List of expatriates during National Socialism until 1936
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Ausb%C3%BCrgerungs-Mitteilung_Jury_Fr%C3%A4nkel%2C_1942%2C_Deutsche_Gesandtschaft_Stockholm.jpg/220px-Ausb%C3%BCrgerungs-Mitteilung_Jury_Fr%C3%A4nkel%2C_1942%2C_Deutsche_Gesandtschaft_Stockholm.jpg)
Notification of expatriation to Jury Fränkel , 1942
The list of expatriates during National Socialism includes those people whose German citizenship was revoked by the Nazi regime by March 1936 . In the vast majority of cases, this made those affected stateless , with all the negative consequences this would have for those affected.
The first expatriation list of the German Reich of 1933 , published in the Deutsches Reichsanzeiger and Prussian State Gazette No. 198 of August 25, 1933, comprised 33 names. A total of 39,006 German citizens had been expatriated by the end of the Nazi regime.
A.
- Max Abraham (1904–1977), author and activist
- Alfred Apfel (1882–1941), lawyer
- Frank Arnau (1894–1976), writer
B.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-W0409-300%2C_Bertolt_Brecht.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-W0409-300%2C_Bertolt_Brecht.jpg)
Bertolt Brecht , expatriated in June 1935
- Johannes R. Becher (1891–1958), writer
- Hans Beimler (1895–1936), KPD politician
- Paul Bekker (1882–1937), conductor and music critic
- Georg Bernhard (1875–1944), journalist
- Karl Böchel (1884–1946), SPD politician
- Max Brauer (1887–1973), SPD politician
- Bertolt Brecht (1898–1956), writer
- Willi Bredel (1901–1964), writer
- Karl Brehm
- Rudolf Breitscheid (1874–1944), SPD politician
- Fritz Bremer
- Wolfgang Bretholz (1904–1969), journalist
- Samuel Broszyner
- Hermann Budzislawski (1901–1978), journalist
- Karl Bühren (1888–1938), worker athlete and sports official
- Kurt Clemens Burkert
- Peter Bussemeyer , journalist
C.
- Esriel Gotthelf Carlebach (1908–1956), journalist
- Wilhelm Chmara
- Siegmund Crummenerl (1892–1940), engraver and trade unionist
D.
- Alfred Dang (1893–1956), journalist and educator
- Kurt Doberer (1904–1993), engineer, journalist and writer
E.
- Emil Oskar Edel (1892–1958), SPD politician
- Albert Einstein (1879–1955), theoretical physicist
- Eugen Eppstein (1878–1943), KPD politician
F.
- Alfred Falk (1896–1951), pacifist
- Gustav Ferl (1890–1970), SPD politician (expatriated under the name Gustav Fehrl )
- Lion Feuchtwanger (1884–1958), writer
- Hans Finsterbusch , journalist
- Friedrich Wilhelm Foerster (1869–1966), pacifist
- Leonhard Frank (1882–1961), writer
- Otto Friedländer (1897–1954), philosopher
- Ernst Friedrich (1894–1967), anarchist and pacifist
G
- Hellmut von Gerlach (1866–1935), journalist, pacifist, left-wing liberal politician
- Elfriede Gohlke (= Ruth Fischer , 1895–1961), KPD politician
- Erich Goldbaum (1899–1969), caricaturist
- Nahum Goldmann (1895–1982), journalist and Zionist
- Oskar Maria Graf (1894–1967), writer
- Heinrich Grönewald (1909–1957), teacher and journalist
- Arthur Groß , SPD functionary
- Kurt Grossmann (1897–1972), journalist
- Max Gruschwitz (1892 – probably between 1942 and 1944), communist functionary
- Albert Grzesinski (1879–1947), SPD politician, Prussian interior minister
- Emil Julius Gumbel (1891–1966), pacifist, mathematics professor
- Eduard Günther called Albert
H
- Karl Otto halter
- Felix Halle (1884–1937), lawyer
