Rascals
| Schlingelbaude (gone) |
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 The old and new Schlingelbaude in winter on a postcard from 1900. In the background on the hill the Prinz ‑ Heinrich ‑ Baude |
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| location | Karpacz (Krummhübel) ; Lower Silesia , Poland | |
| Mountain range | Giant Mountains , Sudetes | |
| Geographical location: | 50 ° 45 ′ 55 " N , 15 ° 42 ′ 17" E | |
| Altitude | 1067 m npm | |
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| owner | PTTK | |
Schlingelbaude was the German name for two mining towns located close together in Lower Silesia , in what is now the Polish part of the Giant Mountains . Both buildings had different names at times, but a distinction was mainly made between the old and the new rascal. From 1945 the Polish names Izabella , Schronisko na Starej Polanie and Schronisko Bronisława Czecha were used for the new building .
location
The location above the 1000 meter mark on the northern edge of a clearing about halfway up between the northeastern Krummhübel (since 1945 Karpacz ) and the summit of the Schneekoppe has always been an important stage goal when climbing the highest elevation in the Sudetes .
history
With the boom in metal processing at the end of the 16th century in the southern Hirschberg Valley , the demand for charcoal for smelting furnaces and forges increased . As a result of the non-sustainable forestry , deforestation created one of the largest unforested areas on the lower edges of the northern part of the mountain range. The mountain slope below the Brunnberg (Studniční hora) with the descriptive name “Seifenlehne” is one of the most water-rich areas in the region and despite the steepness of the terrain, the abundance of water in the clearing favored the creation of a large swamp meadow .
Already in the thirties of the 17th century there was talk of a hut below the big pond , the later rascal hut. Consequently, it can be assumed with some certainty that their foundation, similar to the slightly higher, also on the ancient trade route Schlesierweg (Slaska Droga) located Hampelbaude shortly after 1600 must lie. It is also very likely that it was used as a refuge from the horrors of the Thirty Years War . It is certain that accommodation was built here in 1652, which served as a place to sleep for up to 60 workers who were involved in building the Laurentius Chapel on the summit of the Schneekoppe or hauling the material up.
It was called the Schlingelbaude very early and for reasons that are not entirely clear. The first written mention of this name is dated to 1690. Twenty years earlier, the playwright Christian Gryphius reported on his hike to Schneekoppe in 1670, when he stopped in a hut "because the landlord was called Schlingel".
More than half a century later, a footnote from a publisher of this report, Dietrich Krahn from Hirschberg , learned that the landlord had only taken the name to insult and was actually called Georg Gems. On a map from 1798, designed by JFM Niedhart from Hirschberg, a hut on the Gemsberg under the Mittagsstein is listed as a "Gemsbaude" . In the long term, however, the nickname caught on.
In addition to the trade on the Schlesierweg, for a long time dairy farming on the extensive meadows around the area ensured the livelihood of its residents. When cattle breeding was further intensified, the rabbit hut was built near the rock formation Katzenschloss (Polish : Kotków ) in the northern part of the clearing, which was mainly set up for alpine farming.
Tourist development
Without a doubt, the Schlingelbaude next to the Hampelbaude was already the most famous and historical mountain hut on the north side of the mountains. The emerging tourism increased its popularity at the beginning of the 19th century and ensured that hospitality for strangers soon became the most important source of income for the building dwellers. As tourism increased, the cattle and dairy industries were pushed back. So while the number of cattle decreased, the number of horses increased. These were needed to transport food, heating material and other goods from the valley up here and to the other high-altitude buildings on the Kleiner Teich and on the Silberkamm as well as to the Koppenplan . The guests were also trips enjoyed by horse-drawn carriage or sleigh great popularity.
