A clockwork orange (film)

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Movie
German title Clockwork Orange
Original title A clockwork orange
Clockworkorange-logo.svg
Country of production Great Britain ,
United States
original language English
Publishing year 1971
length 131 minutes
Age rating FSK 16
Rod
Director Stanley Kubrick
script Stanley Kubrick
production Stanley Kubrick
music Wendy Carlos
camera John Alcott
cut Bill Butler
occupation
synchronization

Uhrwerk Orange (original title: A Clockwork Orange ) is Stanley Kubrick's film adaptation of the future novel of the same name by Anthony Burgess . The film is based on the original American book version of the novel, which has been shortened by the last chapter. Therefore, the ending in the book that was published 10 years earlier is very different from the one shown in the film. Kubrick's film appeared several times in top ten lists of international films. It was shown for the first time in German cinemas on March 23, 1972.

action

Alex, who through his own life story tells the whole movie ( voice-over ), is the leader of a gang of youths and also a passionate Beethoven -lover. The gang lives in a desolate, future suburb of London. She uses an idiosyncratic language, a jargon interspersed with Russian chunks and Cockney slang - " Nadsat ". Her life revolves around violence against the defenseless, brawls with other gangs, robbery and rape. For Alex in particular, money seems to play a subordinate role. Celebrating and enjoying the excesses of violence is in the foreground for the leader of the gang. So the four of them mistreat a defenseless old trampoline. That same night, masked, they break into the villa of the writer Frank Alexander and his wife. Alex rapes the woman after he quietly stripped her with scissors and meanwhile sang Singin 'in the Rain , while at the same time kicking and beating her husband to the beat of the song. The woman is said to have committed suicide later because of the brutal humiliation and rape.

In the course of time, the group begins to develop into a crisis. Alex's leadership style becomes too authoritarian for the others, and the robberies don't make enough money for them. Alex can temporarily consolidate his rule by using the most brutal methods to put his two critics in their place; He hits one violently in the abdomen and slits the hand of the other. And with a relaxed “debate” afterwards, he believes that he has clarified the balance of power in his own way. In one of the next raids, however, what has long been foreseeable happens. When a single woman ("cat woman") breaks into the house, who brutally kills Alex with a large penis sculpture, he is hit in the face by his "droogs" (nadsat: "friends") after leaving the house with a milk bottle . As a result, his eyesight is impaired for a short time and the police, which the woman has previously called, can arrest him without any problems. Alex is sentenced to 14 years in prison for murder.

There he ingratiated himself with the prison pastor for the first two years. When the interior minister visits him, he is promptly selected as a test subject for a newly developed aversion therapy . The government, which is confronted with overcrowded prisons, hopes that this so-called "Ludovico technique" will contribute to the rehabilitation of criminals. In the medical institution Ludovico, Alex, in a white straitjacket, forcibly fixed to a cinema chair , is exposed to brutal films for hours with his eyes forced open with clips on the lids, whereby a pre-administered serum is said to cause severe nausea at the sight of violence. In this way he should gradually be conditioned so that he can no longer endure physical and sexual violence.

At the end of the 14-day therapy, Alex is discharged as allegedly cured. The effects of the therapy, however, are ambiguous; the slightest thought of violence or sexual desire overwhelms him with nausea, acute nausea and great pain. Alex is now apparently defenseless and willless. As an unintended side effect, these symptoms also occur when listening to Beethoven's 9th Symphony , the background music during one of the conditioning in the context of psychotherapy.

