Mining lodge
The Bergbauden or Bauden (from Czech Horská bouda , which in turn comes from the German Bude ) were once shelters for cattle herders and typical of the Giant Mountains . As miners, they were mostly huts in the higher mountain regions, which consisted of beams laid one on top of the other, had shingle roofs and had two rooms in addition to the stable. They were inhabited by shepherds and loggers in the summer .
From around 1850 onwards, they became of great interest to hikers . Towards the end of the 19th century, they were mostly converted into hostels for tourists and later often expanded to accommodate a larger number of guests. In other places the old buildings were replaced by completely new buildings.
Some of these historical buildings from the middle of the 19th century had to be closed and demolished after the fall of the Wall in 1990 due to their dilapidation. Others have been modernized and reopened in a contemporary style.
Examples
In Poland , buildings are usually referred to as Schronisko turystyczne (hostel).
In the Giant Mountains the most famous mining towns are:
- Bohemian and Prussian shack on the Schneekoppe , 1603 m , demolished in 2003 and 1957 respectively
- Labská bouda (Elbe falls) , 1284 m
- Luční bouda (meadow hut) , 1623/1625, oldest and largest hut in the Giant Mountains
- Martinovka (Martinsbaude)
- Petrova bouda (Peterbaude) , 1288 m , closed since 2008, burned down on August 1st, 2011
- Prinz-Heinrich-Baude am Kammweg , 1410 m , burned down in 1946
- Rennerbaude , burned down in 1938
- Schlingelbaude , 1067 m , burned down in 1966, today an open resting place
- Schronisko Dom Śląski (Silesian House) , 1400 m
- Schronisko Kamieńczyk (formerly Zackelfallbaude) , 830 m
- Schronisko Odrodzenie (formerly the "Rübezahl" youth association)
- Schronisko pod Łabskim Szczytem (Old Silesian Shack)
- Schronisko na Hali Szrenickiej (New Silesian Shack) , 1195 m
- Schronisko na Szrenicy (Reifträgerbaude) , 1362 m
- Schronisko nad Śnieżnymi Kotłami (snow pit hut ), closed since 1961 due to the installation of a television station, 1490 m
- Schronisko Strzecha Akademicka (Hampelbaude) , 1255 m
- Schronisko Samotnia (Small Pond Shack) , the oldest Silesian shack
- Špindlerova Bouda (Spindler chalet) , 1208 m , in the core of 1784, turned into a 4-star hotel
- Vosecká Bouda (Wosseckerbaude) above Harrachov
- Výrovka (Geiergucke) , 1363 m
- Vrbatova bouda ( Gold heights -Baude)
Well-known buildings in the Jizera Mountains :
- Bárlova bouda (Bartlbaude)
- Hay hut , 1107 m
Bungalows from the 19th century in the Oberlausitz and the Eastern Ore Mountains :
- Hochwald-Baude in the Zittau Mountains ( Hochwald )
- Pottery shack in the Zittau Mountains ( Töpfer )
- Kottmar-Bergbaude in the Lausitzer Bergland ( Kottmar )
- Keulenberg-Baude near Pulsnitz (Oberlausitz), 1862, demolished ( Keulenberg )
- Geisingberg-Baude ( Eastern Ore Mountains ), 1891, restored and reopened in 1990 ( Geisingberg )
- Bergbaude Kohlhaukuppe in Geising / Osterzgebirge ( Kohlhaukuppe )
Further spread
In Central Germany, too, contemporary buildings tie in with the historical tradition with their names. There are Bauden in Upper Lusatia , in the Fichtelgebirge , in the Thuringian Forest and in the Harz , where the Harzer Baudensteig connects several mountain restaurants, recently also called Bauden.
In many cases, however, these are no longer simple mountain huts, but rather conference and assembly centers for club activities and family celebrations, training camps or youth centers with extensive catering, sports and leisure activities.
The term is not common for mountain huts or buildings in this tradition in southern Germany, Austria, Switzerland and South Tyrol .
