Hipólito Yrigoyen

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Hipólito Yrigoyen (disambiguation) .

Hipólito Yrigoyen (around 1926)

Juan Hipólito del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús Yrigoyen Alem (born July 12, 1852 in Buenos Aires , †  July 3, 1933 ibid) was an Argentine politician . He was president of Argentina twice . As a member of the Radical Party ( Unión Cívica Radical ), he was elected President in 1916. His first presidency ended in 1922. He was re-elected president in 1928 and overthrown in a military coup in 1930 .

Political career

Presidency

Hipólito Yrigoyen came from the middle class that emerged around the turn of the century. The Radical Party to which he belonged was an opposition movement to the traditional political system of rule of the country oligarchy . She came to power in 1916 when the first universal male suffrage was held for the first time in Argentine history.

Yrigoyen secured political legitimation through the - sometimes violent - integration of the Argentine working and middle class. Foreign policy he supported the Mexican Revolution and condemned the presence of the US Marines in Nicaragua .

In 1922 he was replaced in the presidency by his internal party competitor Marcelo de Alvear . In 1928 he managed to win another election, but increasingly showed signs of political weakness. He left his opponent Alvear as chairman of the party and did not oppose the increasing politicization of the military carried out by Generals Agustín Pedro Justo and José Félix Uriburu - in deliberate opposition to Yrigoyen's government .

Fall

Against the background that Yrigoyen was an old man, the Radical Party was becoming increasingly corrupt and the Depression hit the country deeply, a military coup led by General Uriburu took place in September 1930, which restored the supremacy of the oligarchy, which had been voted out in 1916. The later President Juan Perón was one of the military involved in the coup .

Yrigoyen spent the last years of his life in poverty until he died on July 3, 1933. A large crowd joined his funeral procession.

literature

• Robert J. Alexander: The era Perón ( "The Peron Era"). Publishing house of Frankfurter Hefte, Frankfurt / M. 1952.
• Joel Horowitz: Populism And Its Legacies In Latin America . In: Michael L. Coniff (Ed.): Populism in Latin America . University Press, Tuscaloosa, Ala. 1999, ISBN 0-8173-0970-5 , pp. 22-42.

Web links

Commons : Hipólito Yrigoyen  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• David X. Noack: Oil and Cattle: Relations between Argentina and the Soviet Union and the struggle for Argentine oil during the Etapa Radical (1916-1930) , amerika21.de September 9, 2015.
• Newspaper article about Hipólito Yrigoyen in the 20th century press kit of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ José Gabriel Vazeilles: Historia argentina: Etapas económicas y políticas 1850-1983. Editorial Biblos, Buenos Aires 2007, p. 112f.
2. ↑ José Gabriel Vazeilles: Historia argentina: Etapas económicas y políticas 1850-1983. Editorial Biblos, Buenos Aires 2007, p. 237.

predecessor	Office	successor
Victorino de la Plaza	President of Argentina 1916 - 1922	Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear
Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear	President of Argentina 1928 - 1930	José Félix Uriburu