First expatriation list of the German Reich from 1933

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With the first expatriation list of the German Reich in 1933 , the Nazi regime revoked 33 people of German citizenship and thus made them stateless . The legal basis of the expatriation lists was the law on the revocation of naturalizations and the withdrawal of German citizenship .

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The list was the first of a total of 359 lists and was published on August 25, 1933 in the Deutsches Reichsanzeiger . The last such list was published on April 7, 1945. A total of 39,006 people had been expatriated by the end of the Nazi regime .

The first list from August 1933 included prominent Nazi opponents such as the former SPD parliamentary group leader Rudolf Breitscheid , the writer Lion Feuchtwanger , the former Reich Minister -President Philipp Scheidemann , the publisher Willi Munzenberg , the theater critic Alfred Kerr , the councilor communist Max Hoelz , the journalist and writer Kurt Tucholsky , the writer Heinrich Mann , the mathematician Emil Gumbel , the communist and MdR Wilhelm Pieck , the writer and politician Ernst Toller , the communist Kurt Grossmann , the SPD party leader and spokesman against the so-called Enabling Act , Otto Wels , the Berlin Vice President, Goebbels opponent and defender of the rule of law Bernhard Weiß and the former Prussian Interior Minister Albert Grzesinski and others. A large part of the intellectual elite of what was then Germany was on the expatriation lists. The property of the expatriates was confiscated, leaving most of them destitute.

List of names

Facsimile of the first expatriation list: The Reich Minister of the Interior, pp. Pfundtner

Reactions

In the German Club in London, pictures of the 33 expatriates were hung with the signature: "If you meet someone, kill him!".

literature

  • Michael Hepp (Ed.): The expatriation of German citizens 1933-45 according to the lists published in the Reichsanzeiger . tape 1 : Lists in chronological order . Saur, Munich 1985, ISBN 3-598-10537-1 , pp. 3 (Reprint: de Gruyter Saur, 2010, ISBN 978-3-11-095062-5 ).
  • Klaus Pfeiffer, Joachim Rott: The first expatriation list from August 25, 1933 (=  Topography of Terror. Notes . Volume 9 ). Hentrich & Hentrich, Berlin 2016, ISBN 978-3-95565-085-8 .

See also

supporting documents

  1. ^ German Reichsanzeiger . August 25, 1933.
  2. ↑ a b Michael Hepp (ed.): The expatriation of German citizens 1933–45 according to the lists published in the Reichsanzeiger. (PDF; 20 kB). 3 volumes. Saur, Munich et al. 1985–1988, ISBN 3-598-10537-1 .
  3. ↑ Horst Meier: Prussia, Jew, Patriot and Democrat. Bernhard Weiß, Vice President of the Berlin Police, and the Defense of the Weimar Republic. In: Deutschlandradio . Feature about Bernhard Weiß