After his release, Alex discovers that his parents have given his room to a lodger named Joe. The violence that he once exercised against others is now falling back more and more on himself: On the Thames he meets the old tramp he once beat up with his gang and who now vent his anger on him with other homeless people. Alex is rescued by two policemen who then turn out to be his two old "droogs". They take revenge on him by taking him into the forest, holding him underwater in a cattle trough for a minute and beating him with rubber truncheons. Injured, Alex can drag himself to a villa without realizing that it is the home of the writer Alexander. The writer, who was disabled by the kicks and blows at the time and had to sit in a wheelchair, initially regards him as a victim of the government, takes care of him and plans to use him for a political campaign against the incumbent government. But when Alex sings the song Singin 'in the Rain in the bathtub and rhythmically hits the water with his hand, the writer realizes: It was Alex who attacked him and his wife. After the bath, the writer, who is now looking for revenge, gives him a portion of spaghetti and a bottle of wine. He asks him, together with friends he has called, about details of psychotherapy and its consequences. They also find out what the 9th Symphony has triggered in him since the conditioning, lock Alex, who has been stunned by the prepared wine, in an upstairs room and loudly play the 9th Symphony, which Alex can no longer take - he no longer wants live and throw himself out the window.

Alex wakes up in a hospital seriously injured. He thinks he can remember a brain operation, but the psychiatrist reassures him that it was just a dream. He can now hear Beethoven again without pain. The government, which is concerned about her re-election because of the known side effects of Alex's conditioning in the current election campaign, is taking advantage of this to catch votes in front of the camera with his "healing". The film ends with a sex scene in the snow in front of applauding spectators, apparently a vision of Alex, intoxicated by the music, and with his words: "I was healed, all right".

Title of the film and conclusion

A Clockwork Orange is a typical Kubrick film: At first it is irritating and shocking. It is often criticized that the violence is aestheticized (although the plot at the time of the film production was already closer to reality than in the book available at the time). The naturalness that Alex initially shows in his violent acts is shown by Kubrick by adding cheerful classical music to the scenes dominated by brutal violence. The suffering of his victims doesn't seem to affect Alex in the least.

Kubrick's rejection of the establishment is also expressed in this film when he assumes the government is hungry for power and science is omnipotent. The film refers to the “increasing feeling of insecurity in Western society [...]. In England, youth gangs such as rockers , mods and skinheads spread fear and terror. At the same time, anti- psychiatric advocates began to oppose psychological conditioning techniques and denounce the abuse of psychotropic therapy to which the protagonist Alex falls victim. "

The social criticism is most evident in the fact that Alex is the permanent loser; betrayed by his droogs (from друг "friend" in Russian), imprisoned as a murderer, abused by science as a test object, harnessed as a political vehicle by a cynical writer - and last but not least, the interior minister apologizes to Alex because he was only serving to polish up the image of the ailing government again. Every institution does what is morally correct from its point of view, but always only pursues its own interests at the expense of the individual.

There is disagreement about the meaning of the film's message. An interpretation of the film as well as the original book goes, for example, that every person should be allowed the freedom to behave badly and wrongly; because an individual who is forced to behave well is indoctrinated and incapable of independent personal development.

In this sense, the book author Anthony Burgess expressed himself in 1982: “It wasn't about violence as such, but about what governments would do about it. […] These young criminals […] should be brainwashed to become good citizens. [...] I saw it as a bad evil. These young people would be deprived of their freedom of choice. "

Burgess explained the title of his book as follows: “In 1945, when I got out of the Army, I heard an eighty-year-old Cockney in a London pub say someone was queer as a clockwork orange. The expression fascinated me as an expression of folk surrealistism . The opportunity to use the phrase as a title came in 1961 when I set out to write a novel on the subject of brainwashing. Man is a microcosm, he is a plant, organic like a fruit, he has color, fragility and sweetness. To manipulate it, to condition it, means to transform it into a mechanical object - a clockwork orange. "

Production notes

While filming a scene at the Ludovico Clinic, Malcolm McDowell's cornea was scratched, so that he is said to be temporarily blind. The doctor who sits next to him in the movie and drips saline solution into his forcibly held eyes was a real doctor who was supposed to keep McDowell's eyes from drying out. In addition, McDowell suffered multiple broken ribs while filming the stage performance in which Alex had to endure humiliation.

