Ali-Naghi Vaziri

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Ali-Naghi Vaziri , also ʿAli-Naqi Vaziri and Ali Naghi Waziri ( Persian علینقی وزیری, DMG 'Alī-Naqī-ye Wazīrī ; * 1887 in Tehran ; † September 9, 1979 ibid) was an Iranian musician , musicologist and composer .

Life

Ali-Naghi Vaziri was born in 1887 to Musa Khan Vaziri, an officer in the Persian Cossack Brigade , and Bibi Chatun Astarabadi , a writer and founder of the Iranian women's movement. He received his first lessons on the tar , which would later become his preferred instrument, from an uncle at the age of 15. Later he attended Dar-ol Fonun and studied Western music theory with Yavar Agha Khan. Before he became a student of the tar player Darwisch Khan (1872-1922), he received lessons in violin, harmony and Western music notation from a French clergyman who worked as an organist at the Catholic Church in Tehran.

In 1918 Vaziri traveled to Paris and Berlin to deepen his studies in composition, piano and singing. In Berlin he also brought out a tar textbook, which is still important today, which contains, among other things, his fundamental views on the traditional Persian Dastgāh system . After his return to Iran in 1923, he founded his own music school ( Madrasa-ye ʿāli-e musiqi ) in 1924 and organized concerts based on Western models. Vaziri also managed to offer music lessons to girls at his school, initially against the will of the authorities. In 1928 Vaziri became director of the Tehran Music Conservatory. After founding the University of Tehran in 1936, Vaziri received a professorship for “Aesthetics” at the University of Tehran, which he held until his retirement in 1965. In contrast to the tradition-steeped Nur-Ali Borumand (1905–1977), Vaziri saw himself as a reformer who tried to integrate Western melodies into the Radif , the basic form of classical Persian music , and to experiment with quarter-tone scales. His division of the chromatic scale, divided into 24 quarter-tone steps equally spaced, was based on the western division of the chromatic scale into 12 semitone steps; but in practice it remained rather theory. To remember the Persian to the musical scales and modes (see Dastgah ) founding melodies he led as a sign used accidentals (accidents) Koron and Sori one. Vaziri is the author of a three-volume work on the theoretical foundations of Persian and European music.

Vaziri was the first to publish the not previously written Radif by Hossein-Gholi Farahani (1853-1916) in musical notation.

One of his most important students was the Iranian musician Abol Hasan Sabā (born April 15, 1902, † December 19, 1957).

In 1941 Vaziri founded the Novin Orchestra Radio Iran together with his student Ruhollah Chaleghi (1906–1965) , who was also very important for the traditional music of Iran. From 1946 he devoted himself exclusively to teaching at the University of Tehran. Vaziri died in Tehran on September 9, 1979 at the age of 91.

literature

  • Nasser Kanani: Traditional Persian art music: history, musical instruments, structure, execution, characteristics. 2nd revised and expanded edition, Gardoon Verlag, Berlin 2012, pp. 146–150
  • Ruhollah Khaleghi: Sargozascht-e musighi-ye Iran. (History of Persian Music), Volume II, Tehran 1956
  • Seyyed Ali-Reza Mir Ali-Naqi: Musighi Nameh Waziri. , Tehran 1998
  • Hossein Mehrâni (Ed.): Colonel-AliNaqi-Vaziri: Advanced Level Radif. Iran 2002/2003 ISBN 964-06-0558-1 .

gallery

  • Ali-Naghi Vazari as Director of the Conservatory, 1925

  • Ali-Naghi Vazari with Tar

Web links

References and comments

  1. ^ Nasser Kanani: Traditional Persian Art Music: History, Musical Instruments, Structure, Execution, Characteristics. 2nd revised and expanded edition, Gardoon Verlag, Berlin 2012, p. 147.
  2. ↑ Ali Naqi Vaziri: Dastur-e Târ. ( Ta'alimat-i musiqi [...] ), printing and publishing house Kaviani, Berlin-Charlottenburg o. J. (started 1912/13, printed 1922 or 1923)
  3. ^ Nasser Kanani: Traditional Persian Art Music: History, Musical Instruments, Structure, Execution, Characteristics . 2nd revised and expanded edition, Gardoon Verlag, Berlin 2012, p. 148.
  4. ↑ Sorī (سُرى) and koron (كُرُن) are names that were probably invented by Vaziri. The term sorī could be a derivation from the verb sorīdan (سريدن) = “slide, slide”, which means “slide the tone 1/4 upwards”, and the term koron a derivation from the word korneš ( كرنش) = "deep bow" in the meaning that the sound "bends" downwards by 1/4.
  5. ^ Nasser Kanani: Traditional Persian Art Music: History, Musical Instruments, Structure, Execution, Characteristics . 2nd revised and expanded edition, Gardoon Verlag, Berlin 2012, p. 149 f.
  6. ↑ Musighi-ye Nazari. , Tehran 1934.
  7. ↑ The Radif of Mirzâ Abdollâh. A Canonic Repertoire of Persian Music . Edited by Jean During, Mahoor Institute of Culture and Art, Teheran 2006, p. 291 f.
  8. ↑ Edith Gerson-Kiwi: The Persian Doctrine of Dastga Composition. A phenomenological study in the musical modes. Israel Music Institute, Tel-Aviv 1963, p. 14.
personal data
SURNAME Vaziri, Ali-Naghi
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Vaziri, ʿAli-Naqi; Waziri, Ali Naghi; علینقی وزیری (Persian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Iranian musician, musicologist and composer
DATE OF BIRTH 1887
PLACE OF BIRTH Tehran
DATE OF DEATH September 9, 1979
Place of death Tehran