Willow Hill

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the market Weidenberg
Willow Hill
Map of Germany, position of the Weidenberg market highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 56 '  N , 11 ° 43'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Upper Franconia
County : Bayreuth
Management Community : Willow Hill
Height : 436 m above sea level NHN
Area : 68.92 km 2
Residents: 5799 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 84 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 95466
Primaries : 09278, 09209, 0921
License plate : BT, EBS , ESB , KEM , MÜB , PEG
Community key : 09 4 72 199
Market structure: 53 parts of the community

Market administration address : 		Rathausplatz 1
95466 Weidenberg
Website : www.weidenberg.de
Mayor : Hans Wittauer ( Free Association of Voters )
Location of the Weidenberg market in the Bayreuth district
Landkreis Nürnberger Land Bayreuth Bayreuth Landkreis Hof Landkreis Wunsiedel im Fichtelgebirge Landkreis Kulmbach Landkreis Lichtenfels Landkreis Bamberg Landkreis Forchheim Landkreis Tirschenreuth Landkreis Neustadt an der Waldnaab Landkreis Amberg-Sulzbach Prüll Warmensteinacher Forst-Nord Waidacher Forst Waidacher Forst Veldensteiner Forst Neubauer Forst-Nord Waischenfeld Bayreuth Heinersreuther Forst Glashüttener Forst Forst Neustädtlein am Forst Gemeindefreies Gebiet Fichtelberg Emtmannsberg Haag Seybothenreuth Creußen Warmensteinach Weidenberg Schnabelwaid Prebitz Plech Mistelgau Mistelbach (Oberfranken) Hummeltal Heinersreuth Goldkronach Glashütten (Oberfranken) Gesees Gefrees Eckersdorf Bischofsgrün Bischofsgrün Bindlach Betzenstein Bad Berneck im Fichtelgebirge Speichersdorf Kirchenpingarten Waischenfeld Plankenfels Pegnitz (Stadt) Mehlmeisel Hollfeld Fichtelberg (Oberfranken) Aufseß Ahorntal Bischofsgrüner Forst Pottenstein (Oberfranken)map
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Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / market

Weidenberg is a market in the Upper Franconian district of Bayreuth and the seat of the administrative community Weidenberg , to which the communities Emtmannsberg , Kirchenpingarten and Seybothenreuth also belong.

geography

View from the Bocksleite towards Weidenberg and Fichtelgebirge
Town hall, view from the town hall square

Geographical location

The municipality of Weidenberg is located between about 357 and 853 m above sea level at the foot of the Fichtelgebirge . The main town and market Weidenberg is located in the north-eastern district of Bayreuth in the valley of the Warm Steinach . The next larger town is Bayreuth , it can be reached via State Road 2181 in the Steinach Valley or via Lankendorfer Berg and Seulbitz as well as by train.

Weidenberg consists of the Obermarkt district on the slope and the Untermarkt district in the valley floor. They are connected to one another by the Neue Straße, which runs in an arch largely outside the development, the bridle path, which is not passable throughout, and a pedestrian staircase called "Schied" with 126 steps.

nature and environment

Board of the Geo-Erlebnisweg at the train station with carnelian rock
The town hall square in the Obermarkt, view from the church tower
Untermarkt, view over the Warme Steinach to the Obermarkt
Parish joking

The Weidenberg market is located on the southern edge of the Fichtelgebirge at the foot of the Iskaraberges in the valley of the Warmen Steinach, whose headwaters are located on the southern slope of the Ochsenkopf . After Sophienthal, a district of Weidenberg, the Steinach leaves its deep valley in the mountains and enters a bright, wide basin around Weidenberg. This basin is a geologically significant part of a fracture zone called the Franconian Line : about 200 million years ago the earth's crust broke and the old mountains ( Variszikum ) pushed over the younger layers of the earth. Primary rocks such as granite , gneiss , phyllite and rotliegend as well as younger rock formations such as red sandstone , shell limestone and keuper can be found in a very small space. With the erosion of the Fichtelgebirge and the removal of the rocks by the Steinach and other rivers, gravel plains were created in the valley area. All these different soil structures led to a small-structured, varied landscape, each with its own fauna and flora .