When Alex jumps out of the window to put an end to his agony, the audience sees the ground coming towards them before Alex hits the ground. This effect was staged by dropping a portable camera with the lens pointing down from the second or third floor to give a realistic impression of the fall, although Alex should have come up face up. The camera is said to have suffered lens damage, but was otherwise still functional.

Stanley Kubrick's guest house in Abbots Mead, Borehamwood , where he cut Clockwork Orange

The film editor Bill Butler came two weeks before the end of filming for the production. Ray Lovejoy had introduced him to the director. Butler worked with Kubrick every day for about a year on the editing of the film.

Director

The director Stanley Kubrick was a notorious perfectionist and therefore required a lot of settings when shooting . Malcolm McDowell is said to have, if his statements are believed, usually understood everything correctly quickly, so that Kubrick did not need too many adjustments. Kubrick wanted to give the film a dream-like, fantastic quality and used ultra-wide-angle lenses for many scenes . He also used time lapse and slow motion , which he had previously admired in certain scenes in one of his favorite films, Toshio Matsumoto's Stake in My Flesh .

Locations

Thamesmead South Housing Estate ⊙

Uhrwerk Orange was shot almost entirely at locations in and around London, with relatively few studio recordings taking place.

  • The scene in which the homeless man is attacked was filmed in the underpass under Trinity Road (A214) near the roundabout at London's Wandsworth Bridge Road. ⊙
  • The fight between the gangs of Alex and Billyboy originated in the now demolished Taggs Island theater, Kingston upon Thames .
  • The apartment Alex and his parents live in is in Borehamwood .
  • The scene of the robbery against the writer and his wife was filmed in a house called Skybreak in The Warren , Radlett , Hertfordshire . It was designed by Wendy and Norman Foster with Richard Rogers .
  • The scene in which Alex throws his droogs into the water was filmed at the Thamesmead South Housing Estate in London (51.499603, 0.122869).
  • The house where Alex is arrested by the police is in Shenley Lodge on Blackhorse Lane in Milton Keynes , Hertfordshire.
  • The exterior shots of the prison scenes took place in Wandsworth Prison, the interior shots in the Royal Artillery Barracks in Woolwich .
  • The scenes in the Ludovico Clinic were made at Brunel University in West London. ⊙
  • Alex's Leap Out the Window was filmed at Edgwarebury Country Club in Elstree, Hertfordshire.
  • Reconciliation with the homeless began on Albert Bridge Road on the banks of the Thames. ⊙

synchronization

The German synchronization was created in 1972 by Cineforum GmbH Berlin under the direction of Wolfgang Staudte .

reception

Reviews

On the Rotten Tomatoes website , 90% of a total of 52 reviews were positive. The summarized consensus describes the equally “disturbing” and “thought provoking” film as a “cold, dystopian nightmare with a very dark sense of humor”. On Metacritic , 18 evaluated reviews gave a Metascore of 80 out of 100.

“Bitterly angry film farce that analyzes the rape and mechanization of the individual in a civilization that has been bureaucratized and engineered to the point of lifelessness with grim consistency. A brilliant cinematic discourse about the hysterical hedonism of consumer culture, about the perverse aesthetics of violence and about the effects and manipulation possibilities of visual media. "

- Lexicon of international film

“Kubrick's film appears like a satirical, bitterly evil farce about this process, at a time when people set out to drive the horrors of the past out of their repression, but at the same time devoted themselves to new (old) ideologies about the“ new man ”. [...] After 30 years, "A Clockwork Orange" is still a topical, very contemporary and contemporary film for me. "

- Ulrich Behrens on film releases

"A classic of ice-cold malevolence."

- Cinema

Awards

Controversy over the content of the film

The morally dubious values ​​conveyed by the film have resulted in it being condemned and censored from many quarters since its first screening. The film critic Pauline Kael attributed the “glorification of sadistic violence” to him, the publicist Susan Sontag even called him “fascist”. The Science Fiction Times commented on the film in a similar tone: "Let us kill, comrades, before a future society makes us good and harmless: that is the message of the film."