In the years 1888/1889, with the support of the Riesengebirgsverein (RGV), the Prinz-Heinrich-Baude on the edge of the White Meadow was built as the first tourist mountain chalet in the Giant Mountains. At the same time, Heinrich Einert seems to have become the owner of the Schlingelbaude. In 1891 an iron-containing spring was found on his property, which, comparable to the steel springs in Bad Flinsberg , could be used for medical purposes and a health resort. The plans to compete with the healing springs in Flinsberg, however, remained a wish of the ambitious owner and were finally given up.
Theodor Fontane , who spent many vacations in the area and, among other things, wrote his novel “ Quitt ” on paper between 1885 and 1889 , couldn't stand the landlord, for whatever reasons, and wrote to his friend, the Schmiedeberger district judge Friedlaender :
"It's a shame that the steel source doesn't jump at the Anna Chapel, but 'Schlingelbaude', I won't accept that, apart from the long, arrogant sleepiness who is now up there."
In another letter to the same addressee in which he reports on a planned hike, he complains:
"It's a shame that you always have to pass the terrible rascal dump."
In 1894 Einert had a new guest house built opposite the Schlingelbaude, barely a stone's throw away, and called it "Baude am Haideschloß" . The name should be reminiscent of the castle of the mountain spirit Rübezahl , which, according to legend, stands in the area around the Rübezahl pulpit . But even this name did not catch on. The two-storey building in the Swiss architectural style was designed by Alfred Dehmel from Hirschberg and was considered one of the most beautiful of its kind in the Giant Mountains and had 15 guest rooms of a very high standard.
In 1898 the construction of the path from the Schlingelbaude over the Dreisteine rock group to the confluence with the Kammweg at Mittagsstein, commissioned by the Riesengebirgsverein . From the memoirs of the long-time RGV chairman Hugo Seydel from Hirschberg, it becomes clear that the path “leads through very swampy and boggy terrain” and cost 1068 marks and 65 pfennigs . Einert was not involved in the investment, but will have welcomed it.
1908 sold Einert his property to the Imperial Count Schaffgotsch from Teplitz (Teplice) . From then on, the property became part of the Bergenclave Gebirgsbauden (Budziska) , which was founded on November 15, 1735. The innkeeper Heinrich Scholz from Baberhäuser ( Borowice in Polish after 1945 ) was found to be the tenant of the Schlingelbaude .
This meant that the time of keeping livestock in the Schlingelbaude was finally over and livestock farming was only relocated to the Hasenbaude. Tourism, with its economic impact, changed the lives of the local population in almost all areas. Much had to be adapted to the wishes and needs of the constantly growing number of summer and winter guests. Where once a few stones placed at a jump distance marked the direction over the marshy meadows and thereby met the simple demands of the locals, well-paved paths were now necessary in order to be able to bring the beauties of nature closer to the strangers with dry feet as possible. In this respect, the Giant Mountains Association has made a special contribution to developing the mountains for tourism in similar cases.
On the initiative of the RGV, another path was laid out between the June months of 1903 and 1904, which led past the Schlingelbaude. The "Hoserweg", named after the Giant Mountains researcher Joseph Carl Eduard Hoser , cost a total of 2775.71 marks, connected Brückenberg with the Prinz-Heinrich-Baude and was used as a toboggan run around winter.
In 1911, the road from Brückenberg via Schlingel- and Hampelbaude to Koppenplan was expanded. This enabled the entire needs of the Prussian Baude on the Schneekoppe to be brought by horse-drawn wagons to the newly built depot on the Koppenplan, which greatly relieved the so-called Kopp carriers. Admittedly there was still enough work for the porters, because the steep ascent to the summit could not be mastered by the horses either.
The poet Alfred Henschke, better known by his stage name Klabund , who tried to cure his tuberculosis in 1912 in Bad Brückenberg, the highest summer resort in Prussia , also visited the Schlingelbaude.