  • Königsheide , a partially swampy high moor
  • Keilsteinfelsen near Gossenreuth (Meta-Rhyolite) (Geotope number 472R016)
  • Rotenfels iron mine (geotope number 377G009)
  • Weidenberger Felsenkeller (geotope number 472A021)
  • Carnelian horizons in the red sandstone
  • Shell limestone outcrop on the Kulmberg (geotope number 472A007)

Weidenberger Erdblicke

Under the title “Weidenberger Erdblicke”, two geo-adventure trails lead through Weidenberg and the nearby southern foothills of the Fichtelgebirge. Here on the Franconian Line , not only geological epochs, such as the Middle Ages and ancient times, shape the landscape, but also two different river systems that belong to the European main watershed . The two circular routes show almost 500 million years of geological history on 15 and 7 information boards, respectively. The boards are provided with a QR code .

Community structure

The political municipality Weidenberg has 53 officially named parts of the municipality (the type of place is given in brackets ):

There are the districts Döhlau, Fischbach, Görschnitz, Lankendorf, Lehen, Lessau, Mengersreuth, Neunkirchen a.Main, Sophienthal, Untersteinach, Weidenberg and Sophienthaler Forst.

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are (starting from the north clockwise): Warmensteinach , Kirchenpingarten , Seybothenreuth , Emtmannsberg , Bayreuth and Goldkronach .

history

Lieutenant Johann Ludwig von Künsberg zu Weidenberg (1625–1659) as an altar figure in the cemetery church in Weidenberg
Upper lock
Obere Marktstrasse in the Obermarkt district
Town house from the margrave period with baroque ornaments (e.g. window aprons)
Rock cellar of the former game management facility
Listed barns on the outskirts of the village at that time (here towards Waizenreuth)

Until the church is planted

Around the year 1000 the Weidenberg area was populated jointly by the Main Slavs and Franks . Due to the old north-west-south-east oriented trade and military route, it was primarily a transit area. A series of tower mounds was built to secure the roads and the border between Franconian and Bavarian territory. The most important tower hill complex was located above the district of Sophienthal on a strategically favorable mountain spur. This Burgstall castle hill with its clearly visible moats and ramparts can be visited.

Weidenberg was first mentioned in 1223 as the seat of a "Domus", at that time owned by the Lords of Weidenberg . In 1398 the place was attested as a market. In 1418 the noble family of Weidenberg died out, in 1446 Adrian von Künsberg bought the entire property. The lords of Künsberg owned the two castles in Weidenberg as a Zollersches fief until 1634/51. A "lower castle" was first mentioned in 1601, in 1651 it burned down and passed to the Lords of Lindenfels. In 1745 Carl Willibald von Lindenfels sold his estates and fiefdoms in and around Weidenberg to Margrave Friedrich zu Brandenburg-Bayreuth for 84,000 guilders .

In 1750 almost the entire district of Untermarkt fell victim to a fire, on October 2nd, 1770 large parts of the Obermarkt with its wooden houses were destroyed by flames. According to a margravial decree, the houses on the Obermarkt were rebuilt from stone. The reconstruction was led by the margraves' building authority in Bayreuth, closed streets and simple town houses made of sandstone blocks with window aprons and line ornaments. The fine, uniformly grained sandstone was extracted in several quarries in nearby Lessau.

The "Upper Castle" became an office building in 1770 and also served as a prison . The office of the Prussian Principality of Bayreuth , which had been Prussian since 1792 , fell to France in the Peace of Tilsit in 1807 and was sold to the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1810 . In the course of the administrative reforms in Bavaria, today's municipality was created with the municipal edict of 1818 .

