Rohne (Upper Lusatia)
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Rohne
Rovno Community loop
Coordinates: 51 ° 31 ′ 40 ″ N , 14 ° 30 ′ 40 ″ E
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| Height : | 123 m above sea level NN |
| Area : | 19.71 km² |
| Residents : | 520 (December 31, 2013) |
| Population density : | 26 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | October 1, 1995 |
| Postal code : | 02959 |
| Area code : | 035773 |
Rohne , Upper Sorbian , is a district of the municipality of Runde in Upper Lusatia ( Saxony ). The formerly independent municipality in the Sorbian settlement area joined on October 1, 1995 loop.
In the Schleifer dialect the place is called Rowne . Unlike the Upper Sorbian name, this name is not official. Occasionally it is still available on local signs.
geography
Rohne is on State Road 130 (Loop - Burgneudorf ). In the northeast is Runde, in the east Trebendorf and in the southwest Mulkwitz . A few kilometers south is Mühlrose . The four villages belong to the parish Runde . To the north of the village center, the Struga, coming out of the loop, flows towards Mulkwitz.
history
Rohne was first mentioned as Rone in 1513. From the purchase contract of the Muskau rule from 1597 it emerges that the village of Rahn already belonged to the rule area at that time. The name Rohna dates back to 1759 , 9 years later a certificate was issued under Royhne .
The fishing in the originally numerous ponds later gave way to agriculture, which was not very productive on the barren heather so that the predominantly Sorbian farmers were dependent on the surrounding forests as an additional source of income. Insights into rural life have been handed down by the half farmer and folk writer Hanzo Njepila, who was born in Rohne .
The first school in town was opened in 1899. A new school was built as early as 1937.
The approved lignite plan stipulates that the Nochten opencast mine will reach the outskirts of Rohne by 2025. The farms south of the village center along Schäferstrasse and Trebendorfer Weg are directly affected. With the approval of the priority area applied for by Vattenfall (beyond the previously approved lignite plan), even a complete relocation was planned, which came to a standstill due to the sale of the German division by the Swedish parent company . On March 30, 2017, the new owner LEAG finally announced that they would not be expanding Nochten.
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1782 | 145 |
| 1825 | 227 |
| 1871 | 342 |
| 1885 | 394 |
| 1905 | 494 |
| 1925 | 608 |
| 1939 | 758 |
| 1946 | 806 |
| 1950 | 841 |
| 1964 | 774 |
| 1990 | 572 |
| 1999 | 690 |
| 2003 | 601 |
| 2008 | 542 |
| 2013 | 520 |
According to a Muskau land registry from 1552, 18 possessed men , 1 gardener and 7 cottagers ran in Rohne . Until 1777 the number of innkeepers sank, in that year 16 possessed men and 5 cottagers were counted, another economy lay desolate.
Since the early 19th century, the population has increased slowly but steadily, so that it has more than doubled within 100 years. In the years after the Second World War, it had reached its highest level due to refugees from the former German eastern regions. The population shrank from over 800 in the early 1950s to less than 600 at the time of the fall . Increased suburbanization made it possible to compensate for the decline in the birth rate and emigration due to unemployment to such an extent that the population rose again in the mid-1990s. After this effect subsided, the population fell again and fell below 550 in 2008.
For his statistics on the Sorbian population in Upper Lusatia, Arnošt Muka determined a population of 380 in the 1880s, all of them Sorbs. In 1956, Ernst Tschernik had a Sorbian-speaking majority of the population of 72.9%. Since then, the proportion of Sorbian speakers has decreased further, but there is a day-care center for the Witaj project in Rohne .
Culture and sights
The Sorbian Heimatstube ( Serbska Spa ), which has been in existence since 1972, also known as Sorbenstube for short, has achieved national fame. This museum shows the home of an extended Sorbian farming family, as was common for centuries. When the Njepila Association was founded, the museum moved its premises to the Njepila courtyard. There the museum was expanded beyond the living space.
Also noteworthy are the historical tombs recovered in the 1990s from the former cemetery on the other side of Mulkwitzer Weg, which were restored and re-erected in the current cemetery in 2011 and 2019. Most of the stones have Sorbian or bilingual Sorbian-German inscriptions in the Schleifer dialect . This large number of preserved Sorbian tombstones is unique for the Protestant part of Lusatia and is due to the fact that the use of the old cemetery was discontinued around 1920 without the area being used later.
Sources and further reading
literature
- From the Muskauer Heide to the Rotstein. Home book of the Lower Silesian Upper Lusatia District . Lusatia Verlag, Bautzen 2006, ISBN 978-3-929091-96-0 , p. 226 .
- Karl-August Domel: childhood and youth memories of Rohne (Weisswasser district) . In: Lětopis C 29 . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1986, p. 53-72 .
- Trudla Malinkowa: The old cemetery in Rohne. Stare pohrjebnišćo w Rownom. A documentation. Lusatia Verlag, Bautzen 2011, ISBN 978-3-936758-72-6 , pp. 239 .
Footnotes
- ↑ a b Municipality of Loop - administrative community. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on June 7, 2015 ; accessed on March 1, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities of Germany, see 1995
- ↑ Ernst Eichler , Hans Walther : Oberlausitz toponymy - studies on the toponymy of the districts of Bautzen, Bischofswerda, Görlitz, Hoyerswerda, Kamenz, Löbau, Niesky, Senftenberg, Weißwasser and Zittau. I name book (= German-Slavic research on naming and settlement history . Volume 28 ). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1975, p. 256-257 .
- ^ Tilo Berger: Mulkwitz, Rohne and Schleifes south are not being excavated. Sächsische Zeitung, March 30, 2017, accessed on March 30, 2017 .
- ^ Rohne in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ↑ Saxony regional register. Retrieved August 23, 2014 .
- ↑ Ernst Tschernik: The development of the Sorbian population . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1954, p. 120 .
- ^ Ludwig Elle: Language policy in the Lausitz . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1995, p. 255 .
- ↑ Njepila Hof e. V. Accessed August 23, 2014 .
Web links
- Website about Rohne
- Umsiedler-Schleife.de - Citizens' initiative of the residents of Rohne and Mulkwitz affected by the Nochten opencast mine