope . With this equipment, the institute took on a leading role in research into the atomic nucleus and radioactive radiation processes.

Awards

In 1924 Siegbahn received the Nobel Prize in Physics "for his X-ray spectroscopic discoveries and research". In 1934 he received the Hughes Medal , in 1940 the Rumford Medal of the Royal Society , in which he was elected as a "Foreign Member" in 1954. In 1953 he became an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh . In 1948 he was awarded the Duddell Medal of the Physical Society of London ; Elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1969.

Web links

Commons : Manne Siegbahn  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 226.
  2. ↑ entry on Siegbahn; Karl Manne Georg (1886–1978) in the Archives of the Royal Society , London
  3. ^ Fellows Directory. Biographical Index: Former RSE Fellows 1783–2002. (PDF file) Royal Society of Edinburgh, accessed April 7, 2020 .
  4. ^ American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Book of Members , amacad.org (PDF). Retrieved April 21, 2016
personal data
SURNAME Siegbahn, Manne
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Siegbahn, Karl Manne Georg (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swedish physicist and Nobel Prize winner
DATE OF BIRTH December 3, 1886
PLACE OF BIRTH Örebro , Sweden
DATE OF DEATH September 26, 1978
Place of death Stockholm , Sweden