19th and 20th centuries

In 1820 the market with the former margravial office (with caste and raft office ) became the seat of the Weidenberg district court . This district court was administratively combined with the Bayreuth district court to form the Bayreuth district office in 1879 . The Weidenberg District Court existed from 1879 to 1931 and has been part of the Bayreuth District Court since then .

After the Second World War , displaced people from the east brought the Gablonz glass industry with them. In the Glass Button Museum, machines, ovens and the glass products made with them, such as buttons, chandelier trimmings, glass balls and other flat glass products from this period are exhibited.

Incorporations

Part of the community Residents
(1970)		 Incorporation
date
Döhlau 223 May 1, 1978
Fischbach 82 January 1, 1970
Gorschnitz 381 January 1, 1978
Lankendorf 88 January 1, 1972
Fiefdom 202 May 1, 1978
Lessau 261 January 1, 1972
Mengersreuth 250 July 1, 1972
Neunkirchen am Main 318 January 1, 1978
Sophiental 237 1st January 1975
Untereinach 280 May 1, 1978

Population development

  • 1961: 5085
  • 1970: 5170
  • 1987: 5489
  • 1995: 6600
  • 2000: 6687
  • 2005: 6582
  • 2010: 6347
  • 2015: 5995

politics

In the runoff election for mayor on March 16, 2008, Hans Wittauer from the Free Voting Association (FWG) prevailed against Günter Dörfler (CSU) with 59.92%. In the local elections in March 2014, Hans Wittauer prevailed against the challengers Matthias Böhner (SPD) and Martin Lochmüller (Bürgerforum / UW) in the first ballot. He was confirmed in office with an absolute majority of 54.41%. In the 2020 local elections, the incumbent Hans Wittauer again achieved an absolute majority with 58% of the votes over his challenger Thomas Wolfrath from the Weidenberg Citizens' Forum.

Municipal council

The market council consists of 20 members who are divided between the following parties / groups (2020 election):

  • CSU: 6 seats
  • FWG: 5 seats
  • SPD : 3 seats
  • The Greens / UW: 2 seats
  • Citizens' forum: 3 seats
  • FDP 1 seat

mayor

  • 1827-1839 Popp
  • 1839–1842 Hellerich
  • 1842-1858 Rabenstein
  • 1858–1863 Koppmeier
  • 1863–1864 Dreß
  • 1864–1869 Schaller
  • 1869–1871 Krauss
  • 1871–1887 Abraham Schuster
  • 1887–1915 Michael Schreck
  • 1915–1916 Paul Schöller
  • 1916–1919 Heinrich Heischmann
  • 1919–1928 Johann Schiller
  • 1928–1933 Georg Kettel
  • 1933–1945 Georg Rumler
  • 1945–1946 Heinrich Seiler
  • 1946–1947 Christian Schiller
  • 1947–1948 Erhard Will
  • 1948–1960 Georg Hagen
  • 1960–1972 Otto Fleischmann
  • 1972-2008 Wolfgang Fünfstück († 2013)
  • from May 2008 Hans Wittauer

Community partnerships

Culture and sights

Museums

Joke mill
The mill wheels of the Scherzenmühle
  • Scherzenmühle open-air museum of the Fichtelgebirgsverein Weidenberg, In der Au 24
  • Glas-Knopf-Museum (GKM) of the Gablonzer Industrie in Weidenberg, Kristallstrasse 5
  • Folklore collection of the Fichtelgebirgsverein Weidenberg, Schulstrasse 2
  • Musical instrument collection, Alte Bayreuther Straße 5
  • Museum of Military Tradition in Upper Franconia, Alte Bayreuther Straße 10
  • Listed barn ensemble from the 18th century; the barns were built on the outskirts of the village for fire protection reasons

music

The Weidenberg musicians are known beyond the municipality:

  • 1996: Awarded the Hanns Seidel Foundation's Culture Prize for outstanding achievements in the field of folk music.
  • 1999: Award of the Bayreuth district sponsorship award for commitment to Franconian folk music.

