Elizabeth Bishop

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Elizabeth Bishop, 1934

Elizabeth Bishop (born February 8, 1911 in Worcester , Massachusetts , † October 6, 1979 in Boston , Massachusetts) was an American poet and writer of the modern age .

Life

Elizabeth Bishop's father, William Thomas Bishop, died before her first birthday. Her mother, Gertrude Bishop, nee Bulmer, suffered several nervous breakdowns and was permanently admitted to a sanatorium when Bishop was five years old. Elizabeth Bishop grew up from the age of three to six with Canadian maternal grandparents in Great Village , Nova Scotia in a loving and happy atmosphere. After that she spent her childhood against her will with her father's family in Worcester and Boston in poor conditions. She attended Walnut Hill School near Boston and then went to Vassar College in Poughkeepsie , New York, for four years . During this time she wrote with Mary McCarthy and others for the literary magazine Con Spirito . In 1934, the year her mother died, Elizabeth Bishop graduated from Vassar College. In the same year she met Marianne Moore , who exerted a great influence on the early work of Elizabeth Bishop.

Elizabeth Bishop in Brazil, 1964.

Marianne Moore suggested her for the Houghton Mifflin Poetry Prize , which Elizabeth Bishop received in 1946 for North & South . For the work North & South-A Cold Spring she was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1956 and the National Book Award in 1970 for The Complete Poems . In 1976 she was the first and so far only American woman to receive the Neustadt International Prize for Literature for her last volume of poetry, Geography III . She was also made a member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters in 1954 and a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1968 . Bishop published the majority of her short stories and poems in the New Yorker and Partisan Reviews .

Bishop traveled several times through Europe, often stayed in Florida and finally decided in 1951 to stay in Brazil for long periods of time , where she could live openly homosexually , for example with the architect Lota de Macedo Soares , who came from a prominent Brazilian family of politicians ( Rare and Commonplace Flowers: The Story of Elizabeth Bishop and Lota de Macedo Soares, Oliveira, Carmen , Rutgers University Press, ISBN 0-813-53359-7 , 2002).

Bishop was close friends with the great poets Robert Lowell and Howard Moss . Among her students and admirers were John Ashbery , Mark Strand , Frank Bidart . Bishop taught at the University of Washington (Seattle) and Harvard University on her return from Brazil and during the last decade of her life . She died in Boston, Massachusetts in 1979 at the age of 68. Bishop is one of the most influential American poets of the 20th century.

Works

Poetry

  • 1946 North & South
  • 1955 North & South-A Cold Spring
  • 1965 Questions of Travel
  • 1969 The Complete Poems
  • 1976 Geography III
  • 1979 Filling Station
  • 1927–1979 The Complete Poems - published after her death in 1983

Other works

  • 1957 The Diary of Helena Morley
  • 1964 Three Stories by Clarice Lispector
  • 1968 Ballad of the Burglar of Babylon (children's book)
  • 1984 The Collected Prose
  • 1994 One Art (collected letters) ( posthumous )
  • 1996 Exchanging Hats (paintings) (posthumous)
  • 2006 Edgar Allan Poe & The Juke-Box: Uncollected Poems, Drafts, and Fragments (posthumous)

Translations

  • Poems , trans. v. Klaus Martens. Akzente 4 (August 1986), 292-304.
  • The sea and its beach , across. v. Klaus Martens. Akzente 4 (Aug 1986), 305-312.
  • The silent madness. Stories , trans. ume afterword v. by Reinhard Kaiser. Frankfurter Verl.-Anst., Frankfurt am Main 1990, ISBN 3-627-10095-6 ; also Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag 1993, ISBN 3-596-11289-3
  • Everything sea a sliding marble. Poems, bilingual , translated and edited with an afterword by Klaus Martens. Mattes Verlag, Heidelberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86809-045-1
  • Poems . Bilingual edition by Steffen Popp. Hanser Verlag, Munich 2018, ISBN 978-3446260146

Secondary literature

  • Klaus Martens, Das Ich des Auges or Die Lust an der Geographie , Akzente 4 (August 1986), 313-324
  • Klaus Martens, The Moose of It: A Poem by Elizabeth Bishop in its Anglo-American Traditions . In Transatlantic Encounters. Studies in European-American Relations. FS for Winfried Herget. Edited by UJ Hebel, K. Ortseifen. Trier, WVT 1995, 279-294.
  • David Kalstone with Robert Hemenway (Ed.): Becoming a poet: Elizabeth Bishop with Marianne Moore and Robert Lowell . New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, 1989 ISBN 0-374-10960-5
  • Colm Tóibín : On Elizabeth Bishop . Princeton: Princeton UP, 2011
  • Megan Marshall: Elizabeth Bishop: a miracle for breakfast , Boston; New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2017, ISBN 978-0-544-61730-8

Film adaptations

2013: The Poet (original title Flores Raras ), feature film by Bruno Barreto with Miranda Otto in the title role

In the film In My Sister's Shoes , Cameron Diaz, as a nurse, reads Bishop's poem One Art to a blind literature professor and tries to interpret it.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Random House: Elizabeth Bishop
  2. ↑ Flores Raras in the Internet Movie Database (English)
personal data
SURNAME Bishop, Elizabeth
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American poet and writer
DATE OF BIRTH February 8, 1911
PLACE OF BIRTH Worcester , Massachusetts
DATE OF DEATH October 6, 1979
Place of death Boston , Massachusetts