In the United States, where the film premiered, the New York press named it Best Picture of the Year . With production costs of $ 2 million, Uhrwerk Orange made $ 14 million - one of Kubrick's greatest commercial successes.

However, Uhrwerk Orange received an X rating , and a shortened version with an R rating was later released in cinemas. The Catholic Church in the United States put the film on the index and banned its members from viewing it.

In Great Britain , Kubrick even took the film out of theaters entirely after a short start-up period. It was suspected at the time that he acted out of remorse after the press linked an assault on a homeless man to the film. In a later interview, however, his wife Christiane confirmed suspicions that the police had forced him to stop the performance (Kubrick's family is said to have been threatened). For a total of 27 years, the film was largely kept under lock and key in Great Britain until after Kubrick's death.

The criticism of the film historian Ulrich Gregor had some influence in German-speaking countries . For him, the film was staged as a “pretentious sociological treatise, enriched with unnecessary cruelty and monstrosities. Kubrick explores the relationships between sexuality, psychoanalysis, fascism, brutality, religion and many other things, using stylized sequences and images that are effective and shocking, but ultimately only leave confusion. Cruelty is here pseudo-critical and exerted with the air of the sensational; the 'time criticism' of this film is just attitude ”.

The film critic Peter W. Jansen liked to see Kubrick's use of stylistic devices from classical ballet as well as expressive dance, underpinned by the use of music, as “a rigorous stylization of violence”. The “pointing gesture” of the film, the outrageous language and facial expressions as well as the ironically used musical solemnity and triumphality can be interpreted as a distancing from this violence. Ronald Hahn and Volker Jansen admitted that this could be done, but rather “they should [d. H. Kubrick's tricks] serve to enable the viewer to indulge in his very private pleasure in sadism without a guilty conscience ”. They described Uhrwerk Orange as an "extremely cleverly written Bible of senseless, ultra-brutal violence."

The end of the film does not correspond to the book version intended by Burgess (see section "The 21st Chapter" in the book ).

“If the scandalous success of A Clockwork Orange in England increased the call for censorship because some scenes are actually hard to endure in their brutality and misogyny, this is also due to the emotional manipulation of the film, which has no return to the moral parable. The real scandal, however, is that the images in the viewer's space of experience create a work whose subversive power defies editorial discussions. Kubrick creates a visually obvious conflict between an evil, but energetic libido and a "cultural society" that urges the abandonment of desolate instincts, a conflict that, unlike Burgess (whose final chapter Kubrick did not know about in England), remains insurmountable. "

- Johann N. Schmidt

Anthony Burgess' reaction to the film

Anthony Burgess met the film adaptation of his novel with mixed feelings. In public he liked Malcolm McDowell and Michael Bates and the use of music in the film, which he hailed as "brilliant," even a film so brilliant that it could be dangerous. In fact, his first reaction was very enthusiastic, he insisted only that the removal of the last chapter of the novel bother him; but he blamed the American publisher and not Kubrick for this.

If you believe his autobiography, Burgess and Kubrick got along pretty well. Both men shared the same philosophical and political views. Both were very interested in literature, cinema, music and Napoleon Bonaparte ; Burgess dedicated his book Kubrick Napoleon Symphony (1974, dt. Napoleon Symphony ). Relations are said to have worsened when Kubrick left it to Burgess to defend the film against allegations of glorification of violence. As a (defunct) Catholic, Burgess often tried to explain the points of Christian morality in history to outraged Christian organizations who suspected satanic influences on society. He also defended the film against journalistic allegations that he supported a "fascist dogma". Burgess even took awards for Kubrick.