Film projects

Scene at the market (with artificial snow) from The mother-of-pearl color
Scene (at the film's birthplace) from Elser - He would have changed the world

In February 2008, the first filming of the movie Die Perlmutterfarben , directed by Marcus H. Rosenmüller, took place in Markt Weidenberg . The novel by Anna Maria Jokl served as a template . Citizens acted as extras .

At the end of August 2014, another movie about Georg Elser was made on the historic Obermarkt with the title: Elser - He would have changed the world, directed by Oliver Hirschbiegel . Citizens also acted as extras. The film was released on April 9, 2015, exactly 70 years after Elser's death.

Buildings

Michaelskirche on the Gurtstein (formerly a castle complex)
  • Catholic Church of St. Michael in Weidenberg / Rosenhammer
Catholic parish church St. Michael in Rosenhammer
Old Catholic parish church of St. Peter and Paul
  • Historic upper market with peasant and town houses made of red sandstone with window and entrance ornaments in baroque decorative shapes (here especially the window aprons ).
  • Weidenberger Felsenkeller : "The guts of Weidenberg"
  • Historic grain mills, sawmills and hammer mills in and around Weidenberg
  • Scherzenmühle Museum

Culinary specialties

Weidenberger aniseed pretzels

The pretzels are a specialty from Weidenberg . During the pretzel weeks in the carnival season, aniseed pretzels are on every table or are served. During these weeks the inns offer pretzels one after the other. Associated with this are special dishes such as herring salad, plate jelly, horseradish meat and various roasts . A more elaborate kitchen is operated than usual.

The Weidenberger Spindling, a juicy, aromatic yellow plum belongs to Bavaria's original inhabitants in 2008 and has been found in Bavaria for almost 2000 years from finds of the characteristic kernels. It is processed into jam, schnapps and liqueur by the Landschaftspflegeverband (LPV) Weidenberg and the surrounding area.

Infrastructure

Educational institutions

  • Kindergartens, day-care centers, crèches
  • Montessori kindergarten group, Montessori crib group
  • primary school
  • Middle school with M train , all-day train (currently in grades 5, 6, 7 and 8) and lunch care. The Middle School Weidenberg belongs to the middle school network with the middle schools in Bad Berneck, Bindlach and Gefrees.
  • Special school (Karl Gebhardt School)
  • A swimming pool, a gym and a triple gym are available for physical education.
  • Adult Education Center (VHS)
  • Landschaftspflegeverband Weidenberg und Umgebung eV In 2019 he received the environmental award from the Bavarian State Foundation for his orchard meadow project
  • Remedial day care center (Jean-Paul-Verein Bayreuth e.V.)

Streets

Weidenberg is on State Road 2181 from Bayreuth to Warmensteinach, which as a bypass road does not affect the town center. The state road 2177 via Immenreuth to Kemnath , more roads lead to Seybothenreuth and Seulbitz to Bayreuth.

Rail transport

Weidenberg station
  • The train station in the main town of Weidenberg is currently the end point of the Bayreuth – Warmensteinach railway line . It is also known as the Fichtelgebirgsbahn . The end section Weidenberg – Warmensteinach has not been used since January 1, 1993 "for technical reasons"; it cannot be ruled out again.
  • The Weiden – Bayreuth railway line runs through the districts of the community south of Weidenberg: A train station is in the Stockau district and a stop in Seybothenreuth , which is part of the Weidenberg administrative community as a separate community.

The three train stations have been part of the Greater Nuremberg Transport Association (VGN) since 2010 . Since 2011, rail traffic has been carried out by the agilis railway company at a partly condensed, partly approximate hourly rate.

