Boworadet

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Prince Boworadet

Prince Boworadet ( Thai พระ วร วงศ์ เธอ พระองค์เจ้า บวร เดช ; RTGS : Phra Worawongthoe Phra-ongchao Boworadet; * 1877 or 1878; † 1947, 1953 or 1956) was a member of the Siamese royal family. He was a grandson of King Mongkut (Rama IV.), General and from 1928 to 1931 Minister of War (head of the Kalahom Ministry ). After the abolition of the absolute monarchy, he unsuccessfully led an armed uprising against the government in 1933. Then he went into exile in French Indochina.

Life

Prince Boworadet as Minister of the Kalahom

Boworadet was a son of Prince Naret, who was the son of King Mongkut and one of his concubines. His original name was Mom Chao Boworadet Kridakon . He received his education at Harrow School and the Royal Military Academy Woolwich in England. He had a close and friendly relationship with his cousin, the later King Vajiravudh , who also studied in England. Boworadet later served as the Siamese ambassador to France. In 1912 Vajiravudh, who had meanwhile ascended the throne, appointed him to the army leadership. In 1928 the new King Prajadhipok appointed him head of the Kalahom Ministry (comparable to a minister of war). He succeeded Prince Paribatra Sukhumbandh , who had been promoted to head of the Mahatthai Ministry (comparable to a prime minister). In 1929 the king granted him the rank of Phra Ong Chao (corresponds to highness ). In 1931 Boworadet resigned as Minister of War when the High Council refused to support him on the question of an increase in pay.

Boworadet rebellion

Provinces that joined the Boworadet rebellion in red. Provinces loyal to the government in blue.

From October 12 to 24, 1933, Boworadet led a royalist rebellion against the government of Colonel Phraya Phahon . This coup attempt was aimed at reversing the outcome of the coup d'état of 1932 , which had brought about the transition from absolute to constitutional monarchy . Boworadet gathered soldiers from the northeast and central Thai provinces of Nakhon Ratchasima , Ubon Ratchathani , Prachinburi , Saraburi , Phetchaburi , Ayutthaya and Nakhon Sawan . The troops marched on Bangkok and gave the government an ultimatum. They demanded the resignation of Prime Minister Phraya Phahon and the establishment of "true democratic" rule.

Government troops during the Boworadet rebellion.

The government violently fought the insurrection, so the country was close to civil war. The government troops were led by the later Prime Minister and then Lieutenant Colonel Phibunsongkhram . King Prajadhipok , who was in the extreme south, on the border with Malaya during the uprising , took no position for Boworadet. He even declared his opposition to the rebellion so as not to give the impression that he was seeking a return to absolutism . The rebel troops were initially able to record some successes in eastern Thailand. In the end, however, the government troops succeeded in defeating the insurgents. Both sides suffered numerous deaths.

After the failed rebellion, Boworadet fled to French Indochina .

annotation

  1. ↑ The name is also transcribed as Bavoradej, Baworadej, Bovoradej, Bovoradet, Boworadej or Bowondet.

literature

  • Stephen Lyon Wakeman Greene: Absolute dreams. Thai government under Rama VI, 1910–1925. White Lotus Press, 1999, ISBN 974-8434-69-9 .
  • Barend Jan Terwiel : Thailand's Political History. From the Fall of Ayutthaya in 1767 to Recent Times. River Books, 2005.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c Judith A. Stowe: Siam Becomes Thailand. A story of intrigue. C. Hurst & Co., London 1991, ISBN 0-8248-1393-6 , p. 368.
  2. ↑ a b Greene: Absolute dreams. 1999, p. 23.
  3. ↑ a b David Smyth: Foreword to Nimitmongkol Navarat: The dreams of an idealist. Silkworm Books, 2009, p. 4.
  4. ↑ a b Patit Paban Mishra: The History of Thailand. Greenwood, 2010, p. 109.
  5. ↑ Greene: Absolute dreams. 1999, p. 59.
  6. ^ A b Terwiel: Thailand's Political History. 2005, p. 257.
  7. ^ Terwiel: Thailand's Political History. 2005, p. 261.
  8. ↑ a b Martina Peitz: The Elephant's Tiger Leaping. Rent-seeking, nation building and catch-up development in Thailand. LIT Verlag, Zurich 2008, ISBN 978-3-03735-268-7 , pp. 185f.
  9. ^ Volker Grabowsky : Brief history of Thailand. CH Beck, Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-406-60129-3 , 155.
  10. ^ Terwiel: Thailand's Political History. 2005, p. 265.
personal data
SURNAME Boworadet
ALTERNATIVE NAMES พระ วร วงศ์ เธอ พระองค์เจ้า บวร เดช (ThS)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Member of the Siamese royal family
DATE OF BIRTH 1877 or 1878
DATE OF DEATH 1947 or 1953 or 1956