Burgess was deeply hurt when he felt he was being used as a hostage by Kubrick for film advertising. Malcolm McDowell, who went on a promotional tour with Burgess, shared his sentiments and at times expressed harsh criticism of Kubrick. Burgess and McDowell believed it was a testament to Kubrick's excessive pride that his name alone appeared in the opening credits. Burgess parodied Kubrick in some of his later works, including the musical version of A Clockwork Orange , which contains a Stanley Kubrick same figure that is beaten early in the course, as well as the novels The Clockwork Testament (dt. The Clockwork Testament ) in which the fictitious Poet FX Enderby is attacked for allegedly glorifying violence in a film adaptation, and Earthly Powers (dt. The Prince of Phantoms ), which features a cunning director named Zabrick.

Differences from the novel

  • In the novel , the term “Uhrwerk Orange” is explained in detail, whereas in the film it is unclear.
  • In the novel, Alex kills a man in prison and is therefore selected for treatment, while in the film he is practically offering himself up.
  • There are three other acts of violence committed by Alex and his droogs in the novel. Kubrick shot it, but then decided not to use it for the film.
  • In the film, Alex sings Singin 'in the Rain during the rape - there is no song about it in the novel.
  • The film ends with Alex's wild sex fantasy, and another chapter is added to the novel.
  • In the film, after leaving the Korova milk bar, Alex and his droogs attack a drunk homeless man in a tunnel, while in the novel they ambush a passerby who is just coming from the city library with a stack of books under his arm and is on his way home.

Meaning of Beethoven for Alex

Beethoven is of great importance to Alex, which is evident, for example, from the large portrait of his idol on his roller shutter. In his room, Alex inserts a microcassette with his favorite symphony, Beethoven's Ninth . The now sounding second movement (Molto vivace) is highlighted on the one hand by the close-up of the roller shutter with the picture of Beethoven, on the other hand by the close-up with fast cuts of the four "dancing" Jesus figures on his table for the time. The last of these cuts, precisely adapted to the accents of the music, shows Alex's head with an obsessive look. The camera lingers while Alex describes this music from the off with great enthusiasm. The music also continues in the following scenes. In the long shot of his room, the roller shutter waving in the wind is noticeable again and a Beethoven poster with an excerpt becomes visible. When he later leaves the room, the door opens a crack and the roller shutter is the focus again. The music ends shortly afterwards. In the following scene in the record shop, Beethoven appears in two variants. The clear, distinct background music, the Allegro assai vivace (alla Marcia) of the fourth movement of the 9th Symphony , is widely known. The march variation on the well-known theme Joy of Beautiful Sparks of the Gods has been heavily modified as a synthesizer version by the film composer Wendy Carlos . This gives it a somewhat metallic sound. In addition, there are filtered voices that make the German text incomprehensible and make it sound slightly English. Beethoven is also embodied by Alex himself. He strolls through the shop wearing a long purple coat with a bright, eye-catching collar and white buttons that could have been from Beethoven's time. With his walking stick, which he has loosely over his shoulder, he struts through the shop and exudes importance. In addition, he taps the floor with a stick before asking a man something. Even before that, Beethoven comes to the fore in the milk bar. While the four droogs are sitting there, all of a sudden all the attention is focused on a woman who begins to sing the joy of beautiful divine sparks from the Ninth Symphony. Alex is thrilled. His perception of Beethoven's music plays a big role in the film and for Alex's personal development in it. The 9th Symphony in particular seems like an intoxicating drug that Alex drives on and on. Scenes such as the murder of the cat woman are accompanied by classical music . For Alex, who is only concerned with satisfying his lust, everything seems harmless. Towards the end of the film there is a reversal in the effect of the music with the completion of the Ludovico attempt. This now causes severe nausea in Alex due to his conditioning . He can't stand this music any more than he can watch scenes of violence. And the forced listening to Beethoven's ninth ends in a suicide attempt.