Bus transport

The main town of Weidenberg is served by an OVF bus line, there are connections to Bayreuth and the Fichtelgebirge to Warmensteinach and partly to Fichtelberg . The districts of Neunkirchen, Stockau, Lehen and Glotzdorf near the B 22 are also served by a private bus company from Bayreuth. In addition, there is a collective call taxi system between the various districts of the member communities of the Weidenberg administrative community and the main town of Weidenberg. There are school buses to the central association school in the main town of Weidenberg from all districts. Since January 1, 2010, Weidenberg, like the entire Bayreuth district, has also been integrated into the transport network for the Greater Nuremberg Area (VGN) for bus transport.

tourism

There is a free parking space for five mobile homes on In der Au in the village of Weidenberg.

economy

  • In the Untermarkt part of the municipality, three general practitioners and three dentists practice, there is a retirement and nursing home, two pharmacies and a central grocery store. There are also a number of retail stores and companies for agricultural machinery and water technology, for mold and metal construction and for stones and tombs.
  • As the most important company in the market, there is a factory of the manufacturer of prefabricated garages and concrete parts Zapf in the commercial and industrial area West .
  • Two grocery stores, beverage stores and companies for electrical, heating and ventilation, windows, upholstered furniture, clothing finishing service, design and printing, carpentry, photography, footwear, transport companies, software development and plastic injection molding technology have set up in the commercial and industrial area East.
  • In the districts of Görschnitz and Rügersberg there are sawmills with a timber trade and in Döhlau there is a grain mill.

  • Weidenberg market at the gateway to the Fichtel Mountains

  • Bahnhofstrasse in the Untermarkt district

  • The Schied, the staircase between the upper and lower market

  • The bridle path between Upper and Lower Market

  • The old post office, a former post coach station

  • A footpath to the Gurtstein over the meat banks

  • Viewing terraces at the town hall above the bridle path

  • View over the roofs to the Church of St. Michael

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the church

  • Johann Pfeffer (* 1417 (?) In Weidenberg; † 1493 in Freiburg i.Br), Catholic priest, theologian and rector of the University of Freiburg . Before Martin Luther put his 95 theses against indulgences for discussion on October 31, 1517, high-ranking and learned clergymen had dealt in detail with the questions of indulgence. One of them was Johannes Pfeffer von Weidenberg.
  • Johann Wolfgang Hammann (born June 11, 1713 in Weidenberg; † October 10, 1785 in Wallendorf), Fürstlich-Schwarzburgischer hut inspector in Katzhütte , church patron, co-founder of the Wallendorf porcelain factory

New residents

literature

Web links

Commons : Weidenberg  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ^ Geological map of Bavaria: Explanations for sheet no. 6036 Weidenberg , by Ulrich Emmert and Gerhard Stettner, Munich 1995, ISSN  0930-7060
  3. ↑ GEOPARK Bayern-Böhmen eV Marktplatz 1, 92711 Parkstein http://www.geopark-bayern.de/Public/GeoThemenwege/Erdblicke/web.htm
  4. ^ Community Weidenberg in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on January 5, 2020.
  5. ↑ Infotafel GEO-adventure "Willow Berger Erdblicke" in the district of Upper Market
  6. ↑ In the clutches of the killing machine in: Nordbayerischer Kurier of January 27, 2020, p. 17.
  7. ↑ The Fichtelgebirge / Weidenberger Raum at bayern-fichtelgebirge.de, accessed on January 20, 2015
  8. ↑ a b c d e f Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 675 and 676 .
  9. ↑ a b c d Wilhelm Volkert (Ed.): Handbook of the Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 432 .
  10. ↑ Result of the BGM 2014 Weidenberg on March 16 , 2014 ( Memento from October 29, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  11. ↑ Bayreuth – Weidenberg timetable from June 10, 2012 (PDF), accessed on March 23, 2014
  12. ↑ Seinerzeit, a local history collection in Weidenberg, pp. 484–488
  13. ↑ Lindenzeitung of the senior center of the AWO in Weidenberg, issue 114, Jan./Febr. 2014