In a letter he wrote home, he reported: “I breathe deeply, eat eggs, drink milk, freeze and feast on the purple silk stockings and patent leather shoes of the postcard lady in the rascal hut, which, however, has no other charms. All women look terrible here ... "
In the period that followed, the "New Schlingelbaude" was rebuilt several times so that it B. lost its original alpine character by adding balconies and a veranda . When the Schlingelbaude was finally transformed into a mountain hotel in 1924, it had a capacity of 50 beds and an excellent restaurant.
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Little evidence is available about the disastrous years during National Socialism and especially after the annexation of the Sudetenland . In the photo on the right, a German imperial and national flag with a swastika is hoisted in front of the old rascals . In the right half of the picture a group of people can be seen in a military-style position.
After 1945
After the Second World War , the hotel was initially taken over by the Polish authorities, who changed the name to "Izabella" and set up a holiday home for former concentration camp inmates. Since then, the swamp meadow has been called "Stara Polana" or "Polana" for short (translated old clearing ). In 1946, the rabbit hut was devastated and abandoned. There is still a climatological weather station there, which was set up in the 1930s.
From June 1946 the Schlingelbaude belonged to the YMCA Polska (in German CVJM = Christian Association of Young People) and was initially called Schronisko na Starej Polanie , translated as hostel in the old clearing . After the communist rulers banned this group , it came under the direction of the Polish Society for Tourism and Local Lore (PTTK).
In 1951 the building was renamed in memory of Bronisław "Bronek" Czech . The famous Polish ski jumper and skier, who took part in the Winter Olympics three times, was imprisoned as a member of the Polish Home Army and killed in the Auschwitz concentration camp in June 1944 at the age of 35.
The old rascal house was no longer used and was left to its fate until it became increasingly dilapidated and was demolished in 1954. The new hut - Schronisko im. Bronka Czecha burned to the ground in a fire on December 11, 1966 because the extinguishing operation was hindered by the deep snow on the surrounding streets. The ruins were demolished in the early 1980s, but the reconstruction plans from that time were never implemented. Since then, only a rest area and the remains of the foundations remind of this place.
Tourist development
The place where the two hostels stood is at the intersection of several well-marked hiking trails.
▬ - marked green trail called "Droga Bronisława Czecha" (formerly leads Hoserweg ) from Upper Karpacz (Brückenberg) coming on Waterfall Dziki Wodospad (German Lomnitzfall translated Wild waterfall ) passing through the valley of the mountain stream Pląsawa (bridge water) to the crossroads and from here on to the main ridge of the mountains.
▬ - Marked in yellow, it goes over planks to the rock formations Pielgrzymy (three stones) and Słonecznik (midday stone) ; in the opposite direction to the Rówienka plateau (Rübezahls bowling alley) over the Jodłówka waterfall (Tann waterfall) to Borowice (Baberhäuser) .
▬ - Blue is the sign that leads from the Kościół Wang Stave Church in Karpacz Górny over the fork in the road to the Kar Kocioł Małego Stawu (Small Snow Pit) .
annotation
- ↑ Soaps are all small streams in the Giant Mountains that are said to have once carried gold sand with them.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Old clearing in the Giant Mountains (Polish)
- ↑ Vesely Vylet - A Fun Excursion, No. 34
- ↑ Christiani Gryphii, "Description of the Giant = Mountains which he himself climbed", page 15
- ↑ Konrad Zacher: Schneekoppe or Riesenkoppe - Giant Mountains Tourism two hundred years ago
- ^ Namslauer Stadtblatt. Journal of daily history and entertainment dated August 11, 1891
- ↑ Former hostels in the Silesian Giant Mountains (Polish)
- ↑ Memoirs of the Privy Councilor of Justice Dr. hc Seydel
- ↑ Tourist hostels in the Giant and Jizera Mountains in Poland and the Czech Republic (Polish)
- ↑ Hans Poser , Geographical Studies on Tourism in the Giant Mountains, p. 159
- ↑ The Schneekoppe
- ↑ Klabund's biography
- ↑ The Giant Mountains Cultural Region