Others

  • The album cover of the soundtrack from 2001: A Space Odyssey is clearly visible in the scene in the record store, as well as Magical Mystery Tour by The Beatles , After the Gold Rush by Neil Young , Atom Heart Mother by Pink Floyd and The Transfiguration of Blind Joe Death by John Fahey .
  • The female sculptures in the Korova milk bar were based on the work of the sculptor Allen Jones .
  • Filming began in September 1970 and ended on April 20, 1971; it was Kubrick's fastest-produced film.
  • Alex receives "Experimental Serum 114". The word "Serum" (pronounced in English [ ˈsɪr ] m ]) is a phonetic allusion to the defective CRM-114 radio, which is used in Dr. Seems strange . The number 114 also appears in other Stanley Kubrick films , e.g. B. in Eyes Wide Shut and in 2001: A Space Odyssey .
  • When Alex is dragged through the forest by his former droogs Dim and Georgie, who have become cops, their numbers on the rank badges are 665 (Dim) and 667 (Georgie), which indicates that Alex, who is between them, is number 666 - the number of the beast, commonly referred to as the number of the devil.
  • The subscribed by Philip Castle movie poster contains the Eye of Providence of Freemasons , which most often with the seal of the United States is associated.
  • Mr. Alexander's doorbell sounds like the first four notes of Beethoven's 5th Symphony . In the classic tradition, this opening was compared with “fate knocking on the door”.
  • "Korova" is Russian and means "cow" in German. The use of the Russian word in the name of the bar goes hand in hand with the jargon Nadsat used by Alex and his droogs.
  • The film's opening credits were designed by Pablo Ferro .
  • In the newspaper clippings reporting Alex's attempted suicide, his name is given as Alex Burgess, not Alex DeLarge.
  • In the Alex with Durango 95 designated sports car, with the Droog take a spin, it is a kit-car type Adams sample 16 . Only three examples of this vehicle were built, one of which belonged to musicians Jimmy Webb , Jack Bruce and Laurence Laing .
  • The Land Rover driven by Dim and Georgie as police officers has a British license plate with the year suffix Q, which was never used in the real registration system. The theoretically preceding year suffix P was used for vehicles registered in the period from August 1975 to July 1976, which could date the plot of the film to the following year of registration from August 1976 to July 1977.
  • The classical pieces of music used in the film, apart from the Beethoven symphonies, are the opera overtures to Guillaume Tell ( e.g. in the sex scene with Alex's acquaintances from the record store and when Alex's arrival in prison) and La gazza ladra (among others at Battle with the rival gang and the murder of the old woman) by Gioachino Rossini and for the Pomp and Circumstance March No. 1 (while visiting the Home Secretary in prison) by Edward Elgar . In the scenes in which the imprisoned Alex daydreams of biblical events, excerpts from the symphonic poem Scheherazade by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov can be heard. The theme music of the film is to the March for the Funeral of Queen Mary of Henry Purcell ajar.
  • Cinematographer John Alcott also directed Kubrick's Barry Lyndon and Shining .
  • Kubrick's stepdaughter Katharina Kubrick is not mentioned in the credits, she walks past Alex in the film in the record store.
  • Uhrwerk Orange was Kubrick's first script written by himself.
  • Aside from Asphalt-Cowboy , Uhrwerk Orange is the only film that received an X-Rating in the USA and was still nominated for an Oscar for Best Picture .
  • The Dolby sound system was used for the first time in Uhrwerk Orange .

influence

Both the entire plot and individual elements of A Clockwork Orange exerted a great influence on pop culture , especially pop music - although this is more likely to be due to the popularity of the film and less to the novel.