- Wolfgang Hallgarten (1901–1975), historian
- Erich Hamburger
- Wilhelm Hansmann (1886–1963), SPD politician
- John Heartfield (1891–1968), painter, printmaker, photomontage artist
- Friedrich Heckert (1884–1936), KPD politician
- Werner Hegemann (1881–1936), urban planner, architecture critic and writer
- Gustav Reinhold Hentschke (1899–1984), roofer and KPD functionary
- Kurt Häntzschel (1889–1941), administrative lawyer and press lawyer
- Paul Hertz (1888–1961), SPD politician
- Wieland Herzfelde (1896–1988), publicist and publisher
- Rudolf Hilferding (1877–1941), economist and politician
- Kurt Hiller (1885–1972), pacifist and publicist
- Werner Hirsch (1899–1941), journalist
- Hans Hirschfeld (1894–1971), journalist and ministerial official
- Max Hodann (1894–1946), doctor and sex pedagogue
- Wife of Max Hoelz
- Max Karl zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1901–1943), journalist and writer
- Max Hölz (1889–1933), communist
- Waltraud Hölz, wife of Max Hölz
- Lothar Holland
- Karl Höltermann (1894–1955), journalist and SPD politician
J
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/ErsteAusbuergerungsliste.jpg/240px-ErsteAusbuergerungsliste.jpg)
Facsimile of the first expatriation list: The Reich Minister of the Interior, pp. Pfundtner
- Berthold Jacob (1898–1944), journalist, pacifist
- Adam Hunter
- Hans Joel
K
- Alfred Kantorowicz (1899–1979), lawyer and writer
- Alfred Kerr (1867–1948), theater critic
- Helmuth Klotz (1894–1943), publicist
- Hanns Knieling
- Friedrich Kniestedt (1873–1947), anarchist writer
- Heinz Kraschutzki (1891–1982), pacifist
- Walter Kreiser (1898–1958), aircraft designer and journalist
- Friedrich Kummer
L.
- Fritz Lachmann
- Wolfgang Langhoff (1901–1966), actor and director
- Botho Laserstein (1901–1955), lawyer and publicist
- Otto Lehmann-Rußbüldt (1873–1964), pacifist
- Rudolf Leonhard (1889–1953), writer
- Kurt Levy (1911–1987), draftsman and illustrator
- Heinz Liepmann (1905–1966), writer
- Hubertus Prince zu Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg (1906–1984), lawyer and journalist
M.
- Erika Mann (1905–1969), actress and writer
- Heinrich Mann (1871–1950), writer
- Klaus Mann (1906–1949), writer
- Siegfried Mark
- Hubert Marzen
- Peter Maslowski (1893–1983), KPD politician
- Gustav Ludwig May (1887–1946), stage director and theater director
- Walter Mehring (1896–1981), writer, especially satirist
- Bernhard Menne (1901–1968), journalist
- Rosa Meyer-Leviné (1890–1979), writer
- Hippolit Middecke (born 1903)
- Willi Mielenz (1895–1942), KPD functionary
- Creszentia Mühsam (1884–1962), wife and colleague of Erich Mühsam
- Willi Munzenberg (1889–1940), communist publisher
N
- Carola Neher (1900–1942), actress
- Heinz Neumann (1902–1937), KPD politician
O
- Balder Olden (1882-1949), writer
- Erich Ollenhauer (1901–1963), SPD politician
P
- Carl Peschke
- Max Pfeiffer (born April 25, 1896 in Düsseldorf)
- Franz Pfemfert (1879–1954), publicist, politician and photographer
- Julius Piech
- Wilhelm Pieck (1876–1960), KPD politician
- Erwin Piscator (1893–1966), theater director
- Martin Plettl (1881–1963), dressmaker and trade unionist
- Theodor Plievier (1892–1955), writer
- Heinz Pol (1901–1972), journalist and writer
- Waldemar Pötzsch (also called Waldemar Pötsch ) (1892–1944), functionary of the German Sailors' Association
R.
- Alexandra Ramm-Pfemfert (1883–1963), translator, publicist and gallery owner
- Gustav Regulator (1898–1963), journalist and writer
- Hermann Remmele , wrong in the list with Otto Remmele
- Kurt Rosenfeld (1877–1943), lawyer and politician
S.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/de/thumb/3/37/SenderToni.jpg/220px-SenderToni.jpg)
Tony Sender , expatriated in March 1934
- Julius Schaxel (1887–1943), zoologist and developmental biologist
- Philipp Scheidemann (1865–1939), SPD politician
- Victor Schiff (1895–1953), journalist
- Josef Schneider and his wife
- Walter Schönstedt (1909 – unknown), writer
- Ernst shoemaker
- Johann Schwalbach and his wife Ruth Schwalbach
- Leopold Schwarzschild (1891–1950), journalist
- Arthur Seehof , journalist
- Gerhart Seger (1896–1967), social democratic politician, pacifist and publicist
- Tony Sender (1888–1964), journalist and social democratic politician
- Max Seydewitz (1892–1987), social democratic politician
- Max Sievers (1887–1944), free thinker
- Jacob Simon
- Herbert Stahl
- Friedrich Stampfer (1874–1957), journalist
- Justin Steinfeld (1886–1970), writer
- Edward Stilgebauer (1868–1936)
- Otto Strasser (1897–1974), National Socialist politician and founder of the small national Bolshevik party Black Front
- Ludwig Stautz called Vigo
T
- Ernst Toller (1893–1939), writer
- Kurt Tucholsky (1890–1935), writer, journalist, pacifist
U
- Bodo Uhse (1904–1963), writer and journalist
- Hugo Urbahns (1890–1946), KPD politician
V
- Johann Vogel (1881–1945), SPD chairman
W.
- Gustav von Wangenheim (1895–1975), actor and director
- Erich Weinert (1890–1953), writer
- Bernhard Weiß (1880–1951), Berlin Vice Police President
- Robert Weismann (1869–1942), Prussian State Secretary
- Otto Wels (1873–1939), SPD politician
- Johannes Werthauer (1866–1938), lawyer
- Paul Westheim (1886–1963), writer and editor
- Friedrich Wolf (1888–1953), doctor, writer and politician
- Arthur Wolff
- Erich Wollenberg (1892–1973), KPD functionary
Y
- David Yaskiel , British-Jewish International Agency official
Z
- Dietrich Freiherr von Zedlitz-Neukirch
- Arnold Zweig (1887–1968), writer
See also
literature
- Michael Hepp (ed.): The expatriation of German citizens 1933-45 according to the lists published in the Reichsanzeiger . tape 1 : Lists in chronological order. De Gruyter Saur, Munich / New York / London / Paris 1985, ISBN 978-3-11-095062-5 , pp. 4 (reprinted 2010).
- Maximilian Scheer (Ed.): The German people accuse . 1936, pp. 244 and 245. Reprint: Laika, Hamburg, 2012, ISBN 978-3-942281-20-1 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Michael Hepp (Ed.): The expatriation of German citizens 1933-45 according to the lists published in the Reichsanzeiger . tape 1 : Lists in chronological order. De Gruyter Saur, Munich / New York / London / Paris 1985, ISBN 978-3-11-095062-5 , pp. XLV to LIV (reprinted 2010).
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak Michael Hepp (ed.): The expatriation of German citizens 1933 –45 according to the lists published in the Reichsanzeiger . tape 1 : Lists in chronological order. De Gruyter Saur, Munich / New York / London / Paris 1985, ISBN 978-3-11-095062-5 , pp. 5 f . (Reprinted 2010).
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag First expatriation list of the German Reich from 1933 ; Michael Hepp (ed.): The expatriation of German citizens 1933-45 according to the lists published in the Reichsanzeiger . tape 1 : Lists in chronological order. De Gruyter Saur, Munich / New York / London / Paris 1985, ISBN 978-3-11-095062-5 , pp. 3 (reprinted 2010).
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak Second expatriation list of the German Empire ; Michael Hepp (ed.): The expatriation of German citizens 1933-45 according to the lists published in the Reichsanzeiger . tape 1 : Lists in chronological order. De Gruyter Saur, Munich / New York / London / Paris 1985, ISBN 978-3-11-095062-5 , pp. 4 (reprinted 2010).
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab Third list of expatriation of the German Reich ; Michael Hepp (ed.): The expatriation of German citizens 1933-45 according to the lists published in the Reichsanzeiger . tape 1 : Lists in chronological order. De Gruyter Saur, Munich / New York / London / Paris 1985, ISBN 978-3-11-095062-5 , pp. 5 (reprinted 2010).
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Michael Hepp (ed.): The expatriation of German citizens 1933–45 according to the lists published in the Reichsanzeiger . tape 1 : Lists in chronological order. De Gruyter Saur, Munich / New York / London / Paris 1985, ISBN 978-3-11-095062-5 , pp. 6th f . (Reprinted 2010).
- ↑ DNB 133473864