  • Clockwork Orange is still an important cult film in the skinhead scene. After its appearance, many skinheads adopted the clockwork orange style . This influence can still be seen today through patches, badges or tattoos.
  • The British punk band The Adicts , formed in the late 1970s, took over the looks and style of the performers.
  • The British-Irish pop duo Moloko named themselves after the milk drink that first-person narrator Alex and his Droogs drink in the Korova milk bar.
  • In an episode of the animated series The Simpsons , in which Mr. Burns tries to drill the dog Knecht Ruprecht into a watchdog, there are some allusions to Uhrwerk Orange . For example, the violent films with which the dog is to be influenced are highlighted with Beethoven's 9th symphony, and his eyes are kept open with special devices. In another Simpsons episode of the Halloween series ("Vicious Games"), Bart Simpson appears in the clothing style of the main actor Alex. In another Simpson episode, in which Lisa uses Bart as a test object for a school project, the scene "Alex on stage with his wife" is quoted when Bart tries to get two cakes from the refrigerator, which, however, give him electric shocks when they come into contact. The second of the three partial episodes of the twenty-fifth Halloween episode (season 26, episode 4) is called A Clockwork Yellow . In it Moe Szyslak slips into the role of Alex; Homer, Lenny and Carl are the droogs, and it portrays some of the film's key scenes in the context of the Simpsons universe. The gang leader tells of the "old in-out game". At the same time you can see gang members jumping back and forth through an automatic sliding door while they shout "in - out".
  • Die Toten Hosen released a concept album in 1988, entitled A Little Bit of Horror Show , after having been involved as a musician on a stage version of the material. This also includes the song Here comes Alex , which relates directly to the protagonist of the film.
  • The film is also popular in the international ultra-football scene , as the ultras, as an independent youth culture, also condemn the establishment. An ultra grouping of the Italian soccer club Juventus Turin is called “Drughi” (“Droog” means “friend” in the Nadsat language). The "Droogs" are also an ultra group from Frankfurter Eintracht and an ultra group from Saarbrücken called Droogs SB and are part of the logo of Schickeria Munich and the Ultras of Eintracht Braunschweig .
  • In the film Kings of Rock - Tenacious D , a scene from the film A Clockwork Orange is recreated (the dialogues are almost identical, too). In the scene, Jack Black is beaten up by four people. They wear tight white pants and white tops as well as bizarre masks.
  • The band Dream Theater often used the clockwork orange theme in their intros for their concerts or for individual songs.
  • The music video for the song The Universal by the British rock band Blur is also stylistically strongly based on Uhrwerk Orange . Like the “Droogs” in the film, the band dresses in white, and Damon Albarn , like Alexander, has make-up under his right eye. The bar the band is in in the video is reminiscent of the Korova milk bar; there is also a hysterical woman sitting in the midst of a group of men, as well as naked woman sculptures. Another parallel to the film is the theatrical gestures of the "Droogs", which are imitated by the band.
  • In the video clip for the song Authority (Fuck the rules) by the American hardcore band Biohazard from 1996, the aversion therapy scene is imitated with the eye clips.
  • The Brazilian thrash metal band Sepultura released a clockwork orange concept album in 2009, which is called A-Lex .
  • The Australian singer Kylie Minogue sang her hit Spinning Around during her Fever tour in 2002 in a Droogs outfit.
  • The video medley Stomp / Rampage by the American punk / rap group Kottonmouth Kings is also borrowed from the film. The first part (Stomp) takes place in the milk bar, and the second part (Rampage) consists of a street fight between two rival gangs.
  • The name of the punk rock band Serum 114 from Frankfurt am Main is derived from the drug that was administered to Alex.
  • In the South Park episode The Coon 2 (episode 1411) Cartman was removed from command by his friends. He took revenge for it: They were beaten up like clockwork orange .
  • The video for the song Astronaut by Sido (feat. Andreas Bourani ) ends with a view of the two performers reminiscent of Alex's treatment in the Ludovico Clinic.
  • In the computer game The Binding of Isaac: Rebirth there is the item "The Ludovico Technique", with which the player character gets the corresponding device of the film.
  • In the video game Conker's Bad Fur Day , the opening sequence and music are recreated.
  • The band Heaven 17 was named after a fictional group called when Alex visited the record store.

literature

  • Ralf Michael Fischer: Aesthetics of violence and violence of aesthetics in Stanley Kubrick's “A Clockwork Orange” (GB 1971). In: Anna Pawlak, Kerstin Schankweiler (Hrsg.): Aesthetics of violence - violence of aesthetics. Publishing house and database for humanities , Weimar 2013, pp. 125–148, ISBN 978-3-89739-734-7 (= Guernica Society's writings, Volume 19).
  • Thomas Nöske : Clockwork Orwell. About the cultural reality of negative utopian science fiction. Unrast, Münster 1997, ISBN 3-928300-70-9 .
  • Christian W. Thomsen: A Clockwork Orange. Anthony Burgess - Stanley Kubrick. In: Anne Bohnenkamp (ed.): Literaturverfilmungen. Reclam, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-15-017527-5 , pp. 274-283

Web links

Commons : Clockwork Orange Filming Locations  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Once upon a time ... Orange clockwork. ARTE, May 26, 2011, accessed on April 21, 2020 .
  2. ↑ "Once upon a time ... A Clockwork Orange", documentary on the film, France 2011, screening in Cannes on May 19 and 20, 2011, TV broadcast on ARTE on May 26, 2011 at 10:05 pm
  3. ^ Anthony Burgess, Uhrwerk Orange , Heyne Book No. 928, German first publication, 1972.
  4. ↑ hollywoodreporter.com, accessed June 19, 2017
  5. ↑ Welcome to The Malcolm McDowell / A Clockwork Orange Tribute - 1st on the Web in 1997
  6. ↑ Entry in Arne Kaul's synchronous database
  7. ↑ Orange clockwork at Rotten Tomatoes (English)
  8. ↑ Orange clockwork at Metacritic (English)
  9. ↑ Orange clockwork. In: Lexicon of International Films . Film service , accessed July 19, 2017 .Template: LdiF / Maintenance / Access used 
  10. ↑ Film review on filmstarts.de
  11. ↑ film review on cinema.de
  12. ↑ quoted here. after Hahn / Jansen, Kultfilme, p. 303
  13. ↑ "Once upon a time ... Uhrwerk Orange", documentation on Uhrwerk Orange , Cannes, May 19 and 20, 2011; ARTE May 26th 2011, 10:05 pm
  14. ^ Ulrich Gregor: History of the film from 1960. Bertelsmann, Munich 1978, ISBN 3-570-00816-9 , p. 460
  15. ↑ cit. after Ronald M. Hahn, Volker Jansen: cult films. From “Metropolis” to “Rocky Horror Picture Show”. 5th edition. Heyne, Stuttgart 1992 (Heyne-Filmbibliothek; 32/73), p. 303
  16. ↑ Ronald M. Hahn, Volker Jansen: Cult films. From “Metropolis” to “Rocky Horror Picture Show”. 5th edition. Heyne, Stuttgart 1992. (Heyne-Filmbibliothek; 32/73), pp. 302-303
  17. ^ Johann N. Schmidt : Great Britain 1945-2010. Culture, politics, society (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 305). Kröner, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-520-30501-5 , pp. 161-162.
  18. ^ Anthony Burgess, Clockwork Orange, Heyne Verlag, ISBN 978-3-453-13079-1
  19. ^ Entry on A Clockwork Orange in the Internet Movie Cars Database , accessed June 2, 2011
  20. ↑ Entry for sample 16 on the Imp Site , accessed April 17, 2014
  21. ↑ Entry on 1959 Land-Rover 109 ″ Series Station Wagon on the Internet Movie Cars Database , accessed on June 2, 2011
  22. ↑ Frame comparison on Simpsonspedia
  23. ^ "The Simpsons" Treehouse of Horror XXV (TV Episode 2014) - Connections. In: imdb.com. Retrieved December 29, 2017 .
  24. ↑ Lee Barron: Droogs, Electro-Voodoo and Kyborgs: Pastiche, Postmodernism and Kylie Minogue Live. Nebula 6.1, March 2009, p. 82 ( PDF , 106 kB)
  25. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WPFLAjmWCtk#t=3m43s
  26. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nFgTv5ZAP4s